UPavel A. Sudoplatov (1907-1996) - Isikhulu sezobunhloli saseSoviet, isaboteur, umsebenzi we-OGPU (kamuva owaba yi-NKVD - NKGB), ngaphambi kokuboshwa kwakhe ngo-1953 - uLieutenant General woMnyango Wezangaphakathi wase-USSR. Isuse inhloko ye-OUN Yevgeny Konovalets, yahlela ukubulawa kukaLeon Trotsky. Ngemuva kokuboshwa kwakhe, wadonsa iminyaka eyi-15 ejele futhi wavuselelwa ngo-1992 kuphela.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography yeSudoplatov, esizokhuluma ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kukhona i-biography emfushane kaPavel Sudoplatov.
Biography Sudoplatov
UPavel Sudoplatov wazalwa ngoJulayi 7 (20), 1907 edolobheni laseMelitopol. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emkhayeni we-miller Anatoly Sudoplatov.
Uyise wayengumuntu wase-Ukraine ngobuzwe, futhi umama wakhe wayengumRussia.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Lapho uPavel eneminyaka engu-7 ubudala, waqala ukufunda esikoleni sendawo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, abazali bakhe badlula emhlabeni, ngenxa yalokho waba yintandane.
Ngokushesha umfana-12 wajoyina omunye regiment we-Red Army, ngenxa yalokho uye wabamba iqhaza eziningana izimpi.
Kamuva wabanjwa uSudoplatov, kepha wakwazi ukuphunyula ngempumelelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, wabalekela e-Odessa, lapho aba yingane engenakhaya kanye nesinxibi, esebenza ethekwini ngezikhathi ezithile.
Lapho "amaBomvu" ekhulula u-Odessa "Kwabamhlophe", uPavel waphinde wajoyina iRed Army. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14, waqala ukukhonza eSigabeni Esikhethekile se-Infantry Division, ethatha izifundo ezikhethekile zokuqeqesha.
Ngaleso sikhathi ku-biography yakhe, uPavel Sudoplatov wazi kahle amakhono opharetha wezingcingo kanye nomabhalane we-cipher.
Ngemuva kwalokho le nsizwa yaqala ukusebenza njengomphenyi omncane ku-GPU. Wengamele umsebenzi wama-ejenti angene ezindaweni zaseJalimane, eGrisi naseBulgaria.
Umsebenzi nomsebenzi
Ngo-1933 uSudoplatov wasebenza eMnyangweni Wezangaphandle we-OGPU. Njengoba ayelwazi kahle ulimi lwase-Ukraine, wabelwa ukulwa nabashisekeli bezwe lase-Ukraine.
UPavel wathunyelwa kaningi ohambweni lwamabhizinisi angaphandle, lapho azama khona ukungena ngesikhungu sezwe.
Ngenxa yalokho, ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa uSudoplatov wakwazi ukuzungezwa abaholi be-OUN, umholi wabo kwakunguYevgeny Konovalets.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi owokugcina wayefuna ukuphatha amazwe ase-Ukraine, bese enza umbuso ohlukile kuwo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kweJalimane lamaNazi.
Ngo-1938, uPavel ngokwakhe wabika kuJoseph Stalin ngesimo sezinto. Umholi wabantu wamyala ukuba ahole umsebenzi wokuqeda umholi wezwe lase-Ukraine.
NgoMeyi wonyaka ofanayo, uSudoplatov wahlangana noKovalets e-Atlanta Hotel eRotterdam. Lapho wamnikeza ibhomu elifihlwe njengebhokisi likashokoledi.
Ngemuva kokuvalwa okuphumelelayo kwesisulu sakhe, uPavel wabalekela eSpain, lapho, ecashe ngokuthi uPole, wayekhona endaweni ye-NKVD.
Lapho ebuyela ezweni lakubo, uSudoplatov wayephathiswe ukuhola uMnyango Wezangaphandle we-NKVD ye-USSR, kepha ngokushesha wehliselwa esikhundleni senhloko yegatsha laseSpain.
Ngaleso sikhathi, imidwebo yomlando kaPavel ibisolwa ngokuba nokuxhumana "nezitha zabantu", ezingathunyelwa ekudingisweni noma zidutshulwe. Kwakungenxa yokubonga kobuholi be-NKVD ukuthi wakwazi ukuhlala ezinhlanganweni.
Emhlanganweni ojwayelekile noStalin, uPavel wathola umyalo wokuhola ukusebenza kweDada ukuqeda uLeon Trotsky. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-Agasti 21, 1940, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okwakuhlelwe ngokucophelela, yena kanye nabangane bakhe, bakwazi ukuhlela ukubulawa kukaTrotsky eMexico.
Ngobusuku bangaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II (1941-1945) uSudoplatov waba yisekela lenhloko yomnyango wokuqala wezobunhloli we-NKGB. Ngolwazi oluningi kwezobunhloli, wafundisa isikhashana eNKVD Special Purpose School.
UPavel Anatolyevich wabamba iqhaza ekuhlonyweni kweWestern Ukraine kuya eUSSR. Wayalwa futhi ukuthi enze imisebenzi yokuhlola ukuthola izindaba zokuqala zokuhlaselwa ngamaNazi.
Ekuphakameni kwempi, uSudoplatov wayephathiswe ukuhola iqembu elikhethekile ukulwa nokufika kweJalimane. Wayesabambe iqhaza ekuhloleni futhi wahlela nokucekela phansi ngemuva kwemigqa yezitha.
Le ndoda ibambe iqhaza emisebenzini ekhethekile yokuphenya ukuthi kungenzeka yini izingxoxo zokuthula nobuholi boMbuso Wesithathu. Ngakho-ke, wazama ukuthola isikhathi sokuhlanganisa izinsiza zaseSoviet. Kamuva, eziningi zezenzo zakhe zizobekwa kuye.
Ngesikhathi se-biography ka-1941-1945. UPavel Sudoplatov uqondise lokho okubizwa ngemidlalo yomsakazo nezikhulu zobunhloli zaseJalimane. Ngaleso sikhathi, wafaka isicelo sakhe kuLavrenty Beria ukuthi akhulule inani labasebenzi ababalulekile emajele, lapho athola khona imvume.
Ekupheleni kwempi, uSudoplatov nabasebenza nabo bathola imininingwane ebalulekile ephathelene nokwakhiwa kwebhomu le-athomu ngososayensi bamaNazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uPavel, kanye noViktor Ilyin, baqala umsebenzi wokubulala u-Adolf Hitler.
Ngemisebenzi eya ezweni lobaba, isikhulu sezobunhloli sanikezwa isikhundla sokuba ngu-lieutenant general. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abasebenzi abangu-28 abasebenza ngaphansi kobuholi bukaSudoplatov bathola isihloko seHero le-USSR.
Phakathi neminyaka yempi, uPavel Anatolyevich wenza ngempumelelo imisebenzi eminingi ekhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokushona kukaStalin, uchungechunge olumnyama lwafika kumlando wakhe.
USudoplatov wasolwa ngokuhlela ukudliwa kwamandla, okwathi ngo-Agasti 1953 waboshwa. Wayesolwa nangokuhlela ukuhlasela kwamaphekula ebhekiswe ebuholini obuphezulu bezwe.
Amacala asenkantolo ahlazisayo aletha uPavel Sudoplatov ukuhlupheka okuningi ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, owayengumphathi jikelele wakhubazeka futhi wagwetshwa iminyaka engu-15 ebhadla ejele. Ngemuva kokudonsa isigwebo sakhe ngokugcwele, wakhululwa ejele ngo-1968.
Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwakhe, uSudoplatov wazinza eMoscow, lapho aqala khona ukubhala. Washicilela izincwadi eziningi, zazo ezazithandwa kakhulu kwakungu- "Intelligence and the Kremlin" kanye ne- "Special Operations. ILubyanka neKremlin. 1930-1950 ".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UPavel wayeshade nowesifazane ongumJuda ogama lakhe lingu-Emma Kaganova. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi le ntombazane yayazi izilimi ezi-5, futhi yayithanda nezincwadi nobuciko.
U-Emma wayengumxhumanisi wama-ejenti we-GPU kumbuthano wobuhlakani base-Ukraine. Wethula izintshisekelo zakhe kuSudoplatov futhi wamqondisa emsebenzini wakhe.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi yize lo mbhangqwana waqala ukuhlala njengendoda nenkosikazi emuva ngo-1928, abashadikazi bakwazile ukwenza ubudlelwano babo bube semthethweni kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-23.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-30, u-Emma noPavel bathuthela eMoscow. Enhlokodolobha, wahola umnyango wezepolitiki oyimfihlo, usasebenza nezazi.
UPavel yena, ubhekene nezazi zobuzwe base-Ukraine. Emndenini wama-scouts, kwazalwa abafana ababili.
Ukufa
Iminyaka ayichitha ejele yaba nomthelela omubi empilweni kaSudoplatov. Usinde ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo oku-3 futhi waba yiso elilodwa, wakhubazeka eqenjini lesibili.
Ngo-1992, kwenzeka isenzakalo esibalulekile ku-biography kaPavel Sudoplatov. Wavuselelwa ngokuphelele futhi wabuyiselwa.
Eminyakeni engu-4 kamuva, ngo-Septhemba 24, 1996, uPavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov washona eneminyaka engama-89.
Izithombe zeSudoplatov
