Intsha kaHitler - inhlangano yentsha ye-NSDAP. Kuvinjelwe ngo-1945 ngesikhathi se-denazification.
IHitler Youth Organisation yasungulwa ehlobo lika-1926 njengeNational Socialist Youth Movement. Umholi wawo kwakunguMholi Wentsha WeReich uBaldur von Schirach, owabika ngqo ku-Adolf Hitler.
Umlando nemisebenzi yeNtsha kaHitler
Eminyakeni yokugcina yeRiphabhulikhi yaseWeimar, iNtsha kaHitler yaba negalelo elibonakalayo ekukhuleni kodlame eJalimane. Intsha esukela eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kwengu-18 ubudala ingajoyina izinhlangano zale nhlangano. Izinhlaka zentsha kaHitler yahlasela amabhayisikobho akhombisa ifilimu elwa nempi i-All Quiet on the Western Front.
Lokhu kuholele ekutheni uhulumeni uthathe isinqumo sokunqabela ukuvezwa kwalesi sithombe emadolobheni amaningi aseJalimane. Ngezinye izikhathi, iziphathimandla zazizama ngenkani ukudambisa le ntsha eyayithukuthele. Isibonelo, ngo-1930, inhloko yeHanover, uGustav Noske, wavimbela izingane zesikole ukuba zijoyine i-Hitler Youth, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho kwavinjelwa okufanayo nakwezinye izifunda.
Kodwa-ke, lezo zinyathelo bezingasebenzi. AmaNazi azibiza ngamaqhawe aziwayo ashushiswa uhulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho iziphathimandla zivala iseli elilodwa noma elinye leNhlangano kaHitler, endaweni efanayo kwavela okufanayo, kodwa kwaba ngaphansi kwegama elihlukile.
Lapho umfaniswano wentsha kaHitler uvinjelwa eJalimane, kwezinye izindawo amaqembu entsha ayefuna ukumosha ngokudayisa inyama aqala ukumasha emigwaqweni ngamaphinifa anegazi. Abaphikisi benhlangano yentsha babesaba, ngoba babeqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu wayenommese ofihlwe ngaphansi kwe-apron yabo.
Ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokhetho, iNtsha kaHitler yawasekela ngentshiseko amaNazi. Abafana basabalalisa amapheshana futhi babhala izingqwembe ezineziqubulo. Kwesinye isikhathi ababambiqhaza kule nhlangano babhekana nokuphikiswa ngabaphikisi babo, amakhomanisi.
Esikhathini 1931-1933. amalungu angaphezu kuka-20 eNtsha kaHitler abulawa ezimpini ezinjalo. Abanye bezisulu baphakanyiswa ngamaNazi babafaka kumaqhawe esizwe, bewabiza "ngezisulu" nangokuthi "abafel 'ukholo" bohlelo lwezepolitiki.
Ubuholi bentsha kaHitler kanye ne-NSDAP banxuse abalandeli babo ukuba baphindiselele ukufa kwalezi zinsizwa ezineshwa. Ngemuva kokuba amaNazi eqale ukubusa, kwaphasiswa Umthetho Wentsha kaHitler, kwathi kamuva iYouth Call of Duty Bill.
Ngakho-ke, uma phambilini ukujoyina i-Hitler Youth kwakuyindaba yokuzithandela, manje ukuhlanganyela enhlanganweni sekuyimpoqo kuwo wonke amaJalimane. Ngokushesha le nhlangano yaqala ukuba yingxenye yeNSDAP.
Ubuholi bentsha kaHitler buzame nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuheha intsha ukuba ibe sezingeni labo. Imibukiso yemikhosi, imidlalo yempi, imincintiswano, ukunyuka kanye neminye imicimbi ethokozisayo yahlelwa izingane. Noma iyiphi insizwa ingathola umdlalo wayo owuthandayo: ezemidlalo, umculo, umdanso, isayensi, njll.
Ngalesi sizathu, intsha yafuna ngokuzithandela ukujoyina le nhlangano, ngakho-ke labo ababengewona amalungu eHitler Youth babethathwa "njengamagwababa amhlophe." Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kuphela abafana "abahlanzekile ngokobuhlanga" abavunyelwe enhlanganweni.
KuHitler Youth, inkolelo yobuhlanga, umlando waseJalimane, umlando kaHitler, umlando we-NSDAP, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakwa ngokuyinhloko kwakukhokhelwa kwimininingwane yangokwenyama, hhayi ngokwengqondo. Izingane zafundiswa ukudlala imidlalo, zafundiswa ukulwa ngezandla nokudubula ngezibhamu.
Ngenxa yalokhu, iningi elikhulu labazali lalijabule ukuthumela izingane zalo kule nhlangano.
Intsha kaHitler eMpini Yezwe II
Ngokugqashuka kwempi, amalungu eHitler Youth ayematasa eqoqa izingubo zokulala namasosha. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni sayo sokugcina, uHitler waqala ukusebenzisa izingane ngezimpi, ngenxa yokushoda kwenhlekelele kwamasosha amadala. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngisho nabafana abaneminyaka engu-12 babamba iqhaza empini enegazi.
UFuhrer, kanye namanye amaNazi, kufaka phakathi uGebebbels, waqinisekisa abafana ngokunqoba isitha. Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, izingane zanqotshwa inkulumo-ze kalula kakhulu futhi zabuza imibuzo embalwa. Befuna ukufakazela ubuqotho babo kuHitler, balwa nesitha ngokungenasibindi, bakhonza emaqenjini abahlanganyeli, badubula iziboshwa baziphonsa ngaphansi kwamathangi ngamabhomu.
Ngokumangazayo, izingane nentsha beziphethe ngobudlova kakhulu kunabantu abadala abalwa. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uPapa Benedict XVI, owaziwa ngokuthi uJosef Alois Ratzinger, wayeyilungu leNtsha kaHitler ebusheni bakhe.
Ezinyangeni zokugcina zempi, amaNazi aqala ukuheha ngisho namantombazane enkonzweni. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kwakhiwa amaqembu e-werewolf, ayedingeka ekuhlaselweni nasezimpini zabashokobezi.
Ngisho nangemva kokuzinikela koMbuso Wesithathu, lezi zakhiwo zaqhubeka nemisebenzi yazo. Ngakho-ke, umbuso wamaNazi-fascist uthathe izimpilo zamashumi ezinkulungwane zezingane nentsha.
12th SS Panzer Division "Hitler Youth"
Elinye lamayunithi e-Wehrmacht, ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngamalungu eHitler Youth, kwakuyi-12th SS Panzer Division. Ekupheleni kuka-1943, amandla aphelele esigaba adlula amaJalimane amancane angama-20 000 anamathangi ayi-150.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zempi eNormandy, i-12th SS Panzer Division yakwazi ukwenza ukulahlekelwa okuphawulekayo ebuthweni lesitha. Ngaphezu kokuphumelela kwabo empini yangaphambilini, lawa maqhawe azuze idumela lokuba ngabashisekeli benkolo abanonya. Badubula iziboshwa ezingahlomile futhi zazivame ukuzigenca zibe izicucu.
Amasosha oMkhandlu abheka ukubulawa okunjalo njengokuziphindisela ngokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu emadolobheni aseJalimane. Abalwi beHitler Youth balwa namaqhawe balwa nesitha, kodwa maphakathi no-1944 baqala ukulahlekelwa kakhulu.
Phakathi nenyanga yokulwa okunzima, isigaba se-12 salahlekelwa cishe ama-60% kokwakhiwa kwaso kwasekuqaleni. Kamuva, wagcina esembizeni yeFalaise, lapho kamuva acishe waphuka ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinsalela zamasosha asinda zaqhubeka zilwa nakwezinye izinhlangano zaseJalimane.
Isithombe sikaHitler Youth
