I-Trakai Castle iyinqaba yangezikhathi zasendulo eLithuania. Ingesinye sezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu ezweni, ehlala ithola izixuku zezivakashi futhi isetshenziswe njengemyuziyamu.
Indawo enhle, amachibi, ubuciko obumangalisayo, imidwebo, ingilazi nemidwebo yodonga, izindinyana eziyimfihlo zizojabulisa ngisho nezivakashi ezingenandaba nomlando. Kunomnyuziyamu womlando ngaphakathi enqabeni, kanti imiqhudelwano yama-knightly, imibukiso kanye nezinsuku zobuciko zihlala zigcinwa lapha.
Umlando wokwakhiwa kweTrakai Castle
Kukhona inganekwane yaseLithuania, ngokusho kukaPrince Gediminas owayezingela endaweni yangakini futhi wathola indawo enhle echibini, lapho afuna khona ngokushesha ukwakha inqaba nokwenza le ndawo ibe inhlokodolobha yezwe. Isigodlo sokuqala sakhiwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-14 yindodana yakhe, uPrince Keistut.
Ngo-1377, waphikisa ukuhlaselwa yi-Teutonic Order. Umsebenzi wokugcina wokwakha waqedwa ngo-1409 kanti inqaba yaphenduka inqaba evikeleke kakhulu eYurophu, engenakunqotshwa ngamabutho ezitha. Ngemuva kokunqoba kokugcina kwe-Teutonic Order, le nqaba kancane kancane yalahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo kwezempi, ngoba isitha esikhulu sanqotshwa. Lesi sigodlo saphendulwa indawo yokuhlala, sasihlotshiswe ngokunethezeka ngaphakathi futhi saba yingxenye ebambe iqhaza emicimbini eyehlukene yezepolitiki ezweni.
Kodwa-ke, ukude kweTrakai Castle emizileni yezohwebo kwayiholela ekubola, yashiywa futhi ngemuva kwempi neMoscow ngo-1660 yaphenduka amanxiwa. Amasosha aseRussia abengabokuqala ukugqekeza izivikelo zenqaba ayichitha.
Ngo-1905, iziphathimandla zombuso waseRussia zanquma ukubuyisa amanxiwa kancane. EMpini Yezwe Yokuqala, amaJalimane aheha ochwepheshe bawo, nabo abazama kaningana ukubuyisa. Phakathi kuka-1935 no-1941, ingxenye yezindonga zesigodlo sasebukhosini yaqiniswa futhi umbhoshongo oseningizimu-mpumalanga wakhiwa kabusha. Ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II ngo-1946, kwaqalwa umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha kabusha, owaphela ngo-1961 kuphela.
Izakhiwo kanye nomhlobiso wangaphakathi
Umsebenzi wokubuyisela, owenziwe cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka, umangaza iso - inqaba ibuyele ekubukekeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15. Inqaba yesiqhingi ingummeleli wezakhiwo zesitayela sangeNkathi Ephakathi, kepha ezinye izixazululo zesitayela nazo zasetshenziswa ngenkathi kwakhiwa.
Kubonakala ngokulula nangokunethezeka kwamakamelo angaphakathi. Izinto zokwakha eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kweTrakai castle kwakuyinto okuthiwa yitini elibomvu lamaGothic. Amabhulokhi amatshe ayesetshenziswa kuphela ezisekelweni nasesiqongweni sezakhiwo, imibhoshongo nezindonga. Isigodlo sihlotshiswe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amathayili ophahla acwebezelisiwe namawindi engilazi anamabala.
Ihlanganisa indawo engaba amahektha ayi-1.8 futhi iqukethe igceke nenqaba ephakeme esiqhingini. Igceke nesigodlo sesikhulu, esakhiwe ezitezi ezintathu, sizungezwe udonga olukhulu lokuzivikela nemibhoshongo. Izindonga zingamamitha ayisikhombisa ukuphakama namamitha amathathu ubukhulu.
Enye indlela yokuzivikela yangenkathi yangenkathi ephakathi umsele wamanzi, ububanzi bawo obukhulu kwezinye izindawo obungamamitha ayishumi nambili. Izindonga zezinqaba ezibhekene neTrakai zinezikhala ezivulekile zokuzivikela ngezibhamu.
Amafasitela esigodlo ahlotshiswe ngamafasitela anamabala amnandi, emakamelweni angaphakathi kunemidwebo nemidwebo echaza impilo yamakhosana ahlala lapha. Imipheme enziwe ngokhuni ixhuma amahholo namakamelo, kanti amakamelo enkosana anendlela eyimfihlo eholela egcekeni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le nqaba yafakwa uhlelo lokushisa, olwesimanjemanje ngaleso sikhathi. Egumbini elingaphansi kwakukhona amakamelo okubilisa ayehambisa umoya oshisayo ngamapayipi akhethekile ensimbi ezindongeni.
Ubumnandi enqabeni yesiqhingi
Lesi sigodlo namuhla siyisikhungo sesifunda, lapho kubanjelwa khona amakhonsathi, imikhosi nemicimbi eminingi. Le nqaba ibizwa nangokuthi "i-Little Marienburg".
Ngo-1962, lapha kwavulwa indawo yokubukisa ngomnyuziyamu, eyazisa izivakashi zedolobha ngomlando wesifunda. Le nqaba iyikhaya lezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu zokuvubukula eLithuania, izinto zenkolo, amasampula ezikhali zasendulo, izinhlamvu zemali nokutholwa ngokuvubukulwa kule nkundla.
Kukhona umbukiso we-numismatic phansi. Lezi zinhlamvu zemali, ezitholwe ngabavubukuli ngesikhathi kumbiwa, zisukela ngekhulu le-16. Futhi lokhu akumangazi, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona i-mint enqabeni. Izinhlamvu zemali ezindala kakhulu zombukiso zenziwa ngo-1360.
Izikhangibavakashi endaweni
ITrakai yayiyikoloni lamasiko amaningi ngeNkathi Ephakathi futhi isabhekwa njengekhaya lamaKaraite. Zijabulise ngezinjabulo zasendaweni zokupheka ezihlanganisa amasiko amabili amahle kakhulu. Vakashela i-Užutrakis Manor ebabazekayo, epaki yayo yaklanywa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 ngu-Edouard François Andrei, umdwebi odumile wezakhiwo zaseFrance.
Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwa ngumndeni wakwaTiškevičius ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, futhi isakhiwo esikhulu esisesitayeleni se-neoclassicism sase-Italy sakhiwa ngumdwebi wasePoland uJosef Hus. Inikezwe ngokunethezeka ngesitayela seLudwig XVI. Kunamachibi amahle angamashumi amabili epaki, futhi le ndawo izungezwe amachibi aseGalvė naseSkaistis.
Sincoma ukubheka eMikhailovsky Castle.
Emachibini azungeze iTrakai, ungabhukuda, ugibele isikebhe, isondo lamanzi noma isikebhe bese uvakashela amaxhaphozi aseduze.
Ungafika kanjani eTrakai Castle kusuka enhlokodolobha yaseLithuania?
Uphi umuzi? ITrakai itholakala cishe amakhilomitha angamashumi amathathu ukusuka eVilnius. Ngenxa yokuthi useduze nenhlokodolobha, idolobha ligcwele ngokweqile izivakashi, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Uma uhamba ngemoto, zilungiselele ubunzima bokuthola indawo yokupaka. Njengoba ukupaka komphakathi kuvame ukuminyana futhi kudinga imali, izakhamizi zinikela ngemigwaqo yazo yangasese njengendlela eshibhile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukufika eTrakai Castle ngezithuthi zomphakathi.
Ungathola kanjani kusuka kuVilnius? Kusuka esiteshini samabhasi iVilnius, amabhasi agijimela enqabeni cishe ama-50 ngosuku (imvamisa kusuka epulatifomu 6). Ungathatha futhi isitimela esiteshini sesitimela. Uhambo luzothatha cishe isigamu sehora, yize usuka esiteshini sesitimela eTrakai kuzodingeka uhambe endaweni enhle uye enqabeni. Ikheli - iTrakai, 21142, noma yimuphi umhlali wedolobha uzokutshela indlela.
Amahora okusebenza
Umsebenzi wokuheha uhlotshaniswa nenkathi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, inqaba ivulwa ngoMsombuluko kuya kuMgqibelo kusuka ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-19: 00. Kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari kuvulwa kusuka ngoLwesibili kuya ngeSonto, futhi kusuka ngo-10: 00 kuye ku-19: 00. Ithikithi lokungena lizobiza ama-ruble angama-300 kubantu abadala kanye nama-ruble ayi-150 ezingane. Kuvunyelwe ukuthatha izithombe endaweni.
