ESt.Petersburg ebandayo nenenkungu, akunakwenzeka ukungayinaki le cathedral emangalisayo. ISonto loMsindisi Igazi Elichithekile libingelela izivakashi ngobuhle obukhanyayo nobufudumele. Izindlu zalo ezimibalabala zibukeka njengezinto zokudlala, ezingenangqondo. Isitayela esidala saseRussia sebhilidi sibukeka ngathi siphonsela inselelo ubukhazikhazi obunamandla nobuqotho bokwakhiwa kwenhlokodolobha esenyakatho.
Isonto lombhishobhi lihlukile kwamanye amasonto emlandweni odabukisayo wokudalwa kwalo nasekusetshenzisweni kokuqala kolwazi oluthile lwesakhiwo. Leli yilo kuphela isonto lama-Orthodox eSt. Petersburg, lapho kucelwa khona abantu ukuthi bangakhanyisi amakhandlela: umlilo ungabhemisa imidwebo eyigugu. Izikhathi eziningana lesi sakhiwo besisesilinganisweni sokubhujiswa, kepha ngokuyisimangaliso sahlala singaguquki.
ISonto loMsindisi Ngegazi Elichithekileyo: ubuhle obunqobayo
Mhlawumbe umphefumulo woMbusi u-Alexander II waba yingelosi egadayo. Ukukhumbula le tsar yaseRussia, kwakhiwa isonto. Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwa endaweni yenhlekelele eyenzeka ngo-1881. UMbusi u-Alexander wakhunjulwa eRussia njengombuyisi wezinguquko owaqeda i-serfdom. Ibhomu elaphonswa ezinyaweni zakhe laqeda impilo yomuntu owayethanda izwe lakhe futhi enakekela inhlalakahle yabantu.
Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli, okwaqala ngo-1883, kwaqedwa ngo-1907 kuphela. Isonto lahlanjululwa labizwa ngokuthi yiCathhedral of the Resurrection of Christ. Mhlawumbe yingakho amandla anjalo aqinisekisa impilo avela kulesi sakhiwo. Phakathi kwabantu, i-cathedral yathola igama elihlukile - iSonto Lomsindisi Ngegazi Elichithekile. Akunzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani isonto libizwa kanjalo. Ukufaniswa phakathi kokufel 'ukholo kukaMsindisi kanye nombusi owabulawa ngokungenacala kucacile.
Ukuphela kwalesi sakhiwo kwakungelula. Ngo-1941, uhulumeni waseSoviet wayefuna ukukuqhumisa, kodwa ukuqala kwempi kwavimbela. Imizamo yokudiliza isonto yaphindwa ngo-1956, futhi ithempeli laphinde ladlula. Kwaphela iminyaka engamashumi amabili, igobolondo le-artillery eliwele lapho ngesikhathi sokudubula lalilele kudome omkhulu we-cathedral. Ukuqhuma bekungaduma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngo-1961, ebeka impilo yakhe engcupheni, "ithoyizi" elibulalayo lancishiswa ngumqashi.
Kuphela ngo-1971 isonto lathola isimo semnyuziyamu, futhi kwaqala ukubuyiselwa kwesikhathi eside kwesakhiwo. Ukubuyiselwa kwe-cathedral kuthathe iminyaka engama-27. Ngo-2004, iBandla loMsindisi Elichithwe Igazi laphinde langcweliswa, kwaqala imvuselelo yalo engokomoya.
Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli
Abavakashi ababona isonto ngokushesha bakhumbula i-Intercession Cathedral eMoscow bese bebuza ukuthi ngubani owakha lesi sakhiwo eSt. Ukufana kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi u-Alexander III, indodana yombusi ongasekho, wayala ukuthi kwakhiwe iphrojekthi yokwakha ekhombisa isitayela saseRussia sekhulu le-17. Okuhle kakhulu kube yisixazululo sesitayela sika-Alfred Parland, lapho asebenza khona ngokubambisana no-Archimandrite Ignatius, umphathi weTrinity-Sergius Hermitage.
Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wokwakhiwa kweSt. Petersburg, umakhi wasebenzisa isisekelo sikakhonkolo esikhundleni sezinqwaba zendabuko zesisekelo. Isakhiwo esinezinketho eziyisishiyagalolunye simi siqinile kuso, engxenyeni esentshonalanga lapho kuphakama khona insimbi enezitezi ezimbili. Kubonisa indawo lapho kwenzeka khona le nhlekelele.
Ngaphandle kombhoshongo wensimbi kukhona amajazi ezikhali zamadolobha nezifundazwe zaseRussia. Izwe lonke kubukeka sengathi liyalila ngokushona kwenkosi. Amajazi ezikhali enziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yobuciko. Ukuhlobisa okunjalo kwe-facade akuvamile. Njengomthetho, ingaphakathi lamasonto lihlotshiswe ngamatshe amakhemikhali.
Sincoma ukufunda ngethempeli le-Angkor Wat.
Esinye isici esivelele seSonto Lomsindisi Elichithwe Igazi yidome yalo. Izahluko ezinhlanu kweziyisishiyagalolunye ze-cathedral zimbozwe ngoqweqwe lwemibala emine. AbakwaJewellers benza lolu cwecwe lobucwebe ngokusho kweresiphi ekhethekile, engenazo izakhi zokwakha zaseRussia.
Abaklami bezakhiwo babengahluphi futhi bahlobisa ngokucebile isonto elikhulu. Kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezine nohhafu abiwe, basebenzise cishe uhhafu waleyo mali ekuhlobiseni isakhiwo. Ingcweti zisebenzisa izinto ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene nasemazweni ahlukene:
- isitini esibomvu ngokubomvu esivela eJalimane;
- Imabula yase-Estland;
- I-Italian serpentinite;
- elikhanyayo Orsk ijaspi;
- I-labradorite emnyama yase-Ukraine;
- izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 zemabula yase-Italy.
Ubukhazikhazi bokuhlobisa buyamangalisa, kepha iningi labo bonke abavakashi bavame ukubona ama-mosaics ahlobisa ithempeli ngaphakathi.
Ingaphakathi le-Cathedral
Isonto ekuqaleni lalingakhelwanga ukukhonza ngobuningi bendabuko. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sakhiwo kunophahla oluhle oluheha ukunakekela - isakhiwo sikanokusho esifulelwe ngamatende, lapho kugcinwa khona isiqeshana sendlela egandayiwe ngamatshe. Yiyo kanye indawo lapho u-Alexander II olimele awela khona.
Umhlobiso omangalisayo wangaphakathi wekamelo wenziwa ngamakhosi adume kakhulu aseRussia naseJalimane. Basuka enkambisweni yokuhlobisa amasonto ngemisebenzi yobuciko ebukekayo. Lokhu kungenxa yesimo sezulu esiswakeme saseSt.
I-cathedral ihlotshiswe ngeqoqo elicebile lamatshe ayigugu ayigugu, futhi ama-mosaic amboza zonke izindonga nezindawo zeSonto Lomsindisi Ngegazi Elichithekile. Indawo yayo ingaphezu kwamamitha ayisikwele ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7. amamitha! Ngisho nezithonjana zenziwe ngama-mosaic lapha.
Izithombe zesikhumbuzo zaqoqwa ngendlela "yaseVenetian". Ngenxa yalokhu, ekubonisweni okuphindayo, umdwebo waqale ukopishelwa ephepheni. Umsebenzi ophelile wanqunywa waba yizicucu, okwakunanyathiselwe khona i-smalt, kukhethwa izithunzi ezifanele. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengamaphazili, kwahlanganiswa amabhlogo kaMose futhi ananyathiselwa odongeni. Ngale ndlela, umdwebo ongokomfanekiso wenziwa lula.
Izithombe zithayiphiwe ngendlela yendabuko, "eqondile". Ngale ndlela, isithombe besicishe sifane nesasekuqaleni. Abakhi basebenzise i-smalt enombala wegolide eningi njengesizinda. Ngokukhanya kwelanga, kugcwalisa ingaphakathi ngokukhanya okuthambile.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Izimfihlakalo eziningi ezimangazayo zihambisana neBandla likaMsindisi Elichithwe Igazi. Isonto lombhishobhi limi endaweni yokugcwala isikhathi eside. UBard odumile waze waba nengoma ngalokhu. Abantu ngokuhlekisa bathi izinhlaka zokubuyiselwa zingenakonakala njengeSoviet Union. Ukuhlakazwa ekugcineni kwaqedwa ngo-1991. Usuku olufanayo manje lusho ukuphela kwe-USSR.
Futhi, abantu bakhuluma ngemfihlo yezinsuku ezithile ebhalwe kusithonjana esiyimfihlakalo okungakaze kubonwe muntu. Ngokusobala, yonke imicimbi ebalulekile yezwe neSt. Petersburg ibhalwe kuyo ngekhodi: 1917, 1941, 1953. Ubukhulu besonto buhlotshaniswa nezinombolo: ukuphakama kwedome le-hip emaphakathi kungamamitha angama-81, aqondana nonyaka wokufa kombusi. Ukuphakama kombhoshongo wensimbi kungamamitha angama-63, okungukuthi, iminyaka ka-Alexander ngesikhathi sokufa.
Imininingwane ewusizo
Zonke izimfihlo ezihlobene nethempeli, isivakashi ngasinye singazama ukuzihlaziya ngokwazo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga nje ukuza eSt. Lesi sakhiwo sitholakala: Nab. I-Griboyedov Channel 2B, eyakha A. EBandleni likaMsindisi ngeGazi Elichithekile, amakholwa angafika enkonzweni ye-Orthodox. Isonto lombhishobhi linendawo yalo. Uhlelo lwezinsizakalo lubuyekezwa njalo kuwebhusayithi yesonto.
Abathandi bezikhumbuzo zobuciko bazokwazisa ngobuhle besonto elikhulu ngokubhalisela ukuvakasha okuqondisiwe. Kunikezwa izihloko ezahlukahlukene. Izivakashi zizofunda ngokwakhiwa kwesonto, ubuciko balo nezakhiwo zezithombe. Amahora okuvula afaka nohambo lwantambama ehlobo. Isigodlo sivaliwe ngoLwesithathu. Izintengo zamathikithi zisukela kuma-ruble angama-50 kuye kwangama-250. Abafisa ukuthatha isithombe noma i-video bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa imishini ngaphandle kwe-tripod nelambu elingemuva.
Izivakashi eziningi zizofuna ukuthwebula ubuhle obungaphelelwa yisikhathi. Ngokusho kwengosi yaseBrithani iVouchercloud, iSonto Lovuko lukaKristu liyindawo eheha izivakashi eRussia. Kepha azikho izithombe noma incazelo yesakhiwo engabudlulisa ubuhle obugcwele besonto lombhishobhi. Ithempeli lizovulelwa labo abamazi mathupha.
