UJosef Mengele (1911-1979) - Udokotela waseJalimane owenza izivivinyo zezokwelapha eziboshweni zekamu lokuhlushwa lase-Auschwitz phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili (1939-1945).
Ukuze enze ucwaningo, yena ngokwakhe wakhetha iziboshwa. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu aba yizisulu zezilingo ezinkulu.
Ngemuva kwempi, uMengele wabalekela eLatin America, esaba ukushushiswa. Imizamo yokumthola nokumletha enkantolo ngamacala enziwe ayiphumelelanga. Umhlaba waziwa ngaphansi kwesidlaliso "Ingelosi Yokufa evela e-Auschwitz"(Njengoba iziboshwa zazimbiza kanjalo).
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaMengele, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaJoseph Mengele.
Umlando we-Mengele
UJosef Mengele wazalwa ngoMashi 16, 1911 edolobheni laseBavaria iGünzburg. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini ocebile.
Ubaba wakhe, uKarl Mengele, wayengumnikazi wenkampani iKarl Mengele & Sons, eyayikhiqiza imishini yezolimo. Umama, uWalburga Happaue, wayebambe iqhaza ekukhuliseni amadodana amathathu, phakathi kwawo kwakunguJosef omdala.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UJosef Mengele wenze kahle esikoleni waphinde wakhombisa ukuthanda umculo, ubuciko nokushushuluza eqhweni. Ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu kuwo, waba nesithakazelo emibonweni yamaNazi. Ngeseluleko sikayise, waya eMunich, lapho angena khona eyunivesithi eMnyangweni Wefilosofi.
Ngo-1932, uMengele wajoyina inhlangano ye-Steel Helmet, eyabuye yahlangana neziphepho zamaNazi (SA). Kodwa-ke, bekufanele ahoxe kwi-Steel Helmet ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uJosef wafundela ubudokotela ne-anthropology emayunivesithi aseJalimane nase-Austria. Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engu-24, wabhala incwadi yakhe yobudokotela ethi "Ukwehlukana ngokobuhlanga ngesakhiwo se-mandibular." Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu wanikezwa iziqu zobudokotela.
Kungekudala ngaphambi kwalokho, uMengele wasebenza e-Research Institute of Hereditary Biology, Physiology and Human Hygiene. Wacwaninga ngokujulile izakhi zofuzo nokungahambi kahle kwamawele, eqala ukwenza intuthuko yokuqala kusayensi.
Imithi nobugebengu
Ngo-1938, kwenzeka umcimbi obalulekile ku-biography kaJoseph Mengele, ohambisana nokungena kwakhe eqenjini lamaNazi, i-NSDAP. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, wajoyina umbutho wezokwelapha. Usebenze ebuthweni lonjiniyela besigaba seViking, ebesingaphansi kweWaffen-SS.
Kamuva, uMengele ukwazile ukusindisa amathangi amabili ethangini elivuthayo. Ngalesi senzo, wanikezwa isihloko se-SS Hauptsturmführer kanye ne- "Iron Cross" degree 1. Ngo-1942 walimala kabi, okwakungamvumeli ukuba aqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe.
Ngenxa yalokho, uJosef wathunyelwa ekamu lokuhlushwa lase-Auschwitz, lapho aqala khona ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izivivinyo ezimbi. Izingane, ayezihlinza zisaphila, kwakuvame ukuba yizifundo zakhe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wayevame ukuhlinzeka intsha neziboshwa zabantu abadala ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia.
Isibonelo, abesilisa abathenjiwe be-Mengele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amaphilisi ezinhlungu.
Amantombazane wona abulawa inzalo ngemisebe enemisebe. Kunezimo lapho iziboshwa zishaywa ngamandla kagesi aphezulu izinsuku eziningana.
Ubuholi beReich Reich buhlinzeke ngeNgelosi Yokufa ngayo yonke into edingekayo ekuhlangenwe nakho kwayo okungenabuntu. UJosef Mengele wayebandakanyeka kuphrojekthi eyaduma kakhulu yeGemini, lapho odokotela baseJalimane babefuna ukudala umphathi.
Futhi nokho, uMengele wakhombisa intshisekelo kumawele alethwe ekamu. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, zingu-900-3000 izingane ezidlule ezandleni zakhe, okungu-300 kuphela okwazile ukusinda.Ngakho-ke, wazama ukudala amawele aseSiamese ngokuhlanganisa amawele angama-gypsy.
Izingane zathola ubuhlungu besihogo, kepha lokhu akuzange kumvimbe nhlobo uJoseph. Konke okumthakaselayo bekuwukufeza inhloso yakhe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Phakathi kokuzama kwamaNazi kube yimizamo yokushintsha umbala wamehlo engane ngokujova amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.
Lezo zingane ezasinda ekuhlolweni zabulawa ngokushesha. Izisulu zikaMengele kwakuyiziboshwa ezingamashumi ezinkulungwane. Udokotela wayebambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza ngamangqamuzana wesibindi ukusiza abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi bahlale begxile phakathi nezimpi zomoya.
Ngo-Agasti 1944, ingxenye ye-Auschwitz yavalwa, futhi zonke iziboshwa zabulawa emakamelweni kagesi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uJoseph wabelwa ukusebenza njengodokotela oyinhloko waseBirkenau (elinye lamakamu angaphakathi e-Auschwitz), wabe esefakwa ekamu laseGross-Rosen.
Ngaphambi nje kokuzinikela kweJalimane, uMengele, owayezenze isosha, wabalekela entshonalanga. Waboshwa, kodwa wabuye wadedelwa, ngoba akekho owakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ungubani. Isikhathi eside wacasha eBavaria, kwathi ngo-1949 wabalekela e-Argentina.
Kuleli lizwe, uMengele wayehileleke kwezokwelapha ngokungemthetho iminyaka eminingana, kufaka phakathi ukukhipha isisu. Ngo-1958, ngemuva kokushona kwesiguli, walethwa enkantolo, kodwa ekugcineni wakhululwa.
Ingelosi Yokufa yafunwa emhlabeni wonke, isebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ezinkulu ukwenza lokhu. Kodwa-ke, abezemfihlo abakwazanga ukuthola udokotela onegazi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lapho esemdala, uMengele akazange azisole ngalokhu akwenzile.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Lapho uJosef eneminyaka engu-28 ubudala, washada no-Irene Schönbein. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana waba nomfana, uRolf. Ngesikhathi sempi, le ndoda yayinobudlelwano obusondelene nomphathi u-Irma Grese, naye owayengomele igazi.
Maphakathi nama-50s, uMengele, owayecashe phesheya, washintsha igama lakhe waba nguHelmut Gregor wahlukana nonkosikazi wakhe osemthethweni. washada nomfelokazi womfowabo uKarl Martha, owayenendodana.
Ukufa
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, amaNazi ayehlala eBrazil, esalokhu ecashele ukushushiswa. UJosef Mengele ushone ngoFebhuwari 7, 1979 eneminyaka engama-67. Ukufa kwamfikela ngesikhathi ebhukuda e-Atlantic Ocean, ngesikhathi ehlaselwa isifo sohlangothi.
Ithuna leNgelosi Yokufa latholakala ngo-1985, futhi ochwepheshe bakwazi ukufakazela ubuqiniso bezinsalela kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-7. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kusukela ngo-2016, izinsalela zikaMengele bezisetshenziswa njengezinto zokufundisa emnyangweni wezokwelapha waseYunivesithi yaseSão Paulo.
Izithombe zeMengele
