Uma umlando waseRussia wawubhalwe ngothisha, hhayi ngabantu, ngabe “konke okwethu” kwakuyikho, ngenhlonipho efanele, hhayi u-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, kodwa uDmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834 - 1907). Usosayensi omkhulu waseRussia ulingana nezinkanyiso zomhlaba zesayensi, kanti iPeriodic Law of Chemical Elements yakhe ingenye yemithetho eyisisekelo yesayensi yemvelo.
Njengomuntu onengqondo ebanzi kakhulu, onengqondo enamandla kakhulu, uMendeleev wayengasebenza ngempumelelo emagatsheni ahlukahlukene esayensi. Ngaphezu kwekhemistri, uDmitry Ivanovich "waphawula" ku-physics ne-aeronautics, isimo sezulu kanye nezolimo, i-metrology kanye nomnotho wezepolitiki. Naphezu kokungeyena umlingisi olula kanye nendlela yokuphikisana kakhulu yokuxhumana nokuvikela imibono yakhe, uMendeleev wayenegunya elingenakuphikwa phakathi kososayensi hhayi eRussia kuphela kodwa nasemhlabeni wonke.
Akunzima ukuthola uhlu lwemisebenzi yesayensi nokutholwa ngu-D.I. Mendeleev. Kodwa kuyathakazelisa ukudlula uhlaka lwemidwebo yezinwele ezinde ezimpunga ezinde futhi uzame ukuqonda ukuthi wayengumuntu onjani uDmitry Ivanovich, ukuthi umuntu wesilinganiso esinjalo wayengavela kanjani kwisayensi yaseRussia, umbono owawenzayo nokuthi ithonya elingakanani uMendeleev ayenalo kulabo ababemzungezile.
1. Ngokwesiko elingaziwa laseRussia, emadodaneni abefundisi anquma ukulandela ezinyathelweni zikayise, munye kuphela owagcina isibongo. Ubaba ka D. I. Mendeleev wafunda esikoleni sobufundisi nabafowabo abathathu. Emhlabeni ngabe bahlala, ngokusho kukayise, amaSokolov. Futhi ngakho kuphela Sokolov umdala wahlala. U-Ivan wathola isibongo uMendeleev emagameni athi "exchange" kanye "to do" - ngokusobala, wayenamandla ekuhwebaneni okwakudumile eRussia. Isibongo wayengekho kubi kunabanye, akekho wabhikisha, futhi uDmitry Ivanovich waphila impilo ehloniphekile naye. Kwathi lapho ezakhela igama kwezesayensi waba ngusosayensi odumile, isibongo sakhe sasiza abanye. Ngo-1880, kwavela intokazi kuMendeleev, owazethula njengomfazi womnikazi womhlaba esifundazweni saseTver ogama lakhe linguMendeleev. Benqaba ukwamukela amadodana Mendeleev e cadet Corps. Ngokokuziphatha kwalesosikhathi, impendulo "yokushoda kwezikhala zemisebenzi" ibithathwa njengesicelo esivulekile sokufumbathisa. AbakwaTver Mendeleev babengenamali, bese kuthi umama ophelelwe yithemba anqume ukusikisela ukuthi ubuholi bezidumbu benqaba ukwamukela abashana bakaMendeleev ezinhlwini zabafundi. Abafana babhaliswa khona lapho emzimbeni, futhi umama ongenabugovu waphuthuma kuDmitry Ivanovich ukuyobika ngokungaziphathi kahle kwakhe. Yikuphi okunye ukuqashelwa kwesibongo sakhe “mbumbulu” uMendeleev angakulindela?
2. Esikhungweni sokuvivinya umzimba, uDima Mendeleev akazange afunde ukuxega noma ukuxega. Ababhali bama-biographer babika ngokungananazi ukuthi wenza kahle kwi-physics, umlando nezibalo, noMthetho kaNkulunkulu, izilimi futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isiLatini, kwakungumsebenzi onzima kuye. Kuliqiniso, ezivivinyweni zokungena eMain Pedagogical Institute for Latin Mendeleev wathola "okune", kanti impumelelo yakhe kwi-physics kanye ne-mathematics ilinganiselwa kumaphoyinti ama-3 no-3 "ngamaphuzu okuhlanganisa", ngokulandelana. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwakwanele ukungena.
3. Kunezinganekwane ngamasiko ezikhulu zeRussia futhi namakhulu amakhasi abhaliwe. UMendeleev naye wabazi. Ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu, wabhala isicelo sokumthumela e-Odessa. Lapho, eRichelieu Lyceum, uMendeleev wayefuna ukulungiselela isivivinyo senkosi. Isicelo sineliswe ngokugcwele, ngunobhala kuphela odidanise amadolobha futhi wathumela iziqu hhayi e-Odessa, kodwa eSimferopol. UDmitry Ivanovich waphonsa ihlazo emnyangweni ohambelana noMnyango Wezemfundo ukuthi lolu daba lwafika kuNgqongqoshe u-A.S.Norov. Akazange ahlukaniswe ngumkhuba wokuhlonipha, wabiza uMendeleev kanye nenhloko yomnyango, futhi ngezinkulumo ezifanele wachazela abangaphansi kwakhe ukuthi babenephutha. Ngemuva kwalokho uNorkin waphoqa amaqembu ukuthi abuyisane. Maye, ngokwemithetho yangaleso sikhathi, noNgqongqoshe akakwazanga ukukhansela i-oda lakhe, kanti uMendeleev waya eSimferopol, yize wonke umuntu avuma ukuthi wayeqinisile.
4. Unyaka ka-1856 waba nezithelo ikakhulukazi empumelelweni yezifundo zikaMendeleev. Lo mfana oneminyaka engu-22 uthathe izivivinyo ezintathu ezibhalwe ngomlomo no-1 ezibhaliwe ze-master degree ekhemistry ngoMeyi. Izinyanga ezimbili zasehlobo, uMendeleev wabhala incwadi, ngoSepthemba 9 wafaka isicelo sokuzivikela, kwathi ngo-Okthoba 21 wakuphumelela ngempumelelo ukuzivikela. Izinyanga eziyi-9, iziqu zayizolo zeMain Pedagogical Institute zaba yiphrofesa osizayo eMnyangweni Wezamakhemikhali eSt.
5. Empilweni yakhe yangasese, uD.Mendeleev wayeguquguquka phakathi kwemizwa nomsebenzi ngomthamo omkhulu. Ngesikhathi sohambo oluya eJalimane ngo-1859-1861, waba nobudlelwano nomlingisi waseJalimane u-Agnes Voigtmann. UVoigtman akazange ashiye mkhondo kwezobuciko beshashalazi, kodwa-ke, uMendeleev wayekude neStanislavsky ekuqapheliseni isenzo esibi futhi iminyaka engu-20 wakhokhela owesifazane waseJalimane ngendodakazi yakhe okusolwa ukuthi wayenza. ERussia, uMendeleev washada nendodakazi yokutholwa yombalisi uPyotr Ershov, uFeozva Leshcheva, futhi wahola impilo enokuthula nomkakhe, owayemdala kuye ngeminyaka eyisithupha. Izingane ezintathu, isikhundla esimisiwe ... Futhi lapha, njengombani ushaya, okokuqala ukuxhumana nomzanyana wendodakazi yakhe, bese kuba yisikhathi esifushane sokuzola nokuthandana no-Anna Popova oneminyaka engu-16. UMendeleev wayeneminyaka engama-42 ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa umehluko wakhe weminyaka awuzange ume. Washiya umkakhe wokuqala waphinde washada.
6. Ukuhlukana nonkosikazi wokuqala nokushada kowesibili eMendeleev kwenzeka ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imiyalo yezincwadi zamanoveli abesifazane ezazingekho ngaleso sikhathi. Kwakunakho konke: ukukhaphela, ukungathandi kwenkosikazi yokuqala ukuhlukanisa, ukusongela ukuzibulala, ukundiza kwesithandwa esisha, isifiso senkosikazi yokuqala ukuthola isinxephezelo sezinto ezinkulu ngangokunokwenzeka, njll. Futhi noma ngabe isehlukaniso samukelwa futhi samukelwa yisonto, kwavela ukuthi uMendeleev wanikezwa ukuphenduka isikhathi esiyiminyaka eyisithupha - ubengeke aphinde ashade ngalesi sikhathi. Enye yezinkinga zaphakade zaseRussia ngalesi sikhathi idlale indima enhle. Ukuze afumbathiswe ama-ruble ayi-10 000, umpristi othile wakushaya indiva ukuphenduka. UMendeleev no-Anna Popova baba yindoda nomfazi. Umpristi wasuswa ngokusemthethweni, kepha umshado waphothulwa ngokomthetho ngokuvumelana nazo zonke izigaba.
7. UMendeleev wabhala incwadi yakhe enhle kakhulu "i-Organic Chemistry" kuphela ngezizathu ze-mercantile. Ebuya eYurophu, wayedinga imali, futhi wanquma ukuthola umklomelo weDemidov, owawuzoklonyeliswa ngencwadi enhle kakhulu yamakhemikhali. Usayizi womklomelo - cishe ama-ruble esiliva ayi-1 500 - kwamangaza uMendeleev. Noma kunjalo, ngemali ephindwe kathathu, bona, no-Alexander Borodin no-Ivan Sechenov, bahamba kahle eParis! UMendeleev wabhala incwadi yakhe ezinyangeni ezimbili futhi wawina umklomelo wokuqala.
8. UMendeleev akazange asungule i-vodka engu-40%! Wabhala ngempela ngo-1864, kwathi ngo-1865 wavikela ithisisi yakhe ethi "On the combination of alcohol with water", kodwa alikho igama mayelana nezifundo zamakhemikhali ezixazululo ezahlukahlukene zotshwala emanzini, futhi nangaphezulu ngomphumela walezi zixazululo kubantu. I-dissertation izinikele ekuguqukeni kobuningi bezixazululo ezinamandla-ezinotshwala ngokuya ngokuhlushwa kotshwala. Izinga eliphansi lamandla ka-38%, aqala ukuhlanganisa afinyelela ku-40%, lavunywa yisinqumo esiphakeme ngo-1863, unyaka ngaphambi kokuba usosayensi omkhulu waseRussia aqale ukubhala incwadi yakhe. Ngo-1895, uMendeleev wayehileleke ngokungaqondile ekulawuleni ukukhiqizwa kwe-vodka - wayeyilungu lekhomishini kahulumeni yokuhlehlisa ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwe-vodka. Kodwa-ke, kule khomishini uMendeleev ubhekane nezindaba zezomnotho kuphela: izintela, intela yezimpahla, njll. Isihloko esithi "umsunguli wama-40%" sanikezwa uMendeleev nguWilliam Pokhlebkin. Isazi esinekhono lokupheka nesazi-mlando seluleke uhlangothi lwaseRussia ngokubanga nabakhiqizi bangaphandle ngomkhiqizo we-vodka. Kungaba ukukhohlisa ngamabomu, noma ukungaluhlaziyi ngokuphelele ulwazi olutholakalayo, uPokhlebkin wathi ivodka yayiqhutshwa eRussia kusukela endulo, kanti uMendeleev wazisungulela mathupha isilinganiso esingu-40%. Isitatimende sakhe asihambisani neqiniso.
9. UMendeleev wayeyindoda ethanda ukonga kakhulu, kepha ngaphandle kobuvama obujwayele ukuvela kubantu abanjalo. Ngokucophelela wabala futhi waqopha kuqala ezakhe bese ebhala izindleko zomndeni. Kuthintwe isikole sikamama, esasisebenza ngokuzimela emndenini womndeni, sizama ukugcina impilo ehloniphekile enemali ephansi kakhulu. UMendeleev wezwa isidingo semali kuphela eminyakeni yakhe yobusha. Kamuva, wama ngezinyawo zakhe, kepha umkhuba wokulawula ezezimali zakhe, egcina amabhuku ezimali, wasala noma ethola ama-ruble amakhulu angama-25,000 ngonyaka ngomholo kasolwazi kasenyuvesi wama-ruble ayi-1 200.
10. Angeke kushiwo ukuthi uMendeleev wazidonsela kuye izinkathazo, kepha kukhona ama-adventures anele atholakele kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka empilweni yakhe. Isibonelo, ngo-1887 waya esibhakabhakeni ngebhaluni lomoya oshisayo ukuze abone ukusitheka kwelanga. Ngaleyo minyaka, lokhu kusebenza kwakungasho lutho, futhi ngisho nososayensi uqobo wayezazi kahle izakhiwo zamagesi futhi abale ukuphakanyiswa kwamabhaluni. Kodwa ukusithwa kwelanga kwathatha imizuzu emibili, kanti uMendeleev wandizela ebhaluni wabe esebuya izinsuku ezinhlanu, wafaka inhlabamkhosi enkulu kubathandekayo bakhe.
11. Ngo-1865 uMendeleev wathenga indawo iBoblovo esifundazweni saseTver. Le ndawo yadlala indima enkulu empilweni kaMendeleev nomndeni wakhe. UDmitry Ivanovich waphatha ipulazi ngendlela yesayensi, enengqondo. Ukuthi wazi kahle kangakanani amafa akhe kuboniswa ngencwadi engathunyelwanga egcinwe, ngokusobala eya kulowo ongaba yikhasimende. Kuyacaca kuwo ukuthi iMendeleev ayazi nje kuphela indawo ehlala ehlathini, kodwa futhi iyazi ngobudala namandla angaba khona kumasayithi ayo ahlukahlukene. Usosayensi ubala izakhiwo ezakhiwe ngaphandle (konke okusha, kumbozwe ngensimbi), izinsiza kusebenza ezahlukahlukene zezolimo, kubandakanya "i-American thresher", izinkomo namahhashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uprofesa waseSt. Petersburg uze akhulume ngabathengisi abathengisa imikhiqizo yefa nezindawo lapho kunenzuzo enkulu ukuqasha abasebenzi. UMendeleev wayengeyena owazi ukubalwa kwezimali. Ulinganisela ifa kuma-ruble angama-36,000, kuthi kwabangu-20 000 avume ukubolekwa imali ngo-7% ngonyaka.
12. UMendeleev wayengumshisekeli wangempela. Uvikele izintshisekelo zeRussia njalo nakuyo yonke indawo, engawenzi umehluko phakathi kombuso nezakhamizi zawo. UDmitry Ivanovich wayengamthandi usokhemisi odumile u-Alexander Pel. Yena, ngokusho kukaMendeleev, wayemncoma kakhulu kwiziphathimandla zaseNtshonalanga. Kodwa-ke, lapho inkampani yaseJalimane i-Schering yeba ku-Pel igama lomuthi iSpermin, elenziwe ngokukhishwa kwezindlala zesilwane, uMendeleev kwakufanele asongele amaJalimane kuphela. Ngokushesha bashintsha igama lomuthi wabo wokwenziwa.
13. Ithebula lezikhathi zamakhemikhali likaDkt Mendeleev laliyizithelo zeminyaka yakhe eminingi yokufunda izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, futhi alizange livele njengomphumela wokubamba ngekhanda iphupho. Ngokwezimemo zezihlobo zikasosayensi, ngoFebhuwari 17, 1869, ngesikhathi sokudla kwasekuseni, wavele wacabanga futhi waqala ukubhala okuthile ngemuva kwencwadi ezafika (incwadi evela kuNobhala weFree Economic Society, uHodnen, yahlonishwa). Khona-ke uDmitry Ivanovich wakhipha amakhadi ebhizinisi amaningana ekhabetheni futhi waqala ukubhala amagama ezakhi zamakhemikhali kubo, endleleni ebeka amakhadi ngendlela yetafula. Kusihlwa, ngesisekelo sokucabanga kwakhe, usosayensi wabhala isihloko, asidlulisela kozakwabo uNikolai Menshutkin ukuze asifunde ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, okunye kokutholwa okukhulu kakhulu emlandweni wesayensi kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Ukubaluleka koMthetho Wezikhathi kwagcwaliseka kuphela ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka, lapho izakhi ezintsha "ezazibikezelwe" ngetafula zatholwa kancane kancane, noma izakhiwo zalabo abase betholakele kakade zacaciswa.
14. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, uMendeleev wayengumuntu onzima kakhulu. Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo okusheshayo kwethusa ngisho nomndeni wakhe, ukungasho lutho ngezihlobo ezahlala zihlala nabakwaMendeleev. Ngisho no-Ivan Dmitrievich, owayethanda uyise, ukhuluma ngememori yakhe ukuthi amalungu omndeni acashe kanjani emakhoneni efulethi likaprofesa eSt. Petersburg noma endlini eseBoblov. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukubikezela isimo sengqondo sikaDmitry Ivanovich, kuncike ezintweni ezicishe zingabonakali. Nangu, ngemuva kwesidlo sasekuseni esingajabule, elungiselela ukuya emsebenzini, uthola ukuthi ihembe lakhe li-ayinawe, ngokombono wakhe, kabi. Lokhu kwanele ukuthi indawo embi iqale ngokuthuka incekukazi nenkosikazi. Indawo yesehlakalo ihambisana nokuphonsa wonke amahembe akhona ephaseji. Kubukeka sengathi okungenani sekuzoqala ukuhlaselwa. Kodwa manje sekudlule imizuzu emihlanu, futhi uDmitry Ivanovich usevele ucela intethelelo kumkakhe nentombazane, ukuthula nokuthula kubuyiselwe. Kuze kube yisigcawu esilandelayo.
Ngo-1875, uMendeleev wasungula ukwakhiwa kwekhomishini yesayensi yokuhlola abanamadlozi abathandwa kakhulu nabanye abahleli bezinhlaka zezenkolo. Ikhomishini yenze izivivinyo khona kanye efulethini likaDmitry Ivanovich. Vele, ikhomishini ayibutholanga obunye ubufakazi bezinto ezenziwa yimikhosi yamanye amazwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uMendeleev wethule inkulumo ezenzakalelayo (ayengayithandi kangako) eRussia Technical Society. Ikhomishini yaqedela umsebenzi wayo ngonyaka we-1876, yehlula ngokuphelele "abaMoya". Okwamangaza uMendeleev nozakwabo, ingxenye yomphakathi "okhanyiselwe" yagxeka umsebenzi wekhomishini. Ikhomishini yaze yathola nezincwadi ezivela kubafundisi besonto! Usosayensi uqobo wayekholelwa ukuthi ikhomishini kwakufanele isebenze okungenani ukuze ibone ukuthi lingaba likhulu kangakanani inani lalabo abenza amaphutha nabakhohlisiwe.
16. UDmitry Ivanovich wayezonda izinguquko embusweni wezombusazwe. Wayekholelwa ngokufanele ukuthi noma iyiphi inguquko ayigcini nje ngokuyeka noma iphonsa emuva inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okukhiqiza omphakathi. Inguquko njalo, ngqo noma ngokungaqondile, iqoqa isivuno sayo phakathi kwamadodana amahle kakhulu e-Fatherland. Abafundi bakhe ababili abenza kahle kakhulu babengabavukeli abangaba khona u-Alexander Ulyanov noNikolai Kibalchich. Bobabili balengiswa ngezikhathi ezingafani ngenxa yokubamba iqhaza emizameni yempilo yombusi.
17. UDmitry Ivanovich wayevame ukuya phesheya. Ingxenye yokuhambela kwakhe phesheya, ikakhulukazi ebusheni bakhe, ichazwa ilukuluku lakhe lesayensi. Kepha kaningi kwakudingeka ashiye iRussia ngenhloso yokumela. UMendeleev wayekhuluma kahle kakhulu, futhi nangokulungiselela okuncane, wethula izinkulumo ezinezimbali ezimnandi. Ngo-1875, ukukhuluma kahle kukaMendeleev kwaguqula uhambo olujwayelekile lwethimba laseSt. Petersburg University laya eHolland laba umkhosi womkhosi wamasonto amabili. Kwabungazwa iminyaka engu-400 yeLeiden University, futhi uDmitry Ivanovich wahalalisela ozakwabo abangamaDashi ngenkulumo enjalo kangangokuba ithimba laseRussia lagcwala izimemo zokuya edilini nakumaholide. Emhlanganweni wokwamukela inkosi, uMendeleev wayehlezi phakathi kwezikhulu zegazi. Ngokusho kososayensi uqobo, konke eHolland bekukuhle kakhulu, kuphela "yi-Ustatok enqobile".
18. Cishe okukodwa okushiwo enkulumweni eyunivesithi kwenza uMendeleev waba ngumuntu olwa namaSemite. Ngo-1881, iziyaluyalu zabafundi zacasulwa eMthethweni - uhlobo lombiko waminyaka yonke womphakathi - waseSt. Abafundi abangamakhulu amaningana, ababehlelwe abafundi ekilasini uP. Podbelsky noL. Kogan-Bernstein, bahlukumeza ubuholi benyuvesi, kwathi omunye wabafundi washaya owayenguNgqongqoshe Wezemfundo Yomphakathi ngaleso sikhathi u-A. A. Saburov. UMendeleev akazange athukuthele ngisho nangeqiniso lokuhlambalaza uNgqongqoshe, kodwa nokuthi ngisho abafundi abangathathi hlangothi noma abafundi abathembekile kuziphathimandla basivumile lesi senzo esinyanyekayo. Ngakusasa, enkulumweni ehleliwe, uDmitry Ivanovich wasuka esihlokweni wafunda isiphakamiso esifushane sabafundi, asiphetha ngamagama athi "AmaKogan akuzona izikhohlisi zethu" (I-Russian encane. "Ayithandiwe"). Umugqa oqhubekayo womphakathi wabila futhi wabhonga, uMendeleev waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye inkambo yezinkulumo.
19. Ngemuva kokushiya inyuvesi, uMendeleev waqala ukwakha nokwakha impuphu engenantuthu.Ngikuthathile, njengenjwayelo, kahle nangokuzibophezela. Waya eYurophu - ngegunya lakhe kwakungekho sidingo sokuhlola, wonke umuntu wakhombisa konke uqobo. Iziphetho ezitholwe ngemuva kohambo bezingacacile - udinga ukuza nesibhamu sakho. Kanye nozakwabo, uMendeleev akavelanga nje iresiphi nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-pyrocollodion gunpowder, kodwa futhi waqala ukuklama isitshalo esikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, amasosha asemakomitini nasemakhomishini asho kalula ngisho nesinyathelo esivela kuMendeleev uqobo. Akekho owathi ukuqhuma kwezibhamu akulungile, akekho owaphikisa izitatimende zikaMendeleev. Ukuthi ngandlela thile kunje ngaso sonke isikhathi kuvele ukuthi kukhona okwakungakabi yisikhathi, okungukuthi, okubaluleke ukudlula ukunakekelwa. Ngenxa yalokho, amasampula nobuchwepheshe bebiwe yimpimpi yaseMelika eyabanikeza ilungelo lobunikazi ngokushesha. Kwakungo-1895, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engama-20, ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iRussia yathenga impuphu engenantuthu eMelika ngezimalimboleko zaseMelika. Kepha manumzane, abasebenza ngezikhali abavumanga ukuthi izipani zomphakathi zizifundise ukukhiqizwa kwesibhamu.
20. Kutholakale ngokuthembekile ukuthi azikho izinzalo eziphilayo zikaDmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev osele eRussia. Owokugcina kubo, umzukulu wendodakazi yakhe yokugcina uMaria, owazalwa ngo-1886, washona kungekudala esikhathini esedlule kusuka enhlekeleleni yaphakade yamadoda aseRussia. Mhlawumbe inzalo kasosayensi omkhulu ihlala eJapane. Indodana kaMendeleev emshadweni wakhe wokuqala, uVladimir, itilosi lasolwandle, wayenenkosikazi esemthethweni eJapan, ngokomthetho waseJapan. Amatilosi angaphandle angabe esesikhashana, ngesikhathi sokuhlala komkhumbi ethekwini, angashada nabesifazane baseJapan. Unkosikazi wesikhashana kaVladimir Mendeleev wabizwa ngoTaka Khidesima. Wabeletha indodakazi, futhi uDmitry Ivanovich wayevame ukuthumela imali eJapane ukusekela umzukulu wakhe. Akukho lwazi oluthembekile mayelana nesiphetho esengeziwe sikaTako nendodakazi yakhe u-Ofuji.
