Umhlaba weSannikov (Umhlaba waseSannikov) "uyisiqhingi esiyisipoki" oLwandle i-Arctic, okusolwa ukuthi abanye abacwaningi basibona ngekhulu le-19 (Yakov Sannikov) enyakatho neNew Siberian Islands. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kube nezimpikiswano ezibucayi phakathi kososayensi iminyaka eminingi maqondana neqiniso lesiqhingi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngomlando nezimfihlakalo zeSannikov Land.
Umbono kaJakov Sannikov
Imibiko yokuqala emayelana neSannikov Land njengesiqeshana esihlukile somhlaba yavela ngo-1810. Umbhali wabo kwakungumzingeli ongumthengisi nezimpungushe uYakov Sannikov. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le ndoda ibingumhloli wamazwe onolwazi owayekwazile ukuthola iStolbovoy neFadeisky Islands eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule.
Ngakho-ke, lapho uSannikov ememezela ukuthi kukhona "umhlaba omkhulu", amazwi akhe anakwa kakhulu. Umthengisi wathi wabona "izintaba zamatshe" ngaphezulu kolwandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona namanye "amaqiniso" weqiniso lamazwe amakhulu asenyakatho. Ososayensi sebeqalile ukubuka izinyoni ezifudukayo ezifudukela enyakatho entwasahlobo bese zibuya nezingane zazo ekwindla. Njengoba izinyoni zazingakwazi ukuhlala ezimweni ezibandayo, kwakukhona imibono ngokuya ngokuthi iSannikov Land yayivundile futhi inesimo sezulu esifudumele.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ochwepheshe babedidekile ngalo mbuzo: "Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi kube nezimo ezikahle zokuphila endaweni ebanda kangaka?" Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amanzi alezi ziqhingi aboshwe yiqhwa cishe unyaka wonke.
Umhlaba kaSannikov uvuse intshisekelo enkulu hhayi kuphela kubacwaningi, kepha naphakathi kuka-Emperor Alexander III, othembise ukunika lesi siqhingi noma ngubani ozovula. Kamuva, kwahlelwa imikhankaso eminingi, lapho uSannikov ngokwakhe ahlanganyela khona, kodwa akekho owakwazi ukuthola lesi siqhingi.
Ucwaningo lwesimanje
Ngesikhathi seSoviet, kwenziwa imizamo emisha yokuthola umhlaba waseSannikov. Ngalokhu, uhulumeni wathumela umkhumbi ophihliza iqhwa "uSadko" ohambweni. Umkhumbi "useshe" yonke indawo yamanzi lapho bekufanele ukuba khona isiqhingi esidumile, kepha asitholanga lutho.
Ngemuva kwalokho, izindiza zabamba iqhaza ekusesheni, nakho okungakwazanga ukufinyelela enhlosweni yabo. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni iSannikov Land yamenyezelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ayikho.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi banamuhla, lesi siqhingi esiyinsumansumane, njengezinye iziqhingi eziningi zase-Arctic, sakhiwa hhayi ngamatshe, kodwa sakhiwa eqhweni, lapho kwasetshenziswa ungqimba lwenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, iqhwa lancibilika, futhi iSannikov Land yanyamalala njengezinye iziqhingi zasendaweni.
Impicabadala yezinyoni ezifudukayo nayo isizuzile. Ososayensi benze uphenyo ngokucophelela ngemizila yokufuduka kwezinyoni futhi bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi yize iningi (90%) lamahansi amhlophe endiza ezifundeni ezifudumele ngomzila "onengqondo", wonke amanye awo (10%) asaqhuba izindiza ezingachazeki, ebeka umzila odlula e-Alaska naseCanada. ...
