Abathandi bezokuvakasha nobuhle bemvelo abanakho ukungabaza ukuthi ingxenye ethile ye-Afrika izintaba zoKhahlamba zitholakala kuphi; ngokoqobo bonke abahambi baphupha ngokuvakashela le ndawo. Iningi lezintaba ohlelweni zifakiwe epaki iDrakensberg enegama elifanayo, efanele ngaphansi kokuvikelwa yi-UNESCO.
Izindawo ezibukeka kahle nezinto zemvelo zale ndawo zidume ngokuhluka kwazo nokugqama kwazo. Ukuhambela izintaba zoKhahlamba kudinga izindleko ezithile nokuhleleka, kepha ukukhetha le ndawo njengengxenye yohambo noma iholide eligcwele kuqinisekisa isipiliyoni esihle futhi esingenakulibaleka.
Izici ze-Geographic nezokuma komhlaba, izitshalo nezilwane
Iziqongo zezintaba namathafa asezintabeni zoKhahlamba zisengxenyeni eseningizimu yezwekazi lase-Afrika, zithatha izingxenye zeSwaziland, iNingizimu Afrika kanye nobukhosi baseLesotho. Ngobude besistimu obuyi-1169 km nobubanzi bama-732 km, indawo yayo ephelele ingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-4022.
Indawo enkulu yezintaba zoKhahlamba inezintaba ezi-monolithic ezinokuphakama okulingene okungamamitha ayi-2 000, ezinamawa amakhulu namawa ohlangothini lwenkaba nezintaba ezinamagquma ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezibheke ngasolwandle. Izintaba ezizungezile zinothe ngamaminerali, kufaka phakathi amalahle, ithini, imanganizi nezinsimbi eziyigugu.
Impumuzo, isimo sezulu kanye namathafa ezintaba zoKhahlamba kubonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ingxenye ephakeme kakhulu yethafa laseBasuto ibukeka ingenampilo futhi yomile, ngoba, ngokuhlangana nesimo sezulu sezwekazi, yonke imvula ewayo futhi incane imvula yehlela phansi. Indawo ephakeme kakhulu yoKhahlamba yiMount Thabana-Ntlenyana (3482 m), etholakala eLesotho, inenani eliphakeme elingabonakalanga kahle futhi aligqame ngokugqamile phakathi kweziqongo ezingomakhelwane ezimbozwe ngotshani, izingqimba ezinamadwala nezihlahlana ezincane. Kepha itholakala nje ngamakhilomitha ama-4 ukusuka onqenqemeni lohlangothi futhi ibukeka ibabazekayo ocwaningweni lwasemoyeni noma lomhlabathi kusuka ngalolo hlangothi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indiza yohlelo iwela ngezinyathelo eziphakeme ezakhiwa ukuguguleka.
Imithambeka esempumalanga yezintaba zoKhahlamba imbozwe izinhlobonhlobo zezimila:
- ezindaweni ezinokuphakama okungafika ku-1200 m - amahlathi ashubile asezindaweni ezishisayo nehlale iluhlaza anenqwaba yezinaliti, ama-liana nama-epiphyte;
- kusuka ku-1200 kuya ku-2000 m - amahlumela ama-succulents, ama-xerophytes nezihlahla ezinameva;
- ngaphezu kuka-2000 m - amadlelo asezintabeni (i-alpine tundra), ahlanganiswe nezindawo ezinamadwala.
Ngaphandle kokuchichima kwelanga nokusondela koLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya, izingqungquthela zaseDrakenberg zimbozwe yiqhwa ebusika, okwenza umehluko omkhulu ezimweni zezulu ezinyaweni. Isembozo seqhwa asihlali isikhathi eside, kepha izimo zezulu ezifundeni eziphakeme zezintaba ngalesi sikhathi azibi kahle. Imvula engama-80% isiyonke iwela phakathi kuka-Okthoba noMashi, okuqondana nenkathi yokukhula yezitshalo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kuduma izulu elincane kodwa elifushane eLesotho nasezindaweni ezingasemngceleni, kushintshana nezikhathi zokwakheka kwenkungu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imingcele yayo igcinwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacile - 3 km ukusuka ku-enclave, ngaphandle kokuhamba kwezinye izinkomba. Esikhathini esingaphandle kwesizini, ezinye izindawo zihlaselwa yisomiso, ezinye zivela komoya ovamile futhi onamandla. Njengazo zonke ezinye izimila e-Afrika, izimbali zalesi simiso sezintaba sezizivumelanise ngokuphelele nezinguquko ezingazelelwe ezimweni zangaphandle.
Izilwane zihlukaniswa ngenani eliphakeme lendawo futhi zicebile impela. Uchungechunge lwezintaba luvimbela ukufuduka kwezilwane, izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini nezinyoni. I-antelope egxumayo, i-eland, i-redunka itholakala cishe kuyo yonke imithambeka. Ezinye, ezifana ne-wild-tailed wildebeest, zingaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile kwe-UNESCO nombuso, ngakho-ke zihlala ezindaweni ezibiyelwe.
Ezindaweni ezivikelekile zesifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali, inani lezindlovu, obhejane abamhlophe nabamnyama, ama-artiodactyls kanye nezilwane ezidla ezinye ziyasekelwa: ingulule, ingwe, inja yempisi. Ezinye izindawo zeziqiwu zingavakashelwa njengengxenye yohambo lokufunda (hhayi i-safari). Nayi ipharadesi labalindi bezinyoni, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni (ibal ibis, intshebe enentshebe, ihhashi elinesifuba esiphuzi), ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, zihlala lapha kuphela.
Izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zemvelo eDrakensberg
Izithombe zobuso bezintaba zoKhahlamba zihluke ngokuphawulekayo kuma-savanna ase-Afrika namathafa angcolile, imihosha enezintaba eziphakama kuze kufike esibhakabhakeni zihlangana ngezitebhisi eziqinile ze-basalt namagquma ayindilinga. Kunzima ukukhetha iphuzu ozovakasha kulo; uma kungenzeka, ipaki kufanele ibhekwe emoyeni noma ezinhlangothini ezihlukile. Ukubukwa okuhle kakhulu kuyabonakala:
Izindawo eziningi ezikhangayo nezihehayo zitholakala esifundazweni saKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika, amahora amane ukusuka eGoli noma ama-3 ukusuka eThekwini. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuvakasha njengengxenye yamaqembu ohambo ahlelekile, ungazifikela lapho ngemoto eqashiwe. Ukuhamba ngezindlela eziphakeme zezintaba ngaphandle kwe-jeep nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanelekile akunakwenzeka. Indlela ephephe kunazo zonke yokubona ubuhle bemvelo ekuphakameni ukuhamba izintaba.
Eminye imizila idinga imvume evela kuziphathimandla zendawo, futhi izindawo ezikhethekile zabelwe ukuphumula nokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Ukuhlala ubusuku obubodwa ezindaweni eziphakeme zezintaba kuyavunyelwa, kepha akunconyiwe ngenxa yengozi yokuguquka okukhulu kwezimo zezulu. Abalandeli bezokuvakasha kwezemvelo nokwenyuka kwezintaba kufanele bakhumbule ukubaluleka kokuthola i-visa yaseLesotho (imizila ejabulisa kakhulu eqhutshwa ezindaweni zemingcele). Imvume ehambisanayo, uma kunesidingo, ikhishwa endaweni yaseNingizimu Afrika, kepha kuthatha isikhathi nemali. Umbono wokuthi i-visa eyodwa eya eNingizimu Afrika yanele ukungena endaweni ye-enclave awulungile.
Okunye ukuzijabulisa
AmaPaki kaZwelonke oKhahlamba anekhaya lamahostela amancane ahlukahlukene, amahhotela nezindawo zokukhempa ezihlinzeka indawo yokuhlala ngamazinga ahlukahlukene okunethezeka. Baphinde bahehe izivakashi ngezinsizakalo ezengeziwe zokuzijabulisa, okungukuthi:
- Ukuvakasha kochwepheshe emizileni emakiwe yaseDrakensberg.
- Ukugibela emhlane we hhashi.
- Ukudoba i-trout nezinye izinhlanzi emifuleni eminingi yezintaba nasemachibini epaki. Ngaphezu kokudoba okuvamile, izivakashi zifundiswa ukudoba nge-harpoon. Ngenxa yokucaca okuphezulu kwamanzi nobuningi bezinhlanzi, ngisho nabaqalayo bangahlangabezana nalo msebenzi.
- Uhambo lokubuka ngendiza enophephela emhlane. Ubuningi bezithombe nemizwelo engajwayelekile kuqinisekisiwe kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, iziqongo ezivele ngokuzumayo kusukela ku-haze zihlaba umxhwele izivakashi kanye nokubukwa okucacile kwamawa amade nekhilomitha.
- Dlala igalofu emasimini e-emerald emagqumeni.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ubheke eMount Elbrus.
Esiqiwini seGiant's Castle kunemigede evulekile yokuvakashelwa ethakazelisa kakhulu enemidwebo yamatshe. Inani eliphelele lemidwebo yasendulo emihumeni ezungezile lisukela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-40. Izingoma ziyamangaza ngokuhlukahluka kwazo nokuphepha. Izivakashi kufanele zinake ukuthi izigcawu zokuzingela, ukudansa nokulwa zisakazeke kuyo yonke indawo, eminye imidwebo itholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile, zivikeleke kancane ngamatshe. Ukufinyelela kwabadala kunabo bonke kungakhawulwa; indlela eqinisekile yokuwavakashela ukujoyina iqembu lohambo.
