Ngo-1586, ngomyalo kaTsar Fyodor Ioannovich, idolobha laseTyumen, idolobha lokuqala laseRussia eSiberia, lasungulwa eMfuleni iTura, cishe amakhilomitha angama-300 empumalanga yezintaba zase-Ural. Ekuqaleni, kwakuhlalwa ikakhulukazi ngabantu benkonzo, ababehlala belwa nokugasela kwabantu abayimizulane. Ngemuva kwalokho umngcele waseRussia waya kude empumalanga, kanti iTyumen yaphenduka idolobha lesifundazwe.
Impilo entsha yaphefumulelwa ngokudluliswa komgwaqo onqamula eTobolsk osenyakatho yedolobha. Ukufika kweTrans-Siberian Railway kwanika umfutho omusha ekuthuthukiseni idolobha. Ekugcineni, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zikawoyela negesi engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lamashumi amabili kwenze iTyumen yaba idolobha elichumayo, inani labantu elikhulayo ngisho nangesikhathi sezinhlekelele zabantu kanye nezomnotho.
Ngekhulu lama-21, ukubukeka kukaTyumen kushintshile. Zonke izikhumbuzo zomlando ezibalulekile, amasayithi amasiko, amahhotela eTyumen, isiteshi sesitimela kanye nesikhumulo sezindiza zakhiwa kabusha. Idolobha linenkundla enkulu yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, umgodi omuhle nepaki enkulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yempilo, iTyumen ihlala njalo phakathi kwabaholi.
1. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamadolobha aseTyumen, okubandakanya izindawo zokuhlala zasemadolobheni eziyi-19 ezakhelene neTyumen, zihlanganisa indawo engamamitha-skwele angama-698.5. km. Lokhu kwenza iTyumen idolobha lesithupha ngobukhulu eRussia. Kuphela iMoscow, iSt. Petersburg, iVolgograd, iPerm ne-Ufa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha kanye nengqalasizinda kuhlala ikota yendawo yonke kuphela - iTyumen inendawo yokwandisa.
2. Ekuqaleni kuka-2019, abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-788.5 babehlala eTyumen - okuncane (cishe ngama-50 ayizinkulungwane) ngaphezulu kunaseTogliatti, futhi okucishe kufane nokuseSaratov. UTyumen usezingeni le-18 eRussia ngokwabantu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, leli dolobha lahlala endaweni yama-49 eMbusweni waseRussia, futhi kusukela ngawo-1960, inani labantu baseTyumen selicishe laphindeka kane. Idolobha liphethwe ngabantu baseRussia - cishe abahlali abayi-9 kwabangu-10 baseTyumen ngabantu baseRussia.
3. Ngaphandle kokuthi iTyumen isivele isiyiSiberia, ibanga elisuka edolobheni liya kwamanye amadolobha amakhulu aseRussia alilikhulu ngendlela elingase libonakale ngayo. Kuya eMoscow kusuka eTyumen 2,200 km, kuya eSt. Petersburg - 2900, ebangeni elifanayo ukusuka eTyumen yiKrasnodar. I-Irkutsk, ekude kakhulu kubantu abahlala engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, itholakala eTyumen ebangeni elifanayo ne-Sochi - 3,100 km.
4. Izakhamizi zaseTyumen zivame ukubiza isifunda sazo ngokuthi esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Kukhona into yokukhohlisa kulokhu. Okokuqala, inhlanganisela "isifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke" ibonwa ngokungathi "yisifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke", "isihloko esikhulu somfelandawonye". Eqinisweni, iRiphabhlikhi yaseYakutia neKrasnoyarsk Territory inkulu endaweni kuneSifunda iTyumen, ngakho-ke, ithatha indawo yesithathu kuphela. Okwesibili, futhi le ndawo yesithathu ithathwa yisifunda iTyumen, kucatshangelwa izifunda ezizimele zeYamalo-Nenets neKhanty-Mansiysk. Phakathi kwezifunda "ezihlanzekile", ngaphandle kweKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug neYamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, iTyumenskaya ithatha indawo yama-24, ngemuva kancane kwePerm Territory. 
Imephu yesifunda saseTyumen neKhanty-Mansiysk neYamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Isifunda iTyumen uqobo lwaso yisigaba esiseningizimu kakhulu
5. Kakade ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kwakukhona isekisi langempela nepaki lokuzijabulisa eTyumen. Isekisi - itende lendwangu, elelulwe phezu kwensika ephakeme - lalisendaweni efanayo lapho kutholakala khona isekisi laseTyumen manje. Ipaki yokuzijabulisa enedokodo (manje isikhungo esinjalo sesizobizwa ngethiyetha ehlukahlukene) laliseduze, empambanweni yomgwaqo wamanje waseKhokhryakova nasePervomayskaya. Manje isikole simi esizeni sama-carousels nezindawo ezikhangayo.
6. Phezu kokuthi iTyumen yayiyindawo yokuqapha yombuso waseRussia isikhathi eside, zazingakaze zibe khona izingqinamba zamatshe ezizungeze idolobha. Abahlali baseTyumen kwakudingeka balwe kuphela nabahambahamba, futhi babengazi ukuthi bangathanda kanjani futhi bangathandi ukuhlasela lezi zakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, abaphathi baseTyumen bazilinganisela ekwakhiweni kwezinqaba eziqoshiwe noma eziqoshiwe nokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwazo. Okuwukuphela kwesikhathi lapho ibutho kwakufanele lihlale phansi livinjezelwe kwakungo-1635. AmaTatar aphanga le mizi futhi afohlela ezindongeni, kodwa kwaphela lokho. Ukuzama ukushaya kwahlanjalazwa, kodwa amaTatar enza iqhinga lawo. Benza sengathi babuyela emuva edolobheni, baheha abantu baseTyumen, ababebasukela, babaqamekela babulala bonke abantu.
7. Ngokusemthethweni, uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi eTyumen lwaqala ukusebenza ngo-1864. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwakungeyona ipayipi elijwayelekile elizungeze idolobha, kepha kwakuyisiteshi sokumpompa kuphela esasihambisa amanzi ngomgwaqo wamanje waseVodoprovodnaya echibini lensimbi elisenkabeni yedolobha. Sithathe amanzi echibini ngokwethu. Kwakuyinqubekela phambili engathí sina - kwakunzima kakhulu ukuthwala uTura singene emanzini kusuka ebhange elingumqansa. Kancane kancane, uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi lwathuthukiswa, kwathi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, izakhamuzi ezicebe kakhulu zaseTyumen, kanye namahhovisi namabhizinisi, zazinamapayipi ahlukene anamanzi. Izindleko zamanzi zazicasula kakhulu. Abantu basemadolobheni azimele bakhokha kusuka kuma-ruble angama-50 kuya kwayi-100 ngonyaka, kumabhizinisi balwela ama-ruble angama-200 nangu-300. Izinqolobane zigcine incwadi evela egatsheni laseTyumen leBhange Lombuso laseRussia ngesicelo sokwehlisa imali yonyaka yamanzi kusuka kuma-ruble angama-200 kuye kwayi-100. Ngasikhathi sinye, wonke umsebenzi wokufakwa kohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi wenziwa ngabahlali namabhizinisi ngezindleko zabo.
8. Isifunda saseTyumen savela ngonyaka we-1944 ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwezokuphatha esifundeni sase-Omsk, esasisikhulu nje. Isifunda esisanda kwakhiwa sasihlanganisa iTyumen, iTobolsk ebolile, amadolobha amaningana lapho lesi simo sanikezwa khona kusengaphambili (njengeSalekhard encane kakhulu) nemizana eminingi. Emcimbini nakwezomnotho, kwavela isisho esithi "iTyumen iyinhloko-dolobha yamadolobhana" - bathi, isifunda esinamanzi. Iqiniso lokuthi iTyumen yayingumuzi wokuqala waseRussia eSiberia futhi uhlala, ngokusobala, alizange linakwe.
9. ITyumen iyinhloko-dolobha yabasebenzi bakawoyela, kepha eTyumen uqobo, njengoba besho, akukho phunga lamafutha. Inkambu kawoyela eseduzane nedolobha itholakala cishe ngamakhilomitha angama-800 ukusuka eTyumen. Noma kunjalo, umuntu ngeke athi iTyumen yabela inkazimulo yabasebenzi bakawoyela. Ukuhlinzekwa okuyinhloko kwabasebenzi bakawoyela kwenziwa ngakuloliwe waseTrans-Siberian odlula edolobheni. Futhi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, kwakunguTyumen okwakungumuzi wokuqala lapho abasebenzi bakawoyela negesi babona lapho bebuya ewashini labo. 
Ngisho nombhoshongo wokuqala we-TV eTyumen wawuyi-rig yangempela kawoyela. Manje sekusele uphawu lwesikhumbuzo sakhe kuphela
S. I. Kolokolnikov
10. Imoto yokuqala nokuwukuphela kwayo eTyumen kuze kube ngu-1919 yayiphethwe ngumthengisi wefa uStepan Kolokolnikov. Umnikazi wendlu enkulu yokuhweba, noma kunjalo, wayaziwa ngabantu baseTyumen hhayi kuphela ngenxa yemoto yakhe. Wayengumsizi omkhulu futhi enikela. Uxhase ngemali yokuzivocavoca kwabesifazane, izikole zePeople's kanye nezohwebo. UKolokolnikov wabela imali eningi ukwenza ngcono iTyumen, futhi nomkakhe uqobo wafundisa izifundo ezikoleni. UStepan Ivanovich wayeyiphini likaFirst State Duma, ngemuva kwesikhalazo sikaVyborg wasebenza izinyanga ezintathu ejele eliphakathi neTyumen - umbuso wobukhosi wawunonya. Futhi ngo-1917, amaBolsheviks athembisa ukuthi akhokhe imali eyodwa yama-ruble ayizigidi ezimbili. UKolokolnikov nomndeni wakhe kanye noNdunankulu wokuqala woHulumeni Wesikhashana uGeorgy Lvov ukwazile ukubalekela e-United States. Lapho washona ngo-1925 eneminyaka engama-57.
11. Insizakalo yomlilo eTyumen ibilokhu ikhona kusukela ngo-1739, kodwa izicishamlilo zaseTyumen azikwazanga ukuziqhayisa ngempumelelo ekhethekile. Idolobha elenziwe ngokhuni lakhiwe liminyene kakhulu, ehlobo kuyashisa kakhulu eTyumen, kunzima ukufika emanzini - izimo ezifanele zomlilo. Ngokwezinkumbulo zesakhamuzi saseTyumen, u-Alexei Ulybin, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, imililo yayicishe ibe masonto onke ehlobo. Futhi umbhoshongo osekhona kuze kube namuhla ungowesibili emlandweni wedolobha. Owokuqala, njengawo wonke umnyango wezomlilo, washa waphela ngesidunu somshayeli owayedakiwe owalala endaweni yokufulela utshwala yamaphoyisa. Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet kuphela, lapho kwakhiwa izindlu ngezitini nangamatshe, imililo yanqandwa.
I-Libra tyumen
12. Izikali "iTyumen" zingabhekwa njengezibonakaliso zokuhweba kweSoviet. Noma ngubani owake waya esitolo sokudla saseSoviet uzokhumbula le divayisi enkulu enezitsha ezinkulu nezincane ezinhlangothini nomzimba omile nomcibisholo phakathi. Esifundazweni saseLibra iTyumen iyabonakala namanje. Akumangalisi - kusukela ngo-1959 kuya ku-1994, iTyumen Instrument-Making Plant yakhiqiza izigidi zazo. Izikali "iTyumen" zaze zathunyelwa eNingizimu Melika. Zisakhiqizwa ngamanani amancane, kanti isitshalo eNovosibirsk sikhiqiza izikali zaso, kepha ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Tyumen" - uphawu!
13. ITyumen yanamuhla yidolobha elinethezekile futhi elinethezekile. Futhi ngokusho kwezakhamuzi, idolobha, kanye nezilinganiso ezahlukahlukene, ihlala njalo ezindaweni eziphakeme eRussia. Futhi iTyumen yangaphambi kwenguquko, kunalokho, yayidume ngokungcola kwayo. Ngisho nemigwaqo emaphakathi nezikwele zazingcwatshwe ngokoqobo emhlabathini ngezinkulungwane zezinyawo, izinselo namasondo odaka. Amapheyinti okuqala amatshe avela ngo-1891 kuphela. Indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, uMbusi wakusasa uNicholas II, wayebuya ohambweni olusempumalanga ngeSiberia. Kwakunethuba lokuthi umzila wendlalifa uzodlula eTyumen. Ngokushesha, imigwaqo emaphakathi yedolobha yayigandaywe ngamatshe. Indlalifa ekugcineni yahamba yaya engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia ngeTobolsk, futhi amapheya egalaji ahlala eTyumen.
14. ITyumen ingabhekwa njengenhlokodolobha ye-biathlon yaseRussia. Isakhiwo sesimanjemanje se-biathlon “Pearl of Siberia” sakhiwe budebuduze nedolobha. Kwakufanele isingathe iNdebe yoMhlaba ka-2021 iBiathlon, kodwa ngenxa yamahlazo okusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ilungelo lokusingatha iNdebe Yomhlaba lathathwa kuTyumen. Ngenxa yokudakwa kwezidakamizwa, noma kunalokho, "ukuziphatha okungafanele", umpetha wama-Olimpiki, ongowokuzalwa eTyumen, u-Anton Shipulin, akazange avunyelwe ukubamba iqhaza kuma-Olimpiki ka-2018. Isiqu sompetha wama-Olimpiki e-biathlon sithwalwa futhi yisekela lomqondisi wamanje womnyango wezemidlalo waseTyumen, uLuiza Noskova. U-Alexei Volkov no-Alexander Popov, abazalelwe esifundeni, nabo babhekwa njengezakhamuzi zaseTyumen. U-Anastasia Kuzmina naye wazalelwa eTyumen, kepha udadewabo ka-Anton Shipulin manje uletha udumo kwezemidlalo eSlovakia. Kodwa ezemidlalo iTyumen inamandla hhayi kuphela kwi-biathlon. Oompetha bama-Olimpiki uBoris Shakhlin (i-gymnastics), uNikolai Anikin (ukushushuluza izwe lonke) noRakhim Chakhkiev (isibhakela) bazalelwa edolobheni noma esifundeni. Abashisekeli bokushisekela izwe laseTyumen babala ngisho noMaria Sharapova phakathi kwabahlali baseTyumen - umdlali wethenisi odumile wazalelwa edolobheni laseNyagan, eliseKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Yiqiniso, waqala ukudlala ithenisi eneminyaka engu-4 ngemuva kokuthuthela eSochi, kodwa akekho ongasula iqiniso lokuzalwa.
Isikhumbuzo sika-A.Tekutyev
15. ITyumen Bolshoi Drama Theatre inkulu impela - isebenza esakhiweni esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Usuku olusemthethweni lweshashalazi lubhekwa njengelo-1858 - lapho-ke kwaba khona umdlalo wokuqala waseshashalazini eTyumen. Ihlelwe yiqembu le-amateur. Inkundla yemidlalo yobungcweti yasungulwa ngo-1890 ngumthengisi u-Andrey Tekutyev. Kuze kube ngu-2008, le nkundla yemidlalo ibisebenza egumbini eliguqulwe lasuka kwelinye lamagumbi okugcina eTekutyev, yabe isidlulela esigodlweni samanje. Abanjalo u-Evgeny Matveev noPyotr Velyaminov badlala eTyumen Drama Theatre. Futhi ngokuhlonipha u-Andrei Tekutyev eTyumen, i-boulevard ibizwa ngegama, lapho kwakhiwa khona itshe lesikhumbuzo lomphathi wezobuciko. 
16. ITyumen kwakuyidolobha elinezigaba ezihlukene, cishe zazingekho izicukuthwane, futhi zazihlonishwa ngisho nangaphezulu edolobheni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lokuphila elijwayelekile laliphakeme kunaseYurophu yaseRussia. Hhayi abathengisi nabaphathi baseTyumen abacebe kakhulu babevame ukugubha amaholide ngokumema imindeni engu-15 kuya kwengu-20. Izivakashi zinikezwe izitsha ezilula, kodwa hhayi neze amavolumu alula. Ukuhalalisela kuphuze izingilazi eziningana zotshwala ngisho nasephaseji, lapho bekukulindwe khona izinhlobo eziningana zososeji, inyama ebandayo, ukhukhamba, inyama ebhemayo, njl. Lokhu kwalandelwa ngudizethi, imidanso, amakhadi, futhi ngasekupheleni kusihlwa, kwaphakelwa amakhulu amadombolo, abemukelwa ngenjabulo izivakashi. Ngokungafani nenhloko-dolobha, izakhamizi zaseTyumen zaqala leli holide ngo-2 - 3 pm, kwathi ngabo-9 ebusuku bavame ukuya emakhaya.
17. Uma kubhekwa incazelo enikezwe nguJules Verne endabeni ethi “Mikhail Strogoff”, uTyumen wayedume ngokukhiqiza insimbi nezinsimbi. Ngisho naseTyumen, ngokusho kombhali odumile, bekungakwazi ukuwela uMfula iTobol ngesikebhe, empeleni esigeleza eningizimu-mpumalanga yedolobha. 
Isikhumbuzo sezingane zesikole zaseTyumen ezafa empini
18. Kakade ngoJuni 22, 1941, ihhovisi lokubhaliswa kwamasosha laseTyumen, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezinqunyiwe zokuhlanganisa, selithole izicelo ezibalelwa ku-500 ezivela kumavolontiya. Edolobheni elinabantu abangaba ngu-30,000, kancane kancane kwakhiwa izigaba ezi-3 zezibhamu, uphiko olulwa namathangi namabutho okulwa namathangi (kucatshangelwa abomdabu bezindawo ezakhelene nalabo abasusiwe). Kwakudingeka bangene empini ezinyangeni ezinzima kakhulu zempi. Abomdabu baseTyumen nabesifunda abangaphezu kuka-50 000 kuthathwa ngokusemthethweni njengabafile. Abomdabu bakuleli dolobha, uCaptain Ivan Beznoskov, uSergeant Viktor Bugaev, uKaputeni Leonid Vasiliev, uLieutenant Senior Boris Oprokidnev noKaputeni Viktor Khudyakov baklonyeliswa ngesiqu seHero leSoviet Union.
19. Ngokwe-questionnaire yelinye lamaphephandaba endawo, umuntu angazithatha njengesakhamuzi saseTyumen uma azi ukuthi iTsvetnoy Boulevard ngumgwaqo ophakathi edolobheni, hhayi omunye wemigwaqo yaseMoscow, lapho kunesekisi khona; ITura ngumfula lapho kumi khona uTyumen, kanti isiqeshana se-chess sibizwa nge- "rook"; eTyumen ayikho ende kunazo zonke, kodwa ende kunazo zonke, okungukuthi, itshe lesikhumbuzo lethusi likaVladimir Lenin. Lesi sithombe, esicishe sibe ngamamitha ayi-16 ukuphakama, asigcini ngokuhlonipha umholi wabasebenzi emhlabeni, kodwa futhi sikhumbuza ukuthi umzimba kaLenin ngesikhathi seMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe wagcinwa eTyumen, ekwakheni i-Agricultural Academy.
Isimo sezulu eTyumen sinezwekazi elibukhali. Ngokushisa okuphakathi kwehlobo kuka- + 17 - + 25 ° С namazinga okushisa asebusika ka- -10 - -19 ° С, ehlobo izinga lokushisa lingakhuphukela ku- + 30 - + 37 ° С, kanti ebusika lingahle liye ku -47 ° С. Izakhamizi zaseTyumen ngokwazo zikholelwa ukuthi emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, isimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika, sesibe muncu kakhulu, futhi amakhaza amuncu aya ngokuya ephenduka isigaba sezindaba zikagogo. Futhi ubude bezinsuku ezishisayo eTyumen manje sebude ngokwesithathu kunaseMoscow.
