Ngenkathi eminyakeni yama-60s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule mayelana namandla onke e-FBI eqala ukuvela e-United States, ababhali babo bazibuza lo mbuzo: kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi inhlangano edalwe ngenhloso enhle yokulwa nobugebengu obuhleliwe iphenduke isilo esifuna ukulawula wonke umuntu?
Futhi lapho eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva izincwadi ezifanayo mayelana neCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA) ziqala ukushicilelwa, ababhali babo, uma bekwazile ukuqeda ukubhala imisebenzi yabo (noma ngisho nokuphila ukuyibona ishicilelwa), ababuzanga umbuzo onjalo - base besindile kukho konke ukungcola kweVietnam futhi babukela ukuhlala ngokuthembeka.
Kwavela ukuthi izinhlaka zikahulumeni waseMelika eholwa yi-CIA ziyakwazi ukuhlukumeza, ukubulala, ukuketula ohulumeni bakwamanye amazwe nokuthonya inqubomgomo e-United States uqobo. Yini enye ongayilindela ku-CIA uma omunye wabasunguli bayo esho ngokusobala: ukuhlubuka kufanele kube yinto ephambili emsebenzini we-Agency.
Ama-knights wejazi kanye nommese babenethuba lokulinganisela umdlandla wabo kuphela ngawo-1970, ngesikhathi sokuvalelwa. Khona-ke izinsizakalo zabo zazidingeka kumanani andayo: ukubhebhetheka kwesimo samazwe omhlaba, ukuwa kwe-USSR, ngasendleleni, amaphekula ama-Arab afike ngesikhathi ... Ngemuva kuka-2001, i-CIA yathola cishe i-blanche ephelele yezenzo zayo emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphekula aqhubeka nemisebenzi yawo, kepha ohulumeni abasemthethweni, njengoba sekutholakele ukuthi bayaphikisana ne-United States, bagumbuqelwa ngenqubo efiselekayo.
Nalu ukhetho oluncane lwamaqiniso ngemisebenzi yaseCentral ubuhlakani Uhulumeni wase-US:
1. Umthetho we-CIA, owaphasiswa ngo-1949, wawucacisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi masinyane kunikezwe ubuzwe base-US abantu abahlinzeka ngosizo olukhulu kwi-CIA. Uma kubhekwa ubukhona bamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu ababeyizakhamuzi zaseSoviet eNtshonalanga ngaleyo minyaka, kusobala ukuthi umthetho wamukelwa njengesanqante kubo.
2. Isitatimende sesikhathi esizayo (1953 - 1961) soMqondisi we-CIA u-Allen Dulles, ocashunwe kakhulu kwi-Intanethi, mayelana nokuthi i-USA izobakhohlisa kanjani abantu baseSoviet ngokufaka izindinganiso ezingezona zamanani weqiniso, empeleni ingeyosiba lombhali waseSoviet u-Anatoly Ivanov. Kodwa-ke, noma ngubani ophethe lesi sitatimende, kuyiqiniso impela.
U-Allen Dulles
3. Kodwa isitatimende sikaDulles sokuthi emsebenzini we-CIA 90% kufanele kuthathwe imisebenzi yokuvukela umbuso, futhi abanye kuphela okufanele banikezwe ubuhlakani - iqiniso eliphelele.
4. Kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha uDulles engenile esikhundleni, uNdunankulu wase-Iran uMossadegh waketulwa, ecabanga ukuthi uwoyela wase-Iran kufanele ulawulwe yi-Iran. Ikhonsathi elandelayo yaphenduka umhlangano wesixuku nezindwendwe ezazungeze idolobha (ingabe kukukhumbuza noma yini?), Amasosha angena edolobheni, uMossadegh wakujabulela ukuhlala nje uphila. Isabelomali sokusebenza sasingu- $ 19 million.
I-Iranian Maidan 1954
5. Ngenxa yeqembu laseDulles ama-coups amabili aphumelele kakhulu: eGuatemala naseCongo. UNdunankulu waseGuatemala u-Arbenz ube nenhlanhla yokubaleka ngemilenze yakhe, kodwa inhloko kahulumeni waseCongo, uPatrice Lumumba, wabulawa.
6. Ngo-1954, i-CIA yathenga amalungelo okuqanjwa kwamafilimu endabeni kaJ. Orwell ethi "Animal Farm". Iskripthi, esibhalelwe abaphathi, sihlanekezele kakhulu umqondo wencwadi. Ku-cartoon eyaba nomphumela, ubukhomanisi babonwa njengobubi kakhulu kunongxiwankulu, noma u-Orwell wayengacabangi kanjalo.
7. Ngawo-1970, iKhomishani Yezigele Yesonto yaphenya i-CIA. Inhloko yawo, kulandela uphenyo, ithe umnyango "usebenza" ezindabeni zangaphakathi zamazwe angama-48.
8. Isibonelo sokungabi namandla kwe-CIA uma kwenzeka kungabikho ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwabathengisi ezweni yiCuba. UFidel Castro wazanywa kaningi, futhi akukho mzamo owodwa owaze wafika esigabeni sethuba lokukhohlisa lokubulala umholi waseCuba.
UFidel Castro
9. Isibonelo esingajwayelekile sempumelelo ye-CIA ekwenzeni imisebenzi yayo eqondile ukuqashwa kuka-Oleg Penkovsky, futhi nangaleso sikhathi isikhulu esiphakeme saya ngqo kubasebenzi boMnyango. Phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe we-CIA, uPenkovsky wanika abaseMelika imininingwane eminingi yamasu, adutshulwa ngayo.
U-Oleg Penkovsky
10. Ukusekela uguquko lwentando yeningi emazweni angaphandle kube ngumgomo we-CIA kusukela ngo-2005. Ngakho-ke, ukugxambukela ezindabeni zangaphakathi zamanye amazwe kungumthwalo oqondile futhi osheshayo weHhovisi.
11. Umqondisi we-CIA akabiki mathupha kumongameli (ngaphandle kwalapho lokhu kungesona isimo esiphuthumayo). Kukhona noMqondisi Wezobunhloli Kazwelonke ngenhla kwakhe. Umqondisi we-CIA angabona kuphela umongameli emhlanganweni weNational Security Council (SNB).
12. Uma ungumlobi noma usebenza eHollywood, futhi ezinhlelweni zakho zokudala kunomsebenzi ngokubamba iqhaza noma ukushiwo kwabasebenzi be-CIA, umnyango uzokunikeza ngokusemthethweni ukwelulekwa, izisebenzi noma uxhaso lwezezimali.
13. UMqondisi we-CIA kusukela ngo-2006 kuya ku-2009, uGeneral Michael Hayden, ekulalelweni kweCongress, wakusho ngokusemthethweni ukuthi enhlanganweni yakhe ukududula ikhanda lomuntu obuzwayo emanzini ukulingisa ukuminza akusikho ukuhlukumeza, kepha kungenye yezindlela ezinzima zokubuza imibuzo. Bangu-18 babo kwi-CIA.
14. Noma ngubani angajoyina uhlu olukhulu lwemininingwane eqoqwe yi-CIA ngokuvakashela isigaba seFact Book kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yenhlangano. Kuze kube ngu-2008, kwakushicilelwa inguqulo yephepha, manje ukushicilelwa kutholakala online kuphela. Iqukethe imininingwane eminingi ngawo wonke amazwe omhlaba, futhi imininingwane inembe kakhulu kunaleyo esatshalaliswa ohulumeni.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-CIA kwaphikiswa ngazo zonke izindlela ngumqondisi owayengusomandla we-FBI u-Edgar Hoover. Ubunhloli bangaphandle kwakuyilungelo lomnyango wakhe, futhi ngokwakhiwa kwe-CIA, imisebenzi ye-FBI yayigcinwa emingceleni yase-United States.
16. Ukwehluleka kokuqala kwe-CIA kwenzeka esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka emibili isunguliwe i-ejensi. Embikweni wangoSepthemba 20, 1949, kwabikezelwa ukuthi iSoviet Union yayingeke ikwazi ukuthola izikhali zenuzi ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5-6. Ibhomu le-athomu laseSoviet laqhunyiswa emasontweni amathathu ngaphambi kokuba lo mbiko ubhalwe.
I-CIA yamhlaba
17. Indaba yomhubhe waseBerlin lapho izikhulu ze-CIA zixhume khona emizileni yokuxhumana eyimfihlo yaseSoviet yaziwa kahle. Ubunhloli baseSoviet, obufunde ngalo mhubhe ngisho nangaphambi kokuba baqale ukuwumba, bondla i-CIA ne-MI6 ngemininingwane engaqinisekisi unyaka. Ngokwemibiko engaqinisekisiwe, lo msebenzi wancishiswa ngoba nje abaphathi bezobunhloli baseSoviet ngokwabo babenokwesaba ukubambeka kuwebhu enkulu yolwazi olungamanga. Kwakunzima ngaleso sikhathi ngamakhompyutha ...
18. USaddam Hussein isikhathi eside akazange avume ukuvumela ongoti bakwamanye amazwe ukuthi bangene ezikhungweni zase-Iraq - wayesola ochwepheshe bokusebenzela i-CIA. Izinsolo zakhe zaphikwa kakhulu, kwathi ngemuva kokushona kukaHussein kwavela ukuthi abanye babambisene nensizakalo ekhethekile.
19. Ehlobo lika-1990, abahlaziyi be-CIA bakholelwa ukuthi i-Iraq ngeke iye empini neKwaithi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili lo mbiko unikezwe ubuholi, amasosha ase-Iraq awela umngcele.
20. Uhlobo lokubandakanyeka kwe-CIA ekubulaweni kukaMongameli uKennedy kuvame ukubhekwa njengethiyori yetulo. Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa ukuthi ubuholi beHhovisi babuthukuthele lapho uKennedy enqaba ukwesekwa komoya okwethenjisiwe ngomsebenzi wokufika eCuba. Ukufika okwehluliwe kube ukwehluleka okukhulu kweCIA.
21. Kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, umsebenzi we-CIA e-Afghanistan wawuthathwa njengabizayo (ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $ 600 ngonyaka), kodwa usebenza ngempumelelo. Amavukelambuso-mujahideen abethelwa phansi ngempumelelo amasosha aseSoviet, futhi ngokuvamile impi yase-Afghanistan ithathwa njengesinye sezizathu zokuwa kwe-USSR. Kwakungemva kokuhamba nje kwamasosha aseSoviet e-Afghanistan lapho isihogo esinjalo saqala khona lapho iMelika yaphoqeleka ukuba ingenelele nebutho layo. Futhi hhayi ngezigidi ezingama-600 ngonyaka.
Amasosha aseMelika e-Afghanistan
22. Kusukela ekusungulweni kwe-CIA kuze kube ngawo-1970, i-ejensi iye yaqhubeka nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi amaningi okufunda ngemiphumela yezidakamizwa, izidakamizwa ze-psychotropic, i-hypnosis nezinye izindlela zokuthonya ingqondo yabantu. Izihloko ngokuvamile zazingatshelwa into yokuhlola noma izinhloso zocwaningo.
23. Ngawo-1980, i-CIA yasekela amavukelambuso aphikisana nohulumeni waseNicaragua ongakwesokunxele. Akukho okukhethekile uma kungenjalo ngemali. Ngokwesikimu esihlakaniphe ngokweqile (iCongress yanqabela uMongameli Reagan ukuthi ahlome amavukelambuso, iContras), izikhali zathengiswa ngo-Israyeli nase-Iran. Kutholwe kunecala lezikhulu ze-CIA nezinye izisebenzi zikahulumeni, bonke baxolelwa.
24. I-CIA Schnick Ryan Fogle, owayesebenza ngokufihla njengonobhala womnyango we-Embassy yase-United States eMoscow, waqasha isikhulu se-FSB ngo-2013. Ngemuva kokuxoxa ngemininingwane yomhlangano hhayi kuphela, kepha nangezimiso zokubambisana ngokuzayo ngocingo oluvulekile, olungavikelekile, uFogle weza endaweni yokuqasha ngewigi ekhanyayo, wathatha ezinye ezintathu. Vele, uFogl ubenezibuko ezintathu zezibuko zelanga.
Ukuboshwa kukaFogl
25. I-CIA ayichazwanga ngokungenasisekelo ekubulaweni kwamalungu esigceme se "Temple of the Nations" eGuyana. Abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kuka-900 ababalekela uhulumeni wasekhaya baya eGuyana futhi bahlose ukuthuthela e-USSR ngo-1978 badliswa ushevu noma badutshulwa. Kumenyezelwe njengabantu abashiseka ngokweqile ngokuzibulala ngokwenkolo, futhi ngenxa yedrama abayekelanga owabo uCongressman Ryan, bambulala naye.
