U-Audrey Hepburn (igama langempela U-Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 1929-1993) ungumlingisi waseBrithani, imodeli yezemfashini, umdansi, isisa senhlalakahle nesishoshovu sokusiza abantu. Isithonjana esisungulwe embonini yefilimu nesitayela, omsebenzi wakhe wafinyelela ngesikhathi seGolden Age yaseHollywood.
I-American Film Institute ibeke uHepburn njengomlingisi wesithathu omkhulu kunabo bonke kumabhayisikobho aseMelika.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography ka-Audrey Hepburn, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane ka-Audrey Kathleen Ruston.
U-Audrey Hepburn biography
U-Audrey Hepburn wazalwa ngoMeyi 4, 1929 esigodini sase-Brussels sase-Ixelles. Wakhulela emndenini webhange laseBrithani uJohn Victor Ruston-Hepburn noDutch Baroness Ella Van Heemstra. Wayengukuphela kwengane yabazali bakhe.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngiseyingane, u-Audrey wayenamathele kuyise, owathi, ngokungafani nonina oqinile nonenkani, wavelela umusa nokuqonda kwakhe. Inhlekelele yokuqala ku-biography kaHepburn yenzeke eneminyaka engu-6, lapho ubaba wakhe enquma ukushiya umndeni.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uHepburn wathuthela nonina edolobheni laseDashi i-Arnhem. Ngiseyingane, wafunda ezikoleni ezizimele futhi waya nase-ballet. Lapho kugqashuka iMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba (1939-1945), intombazane yathatha igama lomgunyathi - u-Edda van Heemstra, njengoba igama elithi "isiNgisi" ngaleso sikhathi lidala ingozi.
Ngemuva kokufika kwama-Allies, impilo yamaDashi ahlala ezindaweni ezihlala amaNazi yaba nzima kakhulu. Ebusika bango-1944, abantu babulawa yindlala futhi babengenalo nethuba lokufudumeza amakhaya abo. Kunamacala amaningi aziwayo lapho amanye eba yiqhwa ngqo emigwaqweni.
Ngasikhathi sinye, idolobha belihlale liqhunyiswa ngamabhomu. Ngenxa yokungondleki kahle, uHepburn wayesengcupheni yokuphila nokufa. Ukuze ngandlela-thile akhohlwe ngendlala, walala embhedeni wafunda izincwadi. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi le ntombazane yenze izinombolo ze-ballet ukuze idlulisele imali etholwe kubashisekeli.
Enkulumweni, u-Audrey Hepburn uvumile ukuthi naphezu kwazo zonke izinto ezesabekayo zesikhathi sempi, yena nonina bazama ukucabanga kahle, bavame ukuzijabulisa. Futhi, ngenxa yendlala, ingane yaba ne-anemia nezifo zokuphefumula.
Ngokusho kwababhali bama-biographer, isimo esidabukisayo u-Audrey abhekana naso eminyakeni eyalandela singabangelwa ukungondleki. Ngemva kwempi, wangena Conservatory wendawo. Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, uHepburn nonina bathuthela e-Amsterdam, lapho bathola khona umsebenzi wokuba ngabahlengikazi endlini yomakadebona.
Ngokushesha, u-Audrey waqala ukuthatha izifundo ze-ballet. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-19, waya eLondon. Lapha waqala ukufunda ukudansa noMarie Rampert noVaclav Nijinsky. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uNijinsky uthathwa njengomunye wabadansi abakhulu emlandweni.
Othisha baxwayisa uHepburn ukuthi angazuza kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-ballet, kepha ubude bakhe obufushane (170 cm), kuhlanganiswe nemiphumela yokungondleki okungapheli, bekungeke kumvumele ukuba abe yi-prima ballerina.
Ukulalela izeluleko zabeluleki, u-Audrey uthathe isinqumo sokuxhumanisa impilo yakhe nobuciko bomdlalo. Ngaleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, kwakudingeka athathe noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Isimo sashintsha kuphela ngemuva kokuphumelela kokuqala ku-cinema.
Amafilimu
UHepburn wavela esikrinini esikhulu ngo-1948, edlala kwifilimu yezemfundo iDutch kwizifundo eziyisikhombisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, wadlala izindima eziningana kumafilimu obuciko. Indima yakhe yokuqala ayiphathisiwe wayiphathisa ngo-1952 kwifilimu ethi "Secret People", lapho aguqulwa khona waba nguNora.
Udumo lomhlaba lwawela ku-Audrey ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokukhonjiswa komdlalo wamahlaya wehlelo "Iholide laseRoma". Lo msebenzi ulethe umlingisi osemusha "u-Oscar" nokwaziwa ngumphakathi.
Ngo-1954, ababukeli babona uHepburn kwifilimu yothando uSabrina. Waphinde wathola indima ebalulekile, lapho anikezwa khona i-BAFTA esigabeni esithi "Best British Actress". Njengoba esengomunye wabaculi ababefunwa kakhulu, waqala ukusebenzisana nabaqondisi abadume kakhulu.
Ngo-1956, u-Audrey waguqulwa waba nguNatasha Rostov kwifilimu ethi War and Peace, ngokususelwa kunoveli enegama elifanayo nguLeo Tolstoy. Ngemuva kwalokho wabamba iqhaza ekuthwebuleni amahlaya omculo "Ubuso obuhlekisayo" nomdlalo weshashalazi othi "Indaba Yendela."
Isithombe sokugcina saphakanyiselwa i-Oscar ekukhethweni okungu-8, kanti uHepburn waphinda wahlonishwa njengomlingisi ohamba phambili waseBrithani. Ngeminyaka yama-60s, wadlala kumafilimu ayi-9, iningi lawo lawina imiklomelo yamafilimu ehlonishwa kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umdlalo ka-Audrey uhlale uthola izibuyekezo eziningi ezinhle ezivela kubagxeki nakubantu abavamile.
Imidwebo eyayithandwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyiBhulakufesi eTiffany's naseMy Fair Lady. Ngemuva kuka-1967, kwaba nokuthula ku-biography kaHepburn yokudala - akazange enze cishe iminyaka eyi-9.
Ukubuyela kuka-Audrey esikrinini esikhulu kwenzeka ngo-1976, ngemuva kokukhonjiswa komdlalo we-adventure uRobin noMarian. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lo msebenzi uthole ukuqokwa komklomelo we-2002 AFI 100 Most Passionate American Films eminyakeni eyikhulu.
Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, uHepburn wabamba iqhaza ekuqopheni kwe-thriller "Blood Connection", eyayinomkhawulo weminyaka. Kuma-80s wabonakala kumafilimu ama-3, owokugcina kuwo kwakungu-Always (1989). Ngesabelomali esingu- $ 29.5 million, le filimu yathola imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $ 74 ehhovisi lebhokisi!
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi isikhundla sika-Audrey Hepburn namuhla singesinye sabantu abayi-15 abake izindondo zika-Oscar, Emmy, Grammy noTony.
Impilo yomphakathi
Ngemuva kokushiya i-cinema enkulu, umlingisi wathola isikhundla sokuba yinxusa elikhethekile le-UNICEF - inhlangano yamazwe omhlaba esebenza ngaphansi kweNhlangano Yezizwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi waqala ukusebenzisana nenhlangano emuva eminyakeni yama-50s.
Ngaleso sikhathi ku-biography yakhe, uHepburn wabamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zomsakazo. Ezizwa enokubonga okukhulu ngokusindiswa kwakhe ngemuva kokungena kwamaNazi, wazinikezela ekuthuthukiseni izimpilo zezingane ezihlala emazweni omhlaba wesithathu.
Ulwazi luka-Audrey lwezilimi eziningana kwamsiza ekwenzeni umsebenzi awuphathisiwe: isiFulentshi, isiNgisi, iSpanishi, isiNtaliyane nesiDashi. Sekukonke, uhambele emazweni angaphezu kwamashumi amabili ampofu kakhulu, esiza abampofu nalabo ababencishwe amathuba.
UHepburn uhole izinhlelo eziningi zokusiza kanye nezokusiza abantu ezihlobene nokuhlinzekwa kokudla kanye nokugoma okukhulu.
Uhambo lokugcina luka-Audrey lwenzeka eSomalia - izinyanga ezine ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Ubize lolu hambo ngokuthi "yi-apocalyptic". Engxoxweni, lo wesifazane wathi: “Ngibe nephupho elibi. Ngike ngabona indlala eTopiya naseBangladesh, kodwa angikaze ngiyibone into enjengayo - embi kakhulu kunalokho engingakucabanga. Bengingakulungele lokhu. "
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kuka "Sabrina" phakathi kukaHepburn noWilliam Holden kwaqala ukubhebhana. Yize umlingisi wayengumuntu oshadile, ukukopela emndenini wakhe kwakubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze azivikele ekuzalweni kwezingane okungafuneki, uWilliam wanquma nge-vasectomy - inzalo yokuhlinzwa, ngenxa yalokho indoda igcina isimilo sayo, kepha ingakwazi ukuba nezingane. Lapho u-Audrey, owayephupha ngezingane, ethola ngalokhu, wavele wahlukana nobudlelwano naye.
Uhlangane nomyeni wakhe wakusasa, umqondisi uMel Ferrera enkundleni yemidlalo. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kuMel lo bekuvele kungumshado wesine. Lo mbhangqwana wahlala ndawonye iminyaka engaba ngu-14, sebehlukene ngo-1968. Kule nyunyana, lo mbhangqwana waba nomfana, uSean.
UHepburn wahlukunyezwa ngumyeni wakhe kanzima, ngenxa yalokho waphoqeleka ukuba afune usizo lwezokwelapha kudokotela wezifo zengqondo u-Andrea Dotti. Ukwazana kangcono, udokotela nesiguli baqala ukuhlangana. Ngenxa yalokho, le romance yaphela emshadweni.
Ngokushesha, u-Audrey no-Andrea baba nendodana, uLuka. Ekuqaleni konke kwahamba kahle, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubudlelwano babo babuqhekeka. UDotty ukhohlise kaningi umkakhe, okwaqhubeka nokuhlukanisa abalingani futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kwaholela esahlukanisweni.
Owesifazane uphinde waluthola uthando eneminyaka engama-50. Isithandwa sakhe kwaba ngumlingisi uRobert Walders, owayemncane ngeminyaka engu-7 kuno-Audrey. Bahlala emshadweni womphakathi, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kukaHepburn.
Ukufa
Ukusebenza e-UNICEF kwakumkhathaza kakhulu u-Audrey. Ukuhamba okungapheli kuyilimaze kabi impilo yakhe. Ekuhambeleni kwakhe kokugcina eSomalia, waba nezinhlungu ezinzima esiswini. Odokotela bameluleke ukuthi ashiye imishini futhi aphendukele ngokushesha ezinkanyisweni zaseYurophu, kepha wenqaba.
UHepburn wahlolwa ikhwalithi lapho efika ekhaya. Odokotela bathole ukuthi unesimila ekholoni lakhe, ngenxa yalokho wahlinzwa ngempumelelo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, umculi waphinde waqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki.
Kwavela ukuthi isimila saholela ekwakhekeni kwe-metastases. U-Audrey waxwayiswa ukuthi wayengeke aphile isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yalokho, waya eSwitzerland, edolobheni laseToloshenaz, ngoba odokotela babengasakwazi ukumsiza.
Uchithe izinsuku zokugcina ezungezwe yizingane nomyeni wakhe amthandayo. U-Audrey Hepburn ushone ngoJanuwari 20, 1993 eneminyaka engama-63.
Isithombe ngu-Audrey Hepburn
