UWolf Grigorievich (Gershkovich) Uyathumeza (1899-1974) - Umculi we-pop waseSoviet (i-psyistist), owenza ngokudlala ngengqondo "efunda izingqondo" zabalaleli, umlindi, umkhohlisi nomculi ohlonishwayo we-RSFSR. Ubhekwe njengobuntu obuyindida kakhulu emkhakheni wakhe.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography yeWolf Messing, esizokhuluma ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane yeWolf Messing.
Umlando we-Wolf Messing
UWolf Messing wazalwa ngoSepthemba 10, 1899 edolobhaneni laseGura-Kalwaria, ngaleso sikhathi elaliyingxenye yoMbuso WaseRussia. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini olula.
Ubaba womculi wakusasa, uGershek Messing, wayeyikholwa futhi engumuntu oqinile. Ngaphezu kweWolf, emndenini kaMessing kwazalwa amanye amadodana amathathu.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Kusukela esemncane, uWolf wahlushwa ukulala. Wayevame ukuzulazula ebuthongweni, ngemuva kwalokho ahlangabezane ne-migraines enzima.
Umfana welashwa ngosizo lwemithi elula yabantu - umcengezi wamanzi abandayo, abekwa ngabazali bakhe eduze kombhede wakhe.
Ngenkathi uMessing eqala ukuphuma embhedeni, izinyawo zakhe zathola ngokushesha emanzini abandayo, lapho avuka khona manjalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwamsiza ukuthi aqede ukuhamba ngezinyawo ingunaphakade.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-6 ubudala, uWolf Messing waqala ukuya esikoleni samaJuda, lapho afunda khona kahle iTalmud futhi bafundisa imithandazo evela kule ncwadi. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi umfana wayenenkumbulo enhle kakhulu.
Ebona amakhono eWolf, urabi waqinisekisa ukuthi lona osemusha uyabelwa eYeshibot, lapho kwakuqeqeshwa khona abefundisi.
Ukufunda ku-Yeshibot akuzange kumnikeze injabulo. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa iminyaka eminingana, wanquma ukubalekela eBerlin eyofuna impilo engcono.
UWolf Messing ungene emotweni yesitimela ngaphandle kwethikithi. Kwakungaleso sikhathi ku-biography yakhe lapho aqala khona ukubonisa amakhono angajwayelekile.
Lapho umhloli eza kule nsizwa futhi ecela ukukhombisa ithikithi, uWolf wambuka ngokucophelela emehlweni akhe futhi wamnikeza iphepha elijwayelekile.
Ngemuva kokuma isikhashana, umqhubi washaya isiqephu sephepha kwangathi yithikithi lesitimela langempela.
Lapho efika eBerlin, uMessing wasebenza njengesithunywa isikhashana, kepha imali ayeyithola yayinganele ngisho nokudla. Wake wakhathala waze waquleka ngokulamba okulambile khona lapho emgwaqeni.
Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi uWolf ushonile, ngenxa yalokho bamthumela emakhazeni. Ngemuva kokulala emakhazeni izinsuku ezintathu, wavele wabuyela ezingqondweni zawo wonke umuntu.
Lapho udokotela wezifo zengqondo waseJalimane u-Abel ezwa ukuthi uMessing wayethambekele ekulaleni ubuthongo obufushane, wayefuna ukumazi. Ngenxa yalokho, udokotela wezifo zengqondo waqala ukufundisa lo mfana ukulawula umzimba wakhe, kanye nokwenza izivivinyo emkhakheni wokufunda ngocingo.
Umsebenzi eYurophu
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, u-Abel wethula uWolf ku-impresario odumile uZelmeister, owamsiza wazithola esemyuziyamu yendawo yemibukiso engavamile.
UMessing wabhekana nomsebenzi olandelayo: ukulala phansi ebhokisini elisobala bese ulele ubuthongo obungaphefumuli. Le nombolo yayidida izethameli, yabangela ukumangala nokuthokoza ngazo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, impisi yabonisa amakhono amangalisayo emkhakheni wokuxhumana ngocingo. Ngandlela thile wakwazi ukubona imicabango yabantu, ikakhulukazi lapho ethinta umuntu ngesandla.
Futhi, umculi ubekwazi ukungena esifundeni lapho engabuzwanga khona ubuhlungu obungokomzimba.
Kamuva, uMessing waqala ukudlala kumaseksi ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi iBus Circus edumile. Inombolo elandelayo yayithandwa kakhulu: abaculi baqala ukubamba inkunzi, ngemuva kwalokho bafihla izinto ezebiwe ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zehholo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uWolf Messing ungene esiteji, wazithola zonke izinto ngokungangabazeki. Le nombolo imlethele udumo olukhulu nokwaziwa ngumphakathi.
Lapho ineminyaka engu-16, le nsizwa yavakashela amadolobha ahlukahlukene aseYurophu, yamangaza izilaleli ngamakhono ayo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu wabuyela ePoland, esevele engumculi odumile futhi ocebile.
Ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II (1939-1945), ubaba kaMessing, abafowabo nezinye izihlobo eziseduze ezinemvelaphi yamaJuda bagwetshwa intambo eMajdanek. UWolf uqobo wakwazi ukubalekela e-USSR.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umama wakhe, uHana, wayeshone eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Umsebenzi eRussia
ERussia, uWolf Messing uqhubeke nokusebenza ngempumelelo ngezinombolo zakhe ezingokwengqondo.
Isikhathi esithile, le ndoda ibiyilungu lamaqembu omkhankaso. Kamuva waklonyeliswa isihloko umculi we-State Concert, okuyinto wamnika eziningi izinzuzo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi phakathi naleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, uMessing wakha umshayeli we-Yak-7 ukuze azongele imali yakhe, ayethula kumshayeli uKonstantin Kovalev. Umshayeli wendiza wandiza ngempumelelo kule ndiza kuze kuphele impi.
Isenzo esinjalo sokushisekela izwe saletha iWolf inkazimulo enkulu nenhlonipho evela kwizakhamizi zaseSoviet.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-telepath yayijwayelene noStalin, owayengathembi amakhono akhe. Kodwa-ke, lapho uMessing ebikezela ukuphahlazeka kwendiza ye-Li-2, lapho indodana yakhe uVasily yayizondiza khona, uMholi Wezizwe waphinde wacubungula imibono yakhe.
Ngendlela, le ndiza, lapho iqembu le-hockey laseSoviet le-Air Force yoMkhandlu Wezempi waseMoscow laphaphalaza, laphahlazeka eduze kwesikhumulo sezindiza saseKoltsovo, eduze naseSverdlovsk. Bonke abadlali beHockey, ngaphandle kukaVsevolod Bobrov, obephuze indiza, bashonile.
Ngemuva kokufa kukaStalin, uNikita Khrushchev waba yinhloko elandelayo ye-USSR. UMessing ubenobudlelwano obushubile nonobhala jikelele omusha.
Lokhu kudalwe ukuthi i-telepath yenqabile ukukhuluma engqungqutheleni yeCPSU ngenkulumo ebilungiselelwe yena. Iqiniso ngukuthi wenza noma yikuphi ukubikezela kuphela lapho enesiqiniseko sako.
Kodwa-ke, ukufunwa kukaNikita Sergeevich "kokubikezela" isidingo sokususa isidumbu sikaStalin emangcwabeni, ngokusho kukaMessing, kwaba yindlela elula yokuthola amaphuzu.
Ngenxa yalokho, uWolf Grigorievich wabhekana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezihambisana nemisebenzi yakhe yokuvakasha. Wavunyelwa ukudlala kuphela emadolobheni amancane nasezigodini, futhi kamuva wavinjelwa ngokuphelele ukuvakasha.
Ngalesi sizathu, uMessing wawela ekucindezelekeni wayeka ukuvela ezindaweni zomphakathi.
Izibikezelo
I-biography yeWolf Messing isongwe ngamahemuhemu amaningi nezinganekwane. Okufanayo kusebenza ezibikezelweni zakhe.
"Izikhumbuzo" zikaMessing, ezashicilelwa ngo-1965 kumagazini i- "Science and Life", zabanga umsindo omkhulu. Njengoba kuvela kamuva, umbhali "wezimemo" empeleni wayeyintatheli edumile ye- "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Mikhail Khvastunov.
Encwadini yakhe, wavuma amaqiniso amaningi asontekile, wanikeza inkululeko yakhe emcabangweni wakhe. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi wakhe wenza abantu abaningi bakhulume ngoWolf Grigorievich futhi.
Eqinisweni, uMessing wayehlala njalo ebheka amakhono akhe ngokombono wesayensi, futhi akazange akhulume ngawo njengezimangaliso.
Umdwebi wasebenza eduze nososayensi abavela e-Institute of the Brain, odokotela nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, ezama ukuthola isizathu sesayensi samathalente akhe angajwayelekile.
Isibonelo, "ukufunda kwengqondo" uWolf Messing uchaze kanjani - ukufunda ukuhamba kwemisipha yobuso. Ngosizo lwe-telepathy yokuxhumana naye, wakwazi ukuzwa ukunyakaza komuntu okuncane kakhulu lapho ehamba ngendlela engafanele ngenkathi efuna into, njalonjalo.
Kodwa-ke, uMessing wayesenezibikezelo eziningi, azisho phambi kofakazi abaningi. Ngakho-ke, walunquma ngokunembile usuku lokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II, kepha, ngokusho kwendawo yesikhathi saseYurophu - Meyi 8, 1945.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kamuva uWolf wathola ukubonga komuntu siqu kuStalin ngalokhu kubikezela.
Futhi, ngenkathi kusayinwa isivumelwano seMoloto-Ribbentrop phakathi kwe-USSR neJalimane, uMessing wathi "ubona amathangi anenkanyezi ebomvu emigwaqweni yaseBerlin."
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1944, uWolf Messing wahlangana no-Aida Rapoport. Kamuva, akazange abe ngumkakhe kuphela, kodwa futhi waba umsizi emidlalweni.
Lezi zithandani zahlala ndawonye kwaze kwaba maphakathi no-1960, lapho u-Aida ebulawa ngumdlavuza. Abangani bathi uMessing naye wayelazi kusengaphambili usuku lokushona kwakhe.
Ngemuva kokushona komkakhe, uWolf Messing washiya kuye futhi kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe wayehlala nodadewabo ka-Aida Mikhailovna, owayemnakekela.
Injabulo kuphela kumculi kwakungu-lapdogs 2, ayemthanda kakhulu.
Ukufa
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, uMessing wahlupheka ngenxa yokushushiswa okukhulu.
Ngisho nangesikhathi sempi, imilenze ye-telepath yalimala, okwathi ekugugeni kwaqala ukumhlupha kaningi. Welashwa kaningi esibhedlela kwaze kwaba yilapho odokotela bemncenga ukuthi aye etafuleni lokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwaba yimpumelelo, kodwa ngasizathu simbe esingaziwa, ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, ngemuva kokuhluleka ukusebenza kwezinso ne-edema yamaphaphu, kwafa. UWolf Grigorievich Messing ushone ngoNovemba 8, 1974 eneminyaka engama-75.
