Ngubani u-Ombudsman

Ngubani u-Ombudsman akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo. I-Ombudsman ayisona isakhamuzi noma, emazweni athile, isikhulu esiphathiswe imisebenzi yokuqapha ukugcinwa kwamalungelo asemthethweni nezintshisekelo zezakhamizi emisebenzini yeziphathimandla eziphezulu kanye nezikhulu.

Ngamazwi alula, i-Ombudsman ivikela izakhamizi ezejwayelekile ekuziphatheni okubi kukahulumeni. Imisebenzi yakhe kuhulumeni ilawulwa ngumthetho ofanele.

Ngubani u-Ombudsman

Ngokokuqala ngqá kwethulwa isikhundla se-ombudsman ePhalamende eSweden ngo-1809. Wayebandakanyeka ekuvikeleni amalungelo abantu abavamile.

Ezifundazweni eziningi, isikhundla esinjalo sivele kuphela ngekhulu lama-21. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kusuka eSweden igama elithi "ombudsman" lisho "omele izintshisekelo zomunye umuntu."

Lesi sikhundla singaba neziqu ezahlukahlukene emazweni ahlukene. Isibonelo, eRussia, i-ombudsman isho umuntu - i-ombudsman yamalungelo abantu. Kodwa-ke, noma kunjalo, umuntu ophethe lesi sikhundla unentshisekelo yokuvikela amalungelo abantu abavamile.

Imvamisa, u-ombudsman uqokwa yisishayamthetho isikhathi esithile.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Ombudsman ayinalo ilungelo lokuzibandakanya kunoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi okhokhelwayo, ukwenza ibhizinisi noma ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi kahulumeni, ngaphandle kwesayensi nokufundisa.

Imaphi amandla i-Ombudsman anayo eRussia?

ERussia Federation, i-Ombudsman yavela ngonyaka we-1994. Namuhla, imisebenzi yakhe ilawulwa ngumthetho kaFebhuwari 26, 1997 No. 1-FKZ.

Imisebenzi namalungelo o-Ombudsman waseRussia afaka okulandelayo:

1. Ukucutshungulwa kwezikhalazo ngezenzo (zokungenzi) izikhulu. Unelungelo lokuzihlelela mathupha amasheke uma kwenzeka kwephulwa kabi amalungelo omphakathi.
2. Ukunxuswa kwabasebenzi bakahulumeni ngenhloso yokubambisana noma ukucaciselwa kwezimo ezithile. U-Ombudsman angacela imibhalo noma afune izincazelo ezenzweni zabasebenzi.
3. Isidingo sokuphenya ngokuphelele, imibono yochwepheshe, njll.
4. Ukuthola ukufinyelela ekujwayelaneni nezinto zamacala asenkantolo.
5. Ukubhaliswa kwezicelo zomthetho.
6. Ukwenza imibiko eqenjini lephalamende.
7. Ukwakhiwa kwekhomishini yasePhalamende yokuphenya icala eliphathelene nokwephulwa komthetho okuphathelene nezakhamizi ezejwayelekile.
8. Ukusiza abantu ukuthi bakhuphule izinga lokuqwashisa ngomthetho, kanye nokubakhumbuza ngamalungelo nezibopho zabo zomthetho.

Noma ngubani, kufaka phakathi ngisho nowokufika, angacela usizo ku-Ombudsman. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanelekile ukufaka isikhalazo ngaye kuphela uma kwenzeka ezinye izindlela zomthetho zibonakala zingasebenzi.

Wenzani umphenyi wezikhalazo wezezimali

Ku-2018, uMbuso Duma weRussian Federation wethule isikhundla esisha ezweni - uKhomishani Wamalungelo Abathengi Bezinsizakalo Zezezimali. Lo khomishani ngumphenyi wezezimali.

Kusukela ngoJuni 1, 2019, umphenyi wezezimali ubophezelekile ukuthola ukuvumelana phakathi kwezakhamizi nezinhlangano zomshuwalense ngaphansi kwezivumelwano ezilandelayo:

• I-CASCO ne-DSAGO (umshuwalense wokuzibophezela ngokuzithandela wezimoto) - uma inani lezimangalo lingadluli ama-ruble ayi-500,000;
• I-OSAGO (Umshwalense ophoqelekile wemoto ovela eceleni).

I-OSAGO Ombudsman iphenya amacala endawo yempahla kuphela. Isibonelo, uma bengafuni ukwenza isivumelwano somshuwalense nawe, kufanele uye enkantolo, hhayi kumuntu ogunyaziwe.

Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kusuka ngoJanuwari 1, 2020, umphenyi wezezimali uzophinde axazulule izingxabano nama-MFIs, futhi ngo-2021 - namabhange, ama-cooperatives ezikweletu, ama-pawnshops kanye nezikhwama zempesheni ezizimele.

Ungafaka isikhalazo ku-Ombudsman Wezezimali kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni - finombudsman.ru.

Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

• Fakela isikhalazo kumshwalense ngokubhala phansi bese ulinda impendulo.
• Bheka ukuthi inkampani yomshuwalense ikwiRejista Yezinkampani Esebenzisana No-Ombudsman.

Imvamisa kuthatha amasonto amabili ukuthi isikhalazo sicubungulwe.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, u-ombudsman ungumvikeli wamalungelo nezintshisekelo zezakhamizi ezijwayelekile. Ubheka izingxabano futhi uzama ukuthola ukuvumelana phakathi kwabantu nezikhulu.

Abameli abanolwazi namuhla abasavumelani ngokuthi ngabe i-Ombudsman inenkululeko yangempela yini. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke kungaphazamisa ukulalelwa okulungile.

Bukela ividiyo: What is the Financial Ombudsman Service (Septhemba 2025).