URobert Ivanovich Rozhdestvensky (igama langempela URobert Stanislavovich Petkevich; 1932-1994) - imbongi nomhumushi waseSoviet nowaseRussia, umbhali wezingoma. Omunye wabamele ngokugqamile besikhathi se- "sixties". Umklomelo we-Lenin Komsomol Prize kanye ne-USSR State Prize.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaRobert Rozhdestvensky, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nansi i-biography emfushane kaRozhdestvensky.
Umlando kaRobert Rozhdestvensky
URobert Rozhdestvensky wazalwa ngoJuni 20, 1932 edolobhaneni lase-Altai laseKosikhe. Ukhulele emndenini olula ongahlangene nezinkondlo. Uyise, uStanislav Petkevich, wayekhonza i-NKVD. Umama, uVera Fedorova, wahola esikoleni sendawo isikhathi esithile, ngenkathi efunda eyunivesithi yezokwelapha.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Imbongi yesikhathi esizayo yathola igama layo ngokuhlonipha inguquko yaseSoviet uRobert Eikhe. Inhlekelele yokuqala ku-biography yomfana yenzeke eneminyaka engu-5, lapho ubaba wakhe enquma ukuhlukanisa nonina.
Lapho Rozhdestvensky eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, kwaqala iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1941-1945). Ngenxa yalokho, ubaba waya phambili, lapho wayala ibutho le-sapper elisezingeni lika-lieutenant.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ivesi lakhe lokuqala - "Ngesibhamu ubaba wami uyahamba ..." (1941), ingane ezinikele kumzali wayo. UStanislav Petkevich ushone ekuqaleni kuka-1945 endaweni yaseLatvia, ngaphandle kokubona ukunqoba kweButho Elibomvu phezu kwamasosha kaHitler.
Unina kaRobert, ngaleso sikhathi owayesethole imfundo yobudokotela, naye wabizwa ukuba azosebenza ebusosheni. Ngenxa yalokho, umfana wakhuliswa ngugogo wakhe ongumama.
Ngo-1943, ugogo wembongi washona, ngemuva kwalokho umama kaRobert wabhalisa indodana yakhe ekhaya lezintandane. Wakwazi ukuyicosha ngemuva kokuphela kwempi. Ngaleso sikhathi, lona wesifazane waphinde washada nesosha langaphambili u-Ivan Rozhdestvensky.
Ubaba wokutholwa akazange anikeze indodana yakhe angayizali isibongo sakhe kuphela, kodwa futhi negama lakhe. Ngemuva kokunqoba amaNazi, uRobert nabazali bakhe bahlala eLeningrad. Ngo-1948 umndeni wathuthela Petrozavodsk. Kwakukulo muzi lapho i-biography yokudala kaRozdestvensky yaqala khona.
Izinkondlo nobuciko
Izinkondlo zokuqala zalo mfana, ezadonsela ukunakekela, zanyatheliswa kumagazini iPetrozavodsk "EBorder" ngo-1950. Ngonyaka olandelayo uphumelela emzameni wesibili wokuba ngumfundi eLitreary Institute. M. Gorky.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu yokufunda eyunivesithi, uRobert wathuthela eMoscow, lapho ahlangana khona nomlobi we-novice u-Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Ngaleso sikhathi, uRozhdestvensky wayesevele eseshicilele amaqoqo akhe amabili ezinkondlo - i- "Test" ne "Flags of Spring", waphinde waba umbhali wenkondlo ethi "My Love".
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umlobi wayethanda ezemidlalo futhi waze wathola imikhakha yokuqala volleyball kanye basketball. Ngo-1955, okokuqala ngqa, ingoma ethi "Iwindi Lakho" yayisuselwa emavesini kaRobert.
Eminyakeni eyalandela yomlando wakhe, uRozhdestvensky uzobhala amagama amaningi ezingoma ezizokwaziwa futhi ziculwe yizwe lonke: "Ingoma Yabavukeli Abangaphumeleli", "Ngishayele, Shayela", "Kwenye indawo kude" nabanye abaningi. Ngenxa yalokho, waba omunye izimbongi abanamakhono kakhulu e-USSR, kanye Akhmadulina, Voznesensky kanye Yevtushenko efanayo.
Umsebenzi wokuqala kaRobert Ivanovich wagcwala "imibono yaseSoviet", kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izinkondlo zakhe zaqala ukuba nezingoma eziningi. Kunemisebenzi lapho kunakwa kakhulu imizwa yomuntu, kufaka phakathi okubaluleke kakhulu kuyo - uthando.
Izinkondlo ezazigqame kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi kwakungu "Owesifazane oyedwa", "Uthando selufikile" nokuthi "Yiba buthakathaka, ngiyacela." Ngentwasahlobo ka-1963, uRozhdestvensky waya emhlanganweni owawuphakathi kukaNikita Khrushchev nabamele izazi. UNobhala Jikelele uligxeke kakhulu ivesi lakhe elinesihloko esithi "Yebo, bafana."
Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi imisebenzi kaRobert yeka ukushicilelwa, futhi imbongi uqobo ayisatholi izimemo zokuphindaphinda. Kamuva kwadingeka ashiye inhlokodolobha ayozinza eKyrgyzstan, lapho aziphilisa khona ngokuhumushela olimini lwesiRashiya imisebenzi yabalobi bendawo.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sengqondo ngeRozhdestvensky sathamba. Ngo-1966 waba ngowokuqala ukuthola indondo yeGolden Crown eMkhankasweni Wezinkondlo eMakedoniya. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-70 waklonyeliswa ngeMoscow noLenin Komsomol. Ngo-1976 wakhethwa njengoNobhala we-USSR Writers 'Union, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo waba yilungu le-CPSU.
Phakathi nale minyaka yobuciko, uRobert Rozhdestvensky uqhubeke nokubhala izingoma zezingoma ezenziwa izinkanyezi zase-Russian. Wayengumbhali wamazwi ezingoma ezahlukahlukene ezidumile: "Ama-Moments", "My Years", "Echoes of Love", "The Earth's Gravity", njll.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uRozhdestvensky wabamba uhlelo lwe-TV "iDocumentary Screen", lapho kwakhonjiswa khona izinto zedokhumentari. Ngo-1979 wathola umklomelo wombuso wase-USSR ngomsebenzi wakhe "izinyathelo ezingama-210".
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uRobert Ivanovich wayeyinhloko yekhomishini yefa lobuciko lika-Osip Mandelstam, enza konke okusemandleni ukuvuselela imbongi ecindezelwe. Wayengusihlalo wamaKhomishini ngefa lemibhalo likaMarina Tsvetaeva noVladimir Vysotsky.
Ngo-1993 wayephakathi kwabasayina incwadi ethi “Incwadi Yamashumi Amabili Nambili” eyimpikiswano. Ababhali bayo bafuna ukuthi iziphathimandla ezisanda kukhethwa zivimbele "zonke izinhlobo zamaqembu obuKhomanisi nawobuzwe", "wonke amaqembu ezempi ezingekho emthethweni", kanye nokubeka unswinyo olunzima "ngenkulumo-ze ye-fascism, i-chauvinism, ukucwaswa ngokobuhlanga, ngezikhalazo zodlame nesihluku."
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umfazi wembongi uRozdestvensky wayengumgxeki wezobuciko nomculi u-Alla Kireeva, owanikezela izinkondlo eziningi kuye. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana wawunamadodakazi amabili - u-Ekaterina noKsenia.
Ukufa
Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90, uRozhdestvensky watholakala ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni. Wahlinzwa ngempumelelo eFrance, ngenxa yalokho wakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engaba ngu-4. URobert Rozhdestvensky washona ngo-Agasti 19, 1994 eneminyaka engama-62. Imbangela yokufa komlobi kwaba yisifo senhliziyo.
Izithombe zeRozhdestvensky
