Ukwahlulela ngempilo yanamuhla, umuntu angacabanga ukuthi ikhofi belihamba nomuntu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo zomlando. Ikhofi liphekelwa ekhaya nasemsebenzini liphakelwe nasezitolo zomgwaqo nasezitolo zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Cishe alikho ibhulokhi yokukhangisa kuthelevishini eliphelele ngaphandle kwevidiyo mayelana nesiphuzo esinomfutho esiqabulayo. Kubukeka sengathi bekulokhu kunje - akekho okudingeka achaze ukuthi iyini ikhofi.
Kepha empeleni, ngokusho kobufakazi bangenkathi ephakathi, isiko laseYurophu lokuphuza ikhofi lalineminyaka engama-400 ubudala - inkomishi yokuqala yalesi siphuzo yenziwa e-Italy ngo-1620. Ikhofi lincane kakhulu, okusho ukuthi, lilethwe eMelika, ugwayi, amazambane, utamatisi nommbila. Mhlawumbe itiye, imbangi enkulu yekhofi, lavela eYurophu ngemuva kwesikhashana. Ngalesi sikhathi, ikhofi selibe ngumkhiqizo okufanele ube nawo emakhulwini ezigidi zabantu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi okungenani abantu abayizigidi ezingama-500 baqala usuku lwabo ngenkomishi yekhofi.
Ikhofi lenziwa ngobhontshisi wekhofi, okuyimbewu yezithelo zezihlahla zekhofi. Ngemuva kwezinqubo ezilula - ukuwasha, ukomisa nokuwosa - izinhlamvu zigaywa zibe yimpuphu. Yile mpuphu, equkethe izinto ezisebenzisekayo nezinto ezilandelwayo, futhi yenziwe ukuze ithole isiphuzo esivuselelayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kuye kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza ikhofi esheshayo engadingi ukulungiswa okude nobunzima. Futhi ukuthandwa nokutholakala kwekhofi, kuhambisana nebhizinisi lomuntu, kudale amakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zalesi siphuzo.
1. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zibala endle izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-90 zezihlahla zekhofi, kodwa ezimbili kuphela "ezifuywayo" zazo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo: i-Arabica neRobusta. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo azibali ngisho i-2% yenani eliphelele lokukhiqizwa kwekhofi. Ngokulandelayo, phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-elite, i-Arabica ihamba phambili - ikhiqizwa ngokuphindwe kabili kuneRobusta. Ukuyenza lula ngangokunokwenzeka, singasho ukuthi i-arabica, empeleni, iyinambithe nephunga lekhofi, i-robusta ukuqina nobumuncu besiphuzo. Noma iyiphi ikhofi lomhlabathi emashalofini ezitolo liyingxube ye-Arabica neRobusta.
2. Amazwe akhiqizayo (kukhona angama-43) nabangenisa ikhofi (33) babumbene kwi-International Coffee Organisation (ICO). Izizwe ezingamalungu e-ICO zilawula u-98% wokukhiqizwa kwekhofi kanye no-67% wokusetshenziswa. Umehluko ezinombolweni uchazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi i-ICO ayifaki i-United States neChina, ezidla inani elikhulu lekhofi. Ngaphandle kwezinga eliphakeme lokumelwa, i-ICO, ngokungafani ne-OPEC kawoyela, ayinamthelela ekukhiqizeni noma kuzintengo zekhofi. Inhlangano iyi-hybrid yehhovisi lezibalo kanye nensizakalo yokuthumela ngeposi.
3. Ikhofi lafika eYurophu eXVII futhi lacishe laqashelwa kuqala isigaba sabantu abahloniphekile, labe selilula ngabantu. Kodwa-ke, iziphathimandla, ezomnotho nezingokomoya, zasiphatha kabi kakhulu lesi siphuzo esivuselelayo. Amakhosi nopapa, ama-sultan nezikhulu, ama-burgomasters kanye nemikhandlu yedolobha bathathe izikhali zokwenza ikhofi. Ngokuphuza ikhofi, bahlawuliswa, bajeziswa, impahla yathathwa futhi yabulawa. Noma kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njalo nakuyo yonke indawo, kwavela ukuthi ikhofi, naphezu kokuvinjelwa nokusolwa, selibe ngesinye seziphuzo ezidume kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yiGreat Britain neTurkey, okusaphuza itiye kakhulu kunekhofi.
4. Njengoba nje uwoyela ulinganiswa emigqonyeni yokuqala engaqondakali, amanani ekhofi alinganiswa emasakeni (ezikhwameni) - ubhontshisi wekhofi ngokwesiko upakishwa emasakeni anesisindo esingama-60 kg. Okungukuthi, umyalezo wokuthi eminyakeni yamuva nje ukukhiqizwa kwekhofi emhlabeni kushintshile esifundeni sezikhwama eziyizigidi eziyi-167 - 168 kusho ukuthi kukhiqizwa cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-10.
5. "Ukuthepha", empeleni, kungalunga kakhulu ukubiza "ikhofi". Isiko lokuthokozisa uweta ngemali lavela ezindlini zekhofi zesiNgisi ngekhulu le-18. Kwakunamakhulu ezitolo zekhofi emuva ngaleso sikhathi, futhi namanje, ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu, abakwazanga ukubhekana nokutheleka kwamakhasimende. ELondon, amatafula ahlukene aqala ukuvela ezindlini zekhofi lapho ikhofi lalingatholwa khona ngaphandle kolayini. Lawa matafula ayenezinkomishi zikabhiya wethini ezazinamagama athi “To insure service prompt” kuwo. Indoda ethile yaphosa uhlamvu embizeni, yakhala, futhi uweta waletha ikhofi kule tafula, ephoqa amakhasimende ajwayelekile ukuthi akhothe izindebe zawo. Ngakho-ke oweta bazitholela ilungelo lomvuzo owengeziwe, oteketiswa, ngombhalo osemugini, AMACEBISO. ERussia, ikhofi ngaleso sikhathi laliphuzwa esigodlweni sasebukhosini kuphela, ngakho-ke ubulili "obungeziwe" noma umlindi waqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "ithiphu". Futhi eNgilandi uqobo, baqala ukuphuza itiye emathilomu kuphela eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva.
6. IRwanda idume kabi njengezwe lase-Afrika, lapho kwabulawa khona abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ngonyaka we-1994 ngezinhlanga. Kepha kancane kancane abantu baseRwanda bayayinqoba imiphumela yaleyo nhlekelele futhi bakhe kabusha umnotho, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ikhofi. U-2/3 wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eRwanda ikhofi. Abaningi bazocabanga ukuthi umnotho ojwayelekile wase-Afrika osuselwa kuzinsizakusebenza oncike kuphela enanini lentengo yempahla yawo eyinhloko. Kepha maqondana neRwanda, lo mbono awulungile. Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, iziphathimandla zaleli lizwe zikhuthaze ngenkuthalo ukwenziwa ngcono kwekhwalithi kabhontshisi wekhofi. Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili banikezwa izinhlobo zezithombo ezikhethiwe mahhala. Baklonyeliswa ngamabhayisikili nezinye izinto zikanokusho kuleli zwe elihlwempu. Abalimi abawuniki abathengi ubhontshisi wekhofi, kepha basho iziteshi zokuwasha (ubhontshisi wekhofi uyagezwa ngezigaba eziningana, futhi lona ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu). Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela ukuthi uma amanani aphansi omhlaba ekhofi ehle ngesigamu kule minyaka engama-20 edlule, intengo yokuthengwa kwekhofi yaseRwanda iphindwe kabili ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kusencane ngokuhlobene nabanye abakhiqizi abahamba phambili, kepha lokhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusho ukuthi kukhona indawo yokukhula.
7. Kusukela ngo-1771 kuya ku-1792, iSweden yabuswa yiNkosi uGustav III, umzala kaCatherine II. Inkosi yayiyindoda ekhanyiselwe kakhulu, abaseSweden bambiza ngokuthi "INkosi Enkulu Yokugcina". Wethula inkululeko yokukhuluma neyenkolo eSweden, waxhasa ezobuciko nesayensi. Uhlasele iRussia - iyiphi inkosi enkulu yaseSweden ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa kweRussia? Kepha noma kunjalo wakhombisa ukuba nengqondo kwakhe - ngokunqoba ngokusemthethweni impi yokuqala, waphetha ngokushesha ukuthula nobumbano lokuzivikela nomzala wakhe. Kepha njengoba wazi, kunembobo esalukazini. Kukho konke ukuqonda kwakhe, uGustav III, ngasizathu simbe, wayezonda itiye nekhofi futhi walwa nabo ngazo zonke izindlela. Futhi abasebukhosini babevele beyimilutha yeziphuzo zaphesheya kwezilwandle futhi bengafuni ukuziyeka, yize behlawuliswa futhi bejeziswa. Ngemuva kwalokho uGustav III wahamba ngenkulumo-ze: wayala ukuthi kwenziwe ucwaningo ngamawele amabili agwetshwe intambo. Abazalwane basindiswa izimpilo zabo ngenxa yesibopho sokuphuza izinkomishi ezintathu ngosuku: itiye elilodwa, elinye ikhofi. Isiphetho esikahle sesilingo senkosi kwaba ukufa okusheshayo "komfowethu wekhofi" wokuqala (uGustav III wayezonda ikhofi kakhulu), kwalandela umfowabo, owagwetshwa itiye. Kodwa abafa kuqala kwakungodokotela ababengamele "ukuhlolwa komtholampilo." Kwabe sekuyithuba likaGustav III, kodwa-ke, ukuhlanzeka kokuhlolwa kwephuliwe - inkosi yadutshulwa. Futhi abafowethu baqhubeka bedla itiye nekhofi. Owokuqala washona eneminyaka engama-83, owesibili waphila isikhathi eside nangaphezulu.
8. E-Ethiopia, okuthi, njengamanye amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika, angashiseki kakhulu emkhakheni wezokukhucululwa kwendle kanye nenhlanzeko, ikhofi yilona khambi lokuqala futhi elicishe libe ikhambi lemvelo lezinkinga zesisu uma kwenzeka lifakwa ushevu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphuzi ikhofi ukuze belashwe. Ikhofi eligayiwe elijijile lixutshwa noju bese ingxube evelayo idliwe ngesipuni. Ubungako benhlanganisela buyahlukahluka kuye ngesifunda, kepha imvamisa kuba ingxenye eyodwa yekhofi kuya ezingxenyeni ezimbili zoju.
9. Kuyaye kuthiwe yize i-caffeine iqanjwe ngegama lekhofi, amaqabunga etiyi aqukethe i-caffeine eningi kunebhontshisi yekhofi. Ukuqhubeka kwalesi sitatimende kungathula ngamabomu noma kuminza ngokumangala. Lokhu kuqhubeka kubaluleke kakhulu kunesitatimende sokuqala: okungenani kune-caffeine ephindwe kabili nengxenye enkomishini yekhofi kunenkomishi yetiye efanayo. Into ukuthi i-powder yekhofi esetshenziselwa ukuphuza lesi siphuzo inzima kakhulu kunamaqabunga wetiwe omisiwe, ngakho-ke inani le-caffeine liphakeme.
10. Edolobheni laseSao Paulo, eBrazil, kunetshe lesikhumbuzo lesihlahla sekhofi. Akumangalisi - ikhofi likhiqizwa kakhulu eBrazil emhlabeni wonke, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwekhofi okuthekelisa amazwe kuletha izwe u-12% wayo yonke imali engenayo yezohwebo lwangaphandle. Itshe lesikhumbuzo lekhofi, elingaqondakali kangako, likhona nasesiqhingini saseFrance iMartinique. Eqinisweni, yayifakwe ukuhlonipha uCaptain Gabriel de Kiele. Le ndoda eyiqhawe ayizange idume nhlobo enkundleni yempi noma empini yasolwandle. Ngo-1723, u-de Kiele weba isihlahla sekhofi okuwukuphela kwaso esitshalweni saseParis Botanical Gardens wasithuthela eMartinique. Abatshali bendawo basebenzise isithombo okuwukuphela kwaso ukusebenza, kwathi u-de Kiele waklonyeliswa ngetshe lesikhumbuzo. Kuliqiniso, ukubuswa kweFrance ngekhofi eNingizimu Melika, noma ngabe kusekelwa kanjani ngezinsongo zesigwebo sentambo, akuhlalanga isikhathi eside. Nalapha futhi, kwakungekho ngaphandle kwezempi. U-Lieutenant Colonel Francisco de Melo Palette wasePortugal uthole izithombo zesihlahla sekhofi esixukwini asinikezwe ngumthandi wakhe (ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, bekucishe kube ngumfazi wombusi waseFrance). Yile ndlela ikhofi evele ngayo eBrazil, kepha iMartinique ayiyikhulisi manje - ayinanzuzo ngenxa yokuncintisana neBrazil.
11. Isihlahla sekhofi siphila ngokwesilinganiso cishe iminyaka engama-50, kepha sithela izithelo ezingeqile kwengu-15. Ngakho-ke, emasimini ekhofi ingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi ukutshalwa kwezihlahla ezintsha njalo. Zikhule ngezinyathelo ezintathu. Okokuqala, ubhontshisi wekhofi ubekwa ungqimba oluncane lwesihlabathi esimanzi onyaweni omuhle. Ubhontshisi wekhofi, ngasendleleni, awumili njengamanye amabhontshisi amaningi - uqala ngokwakha uhlelo lwempande, bese lolu hlelo luphusha isiqu nokusanhlamvu ngaphezulu kuya enhlabathini. Lapho ihlumela lifinyelela ngamasentimitha amaningana ukuphakama, igobolondo langaphandle elincane lindiza lisuka okusanhlamvu. Ihlumela liphinde lifakwe ebhodweni ngalinye ngenhlanganisela yomhlabathi nomanyolo. Futhi kuphela lapho isitshalo siqina, sitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho siyoba isihlahla esigcwele khona.
12. Esiqhingini sase-Indonesia iSumatra, kukhiqizwa uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwekhofi. Ibizwa nge- “Kopi Luwac”. Abantu bendawo baqaphele ukuthi abamele olunye uhlobo lwe-gopher, "kopi musang", bathanda kakhulu ukudla izithelo zesihlahla sekhofi. Zigwinya sonke isithelo, kepha zigaya ingxenye ethambile kuphela (isithelo sesihlahla sekhofi siyafana nokwakhiwa kwama-cherries, ubhontshisi wekhofi izimbewu). Futhi ubhontshisi wangempela wekhofi esiswini kanye nezinye izitho zangaphakathi zesilwane zithola ukuvutshelwa okuthile. Isiphuzo, esenziwe ngezinhlamvu ezinjalo, njengoba abakhiqizi beqinisekisa, ukunambitheka okhethekile okuhlukile. “IKopi Luwac” ithengisa kakhulu, futhi abantu base-Indonesia bazisola nje ukuthi ngasizathu simbe abagibeli abadli izithelo zekhofi besekuthunjweni, kanti ikhofi labo libiza cishe ama- $ 700 ngekhilogremu kuphela. UCanada uBlake Dinkin, otshala ikhofi enyakatho yeThailand, upha amajikijolo izindlovu futhi, njengoba ephuma emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla wezilwane ezinkulu emhlabeni, uthola imikhiqizo ebiza ngaphezu kuka- $ 1 000 ngekhilogremu ngalinye. UDinkin unobunye ubunzima - ukuthola ikhilogremu kabhontshisi obilisiwe ikakhulukazi, udinga ukondla indlovu yezithelo zekhofi ezingama-30 - 40 kg.
13. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zekhofi lomhlaba likhiqizwa eBrazil, leli lizwe lingumholi ophelele - ngonyaka wezi-2017, ukukhiqizwa kwaba yizikhwama ezicishe zibe yizigidi ezingama-53. Kusatshalwa okusanhlamvu okuncane kakhulu eVietnam (amasaka ayizigidi ezingama-30), kepha, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuphansi kakhulu kwasekhaya okuthekelisa, igebe laseVietnam lincane kakhulu. Endaweni yesithathu yiColombia, etshala cishe cishe isigamu sekhofi njengeVietnam. Kepha abaseColombia bathatha ikhwalithi - i-Arabica yabo ithengiswa ngesilinganiso esingu- $ 1.26 ngephawundi (0.45 kg). Nge-robusta yaseVietnam, bakhokha kuphela u- $ 0.8-0.9 kuphela. Ikhofi elibiza kakhulu likhiqizwa ezinkangala zaseBolivia - isilinganiso esingu- $ 4.72 sikhokhelwa iphawundi lekhofi laseBolivia.KuJamaica, iphawundi lekhofi libiza ama- $ 3. AmaCuba athola ama- $ 2.36 ngekhofi labo. ./lb.
14. Ngokuphikisana nesithombe esenziwe abezindaba kanye neHollywood, iColombia ayigcini nje ngamasimu e-coca angapheli kanye ne-drug mafia. Izwe linesikhundla esiqinile sabakhiqizi bekhofi, kanti iColombia Arabica ithathwa njengezinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni. EColombia, iNational Coffee Park idaliwe, lapho kukhona lonke idolobha lokuheha - "iParque del Cafe". Lokhu akuzona nje kuphela izimoto zekhebula, ama-roller coasters nokunye ukuzijabulisa okujwayelekile. Leli paki linomnyuziyamu omkhulu osebenzisanayo okhombisa zonke izigaba zokukhiqizwa kwekhofi kusuka ekutshalweni kwezihlahla kuya ekuphuzeni isiphuzo.
15. Ehhotela elibiza kakhulu emhlabeni "i-Emirates Palace" (i-Abu Dhabi, e-United Arab Emirates) isilinganiso samakamelo sifaka ikhofi, enikezwa nge-marzipan, indwangu yelineni nebhodlela lamanzi amaminerali abizayo. Konke lokhu kufakwa kuthileyi lesiliva eligcwele amacembe ama-rose. Le ntokazi ibuye ithole irose ephelele yekhofi. Ngama- $ 25 angeziwe, ungathola inkomishi yekhofi ezofafazwa ngothuli lwegolide oluhle kakhulu.
16. Izindlela zokupheka eziningi zokwenza iziphuzo zekhofi zavela kudala, kepha "i-Irish Coffee" ingathathwa njengokuncane. Uvele ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba endaweni yokudlela esikhumulweni sezindiza sedolobha lase-Ireland iLimerick. Enye yezindiza eziya eMelika ayifikanga eNewfoundland, eCanada yaphindela emuva. Abagibeli babebanda kakhulu ngemuva kwamahora ama-5 endiza, futhi umpheki wendawo yokudlela esikhumulweni sezindiza uthathe isinqumo sokuthi bazofudumala ngokushesha uma bengeza ingxenye kagwayi ekhofi nokhilimu. Kwakungekho izinkomishi ezanele - izingilazi ze-whisky zangena ebhizinisini. Abahambi bathola ukufudumala ngokushesha, nekhofi elinoshukela, i-whisky nokhilimu ophehliwe ngokushesha nje lathola ukuthandwa komhlaba wonke. Futhi bayayikhonza, ngokwesiko, njengakilazi - endishini engenazibambo.
17. Ngokomgomo wokukhiqiza, ikhofi elisheshayo lingahlukaniswa ngokusobala ngezigaba ezimbili: “kushisa” futhi “kubanda”. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ikhofi esheshayo yesigaba sokuqala busho ukuthi izinto ezinganyibiliki ziyasuswa kufulawa wekhofi ngokuvezwa umusi oshisayo. Ubuchwepheshe "obubandayo" bokukhiqizwa kwekhofi okusheshayo bususelwa ekubandeni okujulile. Isebenza kahle kakhulu, kepha futhi idinga amandla athe xaxa, yingakho ikhofi elisheshayo elitholwa yiqhwa lihlala libiza kakhulu. Kepha kukhofi elisheshayo elinjalo, kusala izakhamzimba eziningi.
18. Kunombono wokuthi ngemuva kokuthi uPeter I enqobe inkosi yaseSweden uCharles XII, abaseSweden bahlakanipha kakhulu baze baba izwe elingathathi hlangothi, baqala ukuceba ngokushesha, kwathi ngekhulu lamashumi amabili base beyizwe elinenhlalo kakhulu emhlabeni. Eqinisweni, ngisho nangemva kukaCharles XII, abaseSweden baqala uhambo olwahlukahlukene, futhi ukuphikisana kwangaphakathi kuphela okwenza iSweden yaba izwe elinokuthula. Kepha abaseSweden bakweleta ukujwayela kwabo ikhofi eMpini Enkulu Yasenyakatho. Ebalekela uPeter, uKarl XII wagijimela eTurkey, lapho ajwayelana khona nekhofi. Yile ndlela isiphuzo saseMpumalanga safinyelela ngayo eSweden. Manje abaseSweden badla amakhilogremu angu-11 - 12 ekhofi ngomuntu ngamunye ngonyaka, ngokushintsha ubuholi babo kule nkomba namanye amazwe aseScandinavia. Ukuqhathanisa: eRussia, ukusetshenziswa kwekhofi cishe kungu-1.5 kg ngomuntu ngamunye ngonyaka.
19. Kusukela ngo-2000, abenzi bekhofi abangochwepheshe - ama-baristas - bebephethe eyabo iNdebe Yomhlaba. Yize ubusha bawo, lo mncintiswano usuthole inqwaba yemikhakha, izigaba nezinhlobo, inani elikhulu lamajaji nezikhulu, nezinhlangano ezimbili zekhofi eziphakelwayo. Umncintiswano ngohlobo lwawo oluyinhloko - ukulungiswa kwangempela kwekhofi - uqukethe ukulungiswa kobuciko kweziphuzo ezintathu ezihlukene. Ezimbili zazo zinohlelo oluyimpoqo, okwesithathu kungukuzikhethela noma ukwenziwa kwe-barista. Izimbangi zingahlela umsebenzi wazo ngendlela ezifuna ngayo.Kwakunezikhathi lapho i-barista yayisebenza ihambisana ne-quartet eyamenywa ngokukhethekile noma yayihamba nabadansi. Amajaji kuphela anambitha iziphuzo ezilungiselelwe. Kodwa ukuhlolwa kwabo akubandakanyi ukunambitheka kuphela, kodwa futhi nenqubo yokupheka, ubuhle bomklamo wethreyi ngezinkomishi, njll - kuphela izindlela ezingaba ngu-100.
20. Empikiswaneni yokuthi ngabe ikhofi lihle noma libi yini, iqiniso elilodwa kuphela elingacaciswa: zombili izingxabano ziyiziphukuphuku. Noma singanaki i-axiom kaParacelsus "konke kunobuthi nakho konke kungumuthi, udaba lusezingeni." Ukuze unqume ukulimala noma usizo lwekhofi, kuzodingeka ucabangele inani elikhulu lokujova, futhi noma eminye yayo isaziwa isayensi. Izingxenye ezehlukene ezingaphezu kuka-200 sezivele zihlukanisiwe kubhontshisi wekhofi, futhi lokhu kukude nomkhawulo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umzimba womuntu ngamunye ungowomuntu ngamunye, futhi ukusabela kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene entweni efanayo kuhlukile. UHonore de Balzac wayenokwakheka okuqinile, kuyilapho uVoltaire ayencanyana. Bobabili babephuza izinkomishi ezingama-50 zekhofi ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekukude nekhofi lethu elijwayelekile, kepha isiphuzo esiqine kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, uBalzac weqa kanzima iminyaka engama-50, wayilimaza ngokuphelele impilo yakhe futhi wabulawa yisilonda esincane. UVoltaire waphila iminyaka engama-84, ehlekisa ngokuthi ikhofi laliwubuthi obuhamba kancane, futhi wabulawa ngumdlavuza wendlala yesinye.
