UVasily Ivanovich Chuikov (1900-1982) - Umholi wezempi waseSoviet noMarshal weSoviet Union. Kabili iHero leSoviet Union.
UMkhuzi Oyinhloko Wezempi Zomhlaba ze-USSR - Iphini LikaNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela (1960-1964), uMphathi Wezempi Zomphakathi (1961-1972).
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaChuikov, esizokutshela ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho i-biography emfushane kaVasily Chuikov.
Umlando kaChuikov
UVasily Chuikov wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 12 (Januwari 31) 1900 edolobhaneni laseSerebryanye Prudy (esifundazweni saseTula). Abazali bakhe, u-Ivan Ionovich no-Elizaveta Fedorovna, babengabalimi abavamile abakhulisa izingane eziyi-13.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Lapho uVasily eneminyaka engu-7 ubudala, abazali bakhe bamthumela esikoleni sesifunda, lapho afunda khona iminyaka engu-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, lo mfana waya kobheka umsebenzi ePetrograd. Lapho, wafunda e-workshop ye-spur futhi ngezikhathi ezithile wasebenza njenge-locksmith.
Ngo-1917, u-Chuikov wakhonza njengomfana omncane weqembu lezimayini eKronstadt. Ngonyaka olandelayo, wathatha izifundo zokuqeqeshelwa ezempi. Ehlobo lika-1918, le nsizwa yabamba iqhaza ekucindezeleni ukuvukela kwabaKhuseli Bezenhlalo.
UVasily Chuikov wabonisa okokuqala ithalente lakhe njengomlawuli phakathi neMpi Yombango. Esikhathini esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka, wakwazi ukukhuphukela esigabeni sokuba ngumlawuli weqembu elihamba ngezinyawo. Wabamba iqhaza ezimpini, ngenxa yalokho wathola amanxeba amane.
Lapho uChuikov eneminyaka engu-22 ubudala, wanikezwa ama-oda ama-2 we-Red Banner, kanye nesikhali segolide esenziwe ngezifiso newashi. Ngesikhathi somlando wakhe, uVasily wayesevele eyilungu leqembu lamaBolshevik.
Umbutho wezempi
Ekupheleni kweMpi Yombango Chuikov iziqu Military Academy. UFrunze. Ngo-1927 waphathiswa isikhundla sokuba umsizi womnyango endlunkulu yesifunda saseMoscow. Ngemuva kwalokho waqokwa waba ngumeluleki wezempi eChina.
Kamuva, uVasily wathatha izifundo e-Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-30, wayengumkhuzi webutho lesibhamu, wabe esehola iqembu leBobruisk eBelarus.
Ekwindla ka-1939, iqembu lika-Chuikov labunjwa yi-4 Army, eyabamba iqhaza emkhankasweni wasePoland we-Red Army. Umphumela walo mkhankaso kwaba ukungezwa kwezindawo ezisempumalanga yePoland zayiswa e-USSR.
Ekupheleni konyaka ofanayo, wayala i-9th Army, eyalwa empini yeSoviet-Finnish. Ngokusho kukaVasily Ivanovich, lo mkhankaso wawungenye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu futhi ezinzima kumlando wakhe wezempi. Amasosha aseRussia awazange ashushuluze kahle, kuyilapho abaseFinland beshibilika kahle futhi beyazi kahle le ndawo.
Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-1940 kuya ku-1942 uChuikov wayeseChina, njengomeluleki nomkhuzi webutho lamaShayina kuChiang Kai-shek. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi empeleni kwakukhona impi yombango eChina, phakathi kwamabutho ezempi kaChiang Kai-shek noMao Zedong.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amaShayina amelana nabahlaseli baseJapan abaphatha iManchuria nezinye izindawo. Umkhuzi waseRussia wabhekana nomsebenzi onzima - ukugcina ubumbano phambili embusweni empini neJapan.
Naphezu kwezingxabano zamasosha, uVasily Chuikov ukwazile ukuzinzisa isimo nokuvikela imingcele eseMpumalanga Ekude ye-USSR evela eJapan. Ngemuva kwalokho, wafaka isicelo sokubuyela eRussia, eyalwa ngawo wonke amandla ayo namaNazi.
Ngokushesha, ubuholi baseSoviet bathumela uChuikov eStalingrad, okwakudingeka avikelwe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayesele esesikhundleni se-lieutenant general, owayenolwazi olukhulu kakhulu kwezempi.
Ibutho likaVasily Ivanovich laduma ngokuvikela izinyanga eziyisithupha uStalingrad. Amabutho akhe, angaphansi kwamaNazi ngenani lamasosha, amathangi nezindiza, enza umonakalo omkhulu esitheni, abhubhisa amaNazi angaba ngu-20 000 nemishini eminingi yempi.
Njengoba wazi, iMpi yaseStalingrad ingenye yezinkulu kakhulu emlandweni wesintu. Ngokwesilinganiso esilinganisiwe, amasosha aseSoviet angaphezu kuka-1,1 namasosha aseJalimane angaba ngu-1.5 afela kuwo.
Ngenxa yokucabanga okungaphandle kwebhokisi, amaqhinga ashintsha kakhulu nokuhlaselwa okusheshayo, uChuikov wabizwa ngegama elithi - General Sturm. Wayengumbhali wombono wokwenza amaqembu okuhlaselwa, ahlala eshintsha indawo yawo futhi aletha ukuhlaselwa okungalindelekile ezikhundleni zezitha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lezi zinhlaka zazinabacuphi, onjiniyela, abavukuzi, amakhemikhali kanye nabanye "ochwepheshe."
Ngenxa yobuqhawe bakhe nokunye impumelelo, Chuikov waklonyeliswa Order of Suvorov, 1 degree. Eminyakeni eyalandela, ujenene walwa ezinhlangothini ezahlukahlukene, futhi wabamba iqhaza ekuthinjweni kweBerlin.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kokuthunyelwe komyalo weChuikov, umphathi webutho laseBerlin, uGeneral Weidling, usayine ukunikelwa kwebutho lakhe futhi wanikela.
Phakathi neminyaka yempi, uVasily Chuikov wanikezwa kabili isihloko se-Hero of the Soviet Union. Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, wakhonza eJalimane ezikhundleni eziphezulu. Ngo-1955 wanikezwa isicoco sikaMarshal waseSoviet Union.
Ngeminyaka yama-60s, ujenene waba ngu-Commander-in-Chief we-Ground Forces, iPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela e-USSR kanye nenhloko yokuqala ye-Civil Defense. Lapho eneminyaka engama-72, wafaka incwadi yokwesula.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Unkosikazi womlawuli kwakunguValentina Petrovna, ahlala naye iminyaka emide engama-56. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana waba nomfana u-Alexander namantombazane amabili - uNinel no-Irina.
Ukufa
UVasily Ivanovich Chuikov ushone ngoMashi 18, 1982 eneminyaka engama-82. Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokufa kwakhe, wacela ukungcwatshwa eMamayev Kurgan eduze kwesikhumbuzo saseMotherland. Wayefuna ukulala namasosha ebutho lakhe afela eStalingrad.
Izithombe zeChuikov
