UDavid Rockefeller Sr. (1915-2017) - Ibhange laseMelika, umphathi wezwe, isazi somhlaba jikelele kanye nomusa wokupha. Umzukulu we-tycoon kawoyela kanye nosozigidi wokuqala ukwedlula wonke uJohn D. Rockefeller. Umfowenu omncane wePhini Likamongameli wama-41 waseMelika uNelson Rockefeller.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaDavid Rockefeller, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaDavid Rockefeller Sr.
Umlando kaDavid Rockefeller
UDavid Rockefeller wazalwa ngoJuni 12, 1915 eManhattan. Wakhulela emndenini wesazi sezimali esikhulu uJohn Rockefeller Jr. nomkakhe u-Abby Aldrich Green. Wayenguthunjana ezinganeni ze-6 zabazali bakhe.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngesikhathi esemncane, uDavid wafunda eLincoln School, eyasungulwa futhi yaxhaswa ngumkhulu wakhe odumile. Umndeni wakwaRockefeller wawunohlelo oluyingqayizivele lwemivuzo yezezimali etholwa yizingane.
Isibonelo, ngokubulala impukane, noma iyiphi yezingane ithole amasenti ama-2, futhi ngehora elilodwa lezifundo zomculo, ingane ingathembela kumasenti ama-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlawulo yayijwayelwa endlini ukungafiki noma ezinye "izono". Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi indlalifa ngayinye yayinezincwadi zayo lapho kwakwenziwa khona izibalo zezimali.
Ngakho-ke, abazali bafundisa izingane ukuyala nokubala imali. Inhloko yomndeni yayingumsekeli wendlela yokuphila enempilo, ngenxa yalokho wakhuthaza indodakazi yakhe namadodana akhe amahlanu ukuthi bayeke utshwala nokubhema.
URockefeller Sr. uthembise ukukhokhela ingane ngayinye ama- $ 2,500 uma ingaphuzi futhi ingabhemi ize ibe neminyaka engama-21, nemali efanayo uma “ibambelela” kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25. Ngudadewabo kaDavid omdala kuphela, owabhema ugwayi phambi kukayise nonina, ongazange ayengwe yimali.
Ngemuva kokuthola idiploma yakhe, uDavid Rockefeller waba ngumfundi eHarvard University, lapho aphumelela khona ngo-1936. Ngemuva kwalokho, wafundela omunye unyaka ongu-1 eLondon School of Economics and Political Science.
Ngo-1940, uRockefeller wavikela iziqu zakhe zobudokotela kwezomnotho futhi ngawo lowo nyaka wathola umsebenzi wokuba unobhala weMeya yaseNew York.
Ibhizinisi
Njengonobhala, uDavid wakwazi ukusebenza kancane kakhulu. Lokhu kwakungenxa yeMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba (1939-1945), ngaleso sikhathi eyayigcwele ngamandla. Ekuqaleni kuka-1942, lo mfana waya phambili njengoba isosha elula.
Ekupheleni kwempi, uRockefeller wasukuma waba ngukaputeni. Ngesikhathi somlando wakhe, wayesebenza eNyakatho Afrika naseFrance, esebenza kwezobunhloli. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wayekhuluma isiFulentshi esihle kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokudilizwa, uDavid wabuyela ekhaya, wangena ebhizinisini lomndeni. Ekuqaleni, wayengumphathi olula womsizi kwelinye lamagatsha eChase National Bank. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi leli bhange kwakungelamaRockefellers, ngenxa yalokho akubanga nzima ngaye ukuthatha isikhundla esiphakeme.
Yize kunjalo, uDavid wabona ukuthi ukuze aphumelele ekuqhubeni ibhizinisi, kufanele ahlole ngokucophelela "isixhumanisi" ngasinye somshini oyinkimbinkimbi. Ngo-1949, wathatha isikhundla sokuba yiphini lomqondisi webhange, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo waba yiphini likamongameli webhodi leChase National Bank.
Isizotha sikaRockefeller sifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Isibonelo, wahamba wayosebenza esitimeleni, yize wayenethuba lokuthola imoto ehamba phambili.
Ngo-1961, le ndoda yaba yinhloko yebhange, yahlala njengomongameli wayo iminyaka engama-20 eyalandela. Waba umbhali wezixazululo ezithile ezintsha. Isibonelo, ePanama, wakwazi ukuncenga abaphathi bebhange ukuthi bamukele izilwane ezifuywayo njengesibambiso.
Ngaleyo minyaka yomlando, uDavid Rockefeller wahambela kaninginingi e-USSR, lapho axhumana khona noNikita Khrushchev, uMikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin nabanye osopolitiki abadumile baseSoviet. Ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, wathatha ezombusazwe, isisa kanye nemisebenzi yomphakathi, kufaka phakathi imfundo.
Isimo
Ingcebo kaRockefeller ilinganiselwa ku- $ 3.3 billion.Futhi yize iqhathaniswa nenhlokodolobha yamanye amabhiliyone amadola "inesizotha", umuntu akumele akhohlwe ngethonya elikhulu lenhloko yomndeni, okuthi ngokwezinga lemfihlakalo lilinganiswe ne-oda leMason.
Ukubukwa kukaRockefeller
UDavid Rockefeller wayengumsekeli womhlaba kanye neoconservatism. Ucele ukuthi kube nokulawulwa kokuzalwa kanye nemikhawulo, eyaqala ukumenyezelwa obala engqungqutheleni ye-UN ngo-2008.
Ngokusho kosozimali, isilinganiso sokuzalwa ngokweqile singadala ukushoda ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla namanzi phakathi kwabantu, kanye nokulimaza imvelo.
URockefeller uthathwa njengomsunguli weqembu elinamandla nelingaqondakali le-Bilderberg, elibizwa ngokuthi licishe labusa umhlaba wonke.
Ngo-1954 uDavid wayeyilungu lomhlangano wokuqala weKlabhu. Emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, wasebenza "ekomidini elilawulayo" amalungu alo enza uhlu lwezivakashi ezazizomema emihlanganweni yesikhathi esizayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abamele kuphela abamele umhlaba wonke abangahambela le mihlangano.
Ngokuya ngemibono eminingi yozungu, yiKilabhu yaseFotbergberg enquma osopolitiki, okuthi emva kwalokho banqobe ukhetho babe ngomengameli bamazwe athile.
Isibonelo esigqame kunazo zonke uMbusi wase-Arkansas, uBill Clinton, wamenyelwa emhlanganweni ngo-1991. Njengoba isikhathi sizotshela, uClinton uzoba yinhloko ye-United States kungekudala.
Umthelela ofanayo omkhulu wenziwa yiTrilateral Commission, eyasungulwa nguDavid ngo-1973. Ngokwesakhiwo sayo, le khomishini iyefana nenhlangano yomhlaba wonke enabameleli abavela eNyakatho Melika, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eJapan naseNingizimu Korea.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yomlando wakhe, uRockefeller unikele ngemali engaba yizigidi ezingama- $ 900 kusisa.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Unkosikazi webhange onethonya kwakunguMargaret Mcgraaf. Kule nyunyana, lo mbhangqwana wawunabafana ababili - uDavid noRichard, namantombazane amane: u-Abby, uNiva, uPeggy no-Eileen.
Ndawonye, lo mbhangqwana waphila iminyaka engama-56, waze washona uMargaret ngo-1996. Ngemuva kokushona komkakhe amthandayo, uRockefeller wakhetha ukuhlala engumfelokazi. Isigameko sangempela kule ndoda kwaba ukulahlekelwa yindodana yayo uRichard ngo-2014. Ushone engozini yebhanoyi ngenkathi ehamba ngendiza enenjini eyodwa ngezandla zakhe.
UDavid wayekuthanda ukuqoqa amabhungane. Ngenxa yalokho, wakwazi ukuqoqa elinye lamaqoqo azimele amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe, wayenamakhophi angaba ngu-150 000.
Ukufa
UDavid Rockefeller ushone ngoMashi 20, 2017 eneminyaka engu-101. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwakuyimbangela yokufa kwakhe. Ngemuva kokushona kwesomnotho, lonke iqoqo lakhe ladluliselwa eHarvard Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Isithombe nguDavid Rockefeller
