USven Magnus Een Carlsen (owazalwa yiWorld Chess Champion ngezigaba ezi-3: kusukela ngo-2013 - iqhawe lomhlaba ku-chess yakudala; ngo-2014-2016, 2019 - umpetha womhlaba ku-chess esheshayo; ngo-2014-2015, 2017-2019 - umpetha umhlaba we-blitz.
Omunye wabakhulu abakhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni - waba ngugogo omkhulu eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala izinyanga ezine ezinezinsuku ezingama-27. Kusukela ngo-2013, ibingumnikazi wesilinganiso esiphezulu se-Elo emlandweni wonke wokuba khona kwayo - amaphuzu angama-2882.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaMagnus Carlsen, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaCarlsen.
I-Biography kaMagnus Carlsen
UMagnus Carlsen wazalwa ngoNovemba 30, 1990 edolobheni laseNorway iTensberg. Wakhulela emndenini wonjiniyela uHenrik Carlsen, owayengumdlali we-chess ongathí sina onesilinganiso se-Elo samaphuzu angama-2100. Ngaphandle kukaMagnus, abazali bakhe babenamadodakazi amathathu: uHellen, u-Ingrid noSigna.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngisho nasekuqaleni kwezingane, iqhawe elizayo labonisa amakhono avelele. Lapho eneminyaka engu-4, wakhumbula ngekhanda amagama awo wonke amadolobha kamasipala akuleli lizwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Magnus wayazi zonke izihloko zomhlaba, kanye amafulegi wombuso ngamunye. Wabe eseqala ukufunda ukudlala i-chess. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi intshisekelo yakhe yangempela kulo mdlalo ivele eneminyaka engu-8.
Ngalesi sikhathi se-biography yakhe, uCarlsen waqala ukufunda izincwadi ze-chess futhi wabamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni. Ngasikhathi sinye, wayethanda ukuqhuba imidlalo ye-blitz kuwebhu. Lapho eba neminyaka engu-13, uMicrosoft wathumela umndeni wakwaCarlsen ohambweni lonyaka wonke.
Noma kunjalo, uMagnus wabikezelwa ukuthi uzoba yingqwele ku-chess. Futhi la bekungewona amagama nje, ngoba umfana ubonise umdlalo omangalisayo, eshaya ogogo abakhulu.
Chess
Kusukela eneminyaka eyi-10, uMagnus uqeqeshwe nguTorbjörn Ringdal Hansen, umfundi wompetha waseNorway kanye nogogo omkhulu uSimon Agdestein. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi wakhuthaza ingane ukuthi ifunde izincwadi zabadlali be-chess baseSoviet.
Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, u-Agdestein uqobo waqhubeka nokufundisa uCarlsen. Umfana wathuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu lapho eneminyaka engu-13 waba ngomunye wokhokho abakhulu abancane kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Ngo-2004 wakwazi ukuba yiphini-mpetha womhlaba eDubai.
E-Iceland, uMagnus wehlule owayengumpetha womhlaba u-Anatoly Karpov, futhi wadlala ngokulingana nomunye owayengumpetha, uGarry Kasparov. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kumlando wakhe, amaNorway aqala ukuthuthuka kakhulu futhi akhombise ukuphakama kwakhe kunabaphikisi.
Ngo-2005, uCarlsen wafakwa ohlwini lwabadlali abanamandla kunabo bonke emqhudelwaneni womhlaba, ekwazi ukuqinisekisa isihloko somdlali we-chess onamandla kunabo bonke emhlabeni, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, omncane kunabo bonke.
Ngo-2009 uGarry Kasparov waba ngumqeqeshi omusha wale nsizwa. Ngokusho komeluleki, wahlatshwa umxhwele yithalente laseNorway, ekwazile "ukumdonsa" ekuthuthukiseni ukuvulwa. UKasparov uqaphele umuzwa oyingqayizivele kaMagnus, omsizayo emidlalweni ye-blitz nakwemidlalo yesiko.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uCarlsen wabizwa ngegama "Chess Mozart" ngomdlalo wakhe we-virtuoso. Ngo-2010, isilinganiso sakhe ku-Elo safinyelela - amaphuzu angama-2810, lapho iNorway yaba ngumdlali we-chess omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni - iminyaka engu-19 nezinsuku ezingama-32.
Ngo-2011, uMagnus wakwazi ukunqoba umphikisi wakhe omkhulu, uSergei Karjakin. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi eneminyaka engu-12 nezinsuku ezingama-211, uKarjakin waba ngugogo omkhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni, ngenxa yalokho igama lakhe lavela eGuinness Book of Records.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, uMagnus wabalwa phakathi kwabantu abanethonya kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngo-2013, u-Grandmaster waba iqhawe le-13 lomhlaba we-chess, wathola ukuqashelwa jikelele nokuthandwa.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, isilinganiso somfana e-Elo saba amaphuzu ayi-2882 amahle! Ngo-2020, leli rekhodi alikwazanga ukushaywa yinoma yimuphi umdlali we-chess, kufaka phakathi noMagnus uqobo.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2016, umpetha uthathe indawo yokuqala kumqhudelwano we-78th Wijk a Zee. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, wavikela isicoco seqhawe lomhlaba nge-duel neKarjakin. Ngemuva kwalokho, wazuza imiklomelo emiqhudelwaneni esheshayo neblitz.
Ngo-2019, uMagnus Carlsen waba ngumpetha womqhudelwano omkhulu eDutch Wijk aan Zee, ngemuva kwalokho wathatha izindawo zokuqala emiqhudelwaneni emi-2 emikhulu - isikhumbuzo seGashimov kanye neGRENKE Chess Classic. Kuyo yomibili imincintiswano ukwazile ukukhombisa umdlalo okhazimulayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, wawina umqhudelwano osheshayo nowe-blitz e-Abidjan.
Ehlobo lonyaka ofanayo, uCarlsen wanqoba umqhudelwano waseNorway Chess. Uhlulwe umdlalo owodwa kuphela kwi-American Fabiano Caruana. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kulo lonke u-2019 akazange ahlulwe nakanye emidlalweni yakudala.
Ekupheleni konyaka ofanayo, uMagnus waba ngumdlali we-chess No. 1 emhlabeni ku-chess esheshayo. Ngenxa yalokho, waba ngumpetha ezigabeni ezi-3 ze-chess ngasikhathi sinye!
Isitayela sokudlala
INorway ithathwa njengomdlali wendawo yonke, iphawula ukuthi inhle kakhulu kumdlalo ophakathi (isigaba esilandelayo somdlalo we-chess ngemuva kokuvulwa) nomdlalo wokugcina (ingxenye yokugcina yomdlalo).
Abadlali abadume kakhulu bachaza uCarlsen njengomdlali omuhle kakhulu. Ugogo omkhulu uLuc van Wely uthe uma abanye bengaboni lutho endaweni, uvele aqale ukudlala. " Ubuye wengeza ukuthi uMagnus ngudokotela wezengqondo ocashile ongangabazi ukuthi umpikisi uzokwenza iphutha.
Umdlali we-Soviet-Swiss chess uViktor Korchnoi wathi impumelelo yomfana ayixhomekile kakhulu kuthalente kepha nasekhonweni lokulutha umphikisi. UGrmmaster Evgeny Bareev wake wathi uCarlsen udlala ngokugqamile kangangokuthi umuntu athole umbono wokuthi akanalo uhlelo lwezinzwa.
Ngaphezu kokuqhathanisa noMozart, abantu abaningi baqhathanisa isitayela sokudlala sikaMagnus ne-American Bobby Fischer kanye ne-Latvian Mikhail Tal.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-2020, uCarlsen uhlala engashadile. Ku-2017, wavuma ukuthi wayethandana nentombazane egama linguSinn Christine Larsen. Isikhathi kuphela esizotshela ukuthi ubuhlobo babo buzophela kanjani.
Ngaphezu kwe-chess, lo mfana ukhombisa intshisekelo yokushushuluza, ithenisi, basketball nebhola. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ungumlandeli weReal Madrid. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, uyakujabulela ukufunda amahlaya.
Lo msubathi wezemidlalo uthola inzuzo eningi ekukhangiseni ngezimpahla zomkhiqizo we-G-Star RAW - ngaphezulu kwe- $ 1 million ngonyaka. Uthuthukisa i-chess ngohlelo lwe-Play Magnus futhi unikela ngezimali zomuntu siqu kusizo.
Magnus Carlsen namuhla
INorway iyaqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni emikhulu, ngokuwina imiklomelo. Ngo-2020, ukwazile ukwephula irekhodi lomhlaba ngokudlala imidlalo engu-111 engakahlulwa.
Manje uMagnus uvame ukuvakashela izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ze-TV, lapho abelana ngamaqiniso athakazelisayo kusuka ku-biography yakhe. Unekhasi le-Instagram elinababhalisile abangaphezu kuka-320,000.
Isithombe nguMagnus Carlsen
