Amakhowe awumbuso omkhulu kakhulu futhi ohlukahlukene wezilwane zasendle. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abangahilelekile ngokomsebenzi kwi-biology, amakhowe yizidalwa eziphilayo ezikhula ehlathini. Ezinye zazo zidliwe kakhulu, kanti ezinye ziyabulala. Wonke umuntu ohlala eRussia ujwayelene kakhudlwana namakhowe, futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezingu-7 yabantu bezwe angaze awadle. Nayi inketho encane yamaqiniso nezindaba zamakhowe:
1. Izinhlamvu zesikhunta zitholakale kumasampula omoya athathwe ngamaseli wezulu endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-30. Kuvele ukuthi bayaphila.
2. Leyo ngxenye yekhowe esiyidlayo, empeleni, iyitho lokuzala. Isikhunta singazala zombili izinhlamvu nangengxenye yezicubu zazo.
3. Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, kwatholakala amakhowe ezimbiwa phansi. Amatshe okwatholakala kuwo ayeneminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-400 ubudala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amakhowe avela eMhlabeni ngaphambili kakhulu kunama-dinosaurs.
4. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ososayensi isikhathi eside abakwazanga ukubeka amakhowe embusweni wezilwane noma izitshalo. Amakhowe akhula njengezitshalo, awanyakazi, awanawo amalungu omzimba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, azondli nge-photosynthesis. Ekugcineni, amakhowe ahlukaniswa aba ngumbuso ohlukile.
5. Izithombe zamakhowe zitholakale ezindongeni zamathempeli amaMayan nama-Aztec, kanye nasemidwebweni yamatshe eChukchi Arctic.
6. Amakhowe ayethandwa amaGrikhi namaRoma asendulo. AmaGreki abiza ama-truffles ngokuthi "amadayimane amnyama".
7. Enye yezinganekwane eziningi ngoNapoleon ithi lapho umpheki wakhe efaka igilavu yocingo ebiliswe kwisoso samakhowe esidlweni sakusihlwa. Izivakashi zajabula kakhulu, futhi umbusi uqobo wabonga umpheki ngesidlo esihle.
8. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zesikhunta zitholakala cishe yonke indawo, kufaka phakathi olwandle kanye ne-permafrost. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-7 000 zamakhowe cap, futhi zihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-300 zamakhowe adliwayo zikhula endaweni yaseRussia.
9. Ikhowe ngalinye lingaqukatha izinkulungwane eziningi zezinhlamvu. Basakazeke emaceleni ngejubane elikhulu kakhulu - kufika ku-100 km / h. Futhi amanye amakhowe, esimweni sezulu esizolile, akhipha imifudlana emincane yomhwamuko wamanzi kanye nezinhlamvu, avumela izinhlamvu ukuthi zihambe ibanga elide.
10. Ngo-1988, kwatholakala ikhowe elikhulu eJapane. Wayenesisindo esingu-168 kg. Izizathu zalesi gigantism, ososayensi babiza inhlabathi yentaba-mlilo nenqwaba yezimvula ezifudumele.
11. Amakhowe angalinganiselwa ngosayizi we-mycelium. E-United States, kwatholakala ikhowe, i-mycelium yalo esakazeka ngaphezu kwamahektha angama-900, icekela phansi kancane kancane izihlahla ezikhula kule ndawo. Amakhowe anjalo angabhekwa njengesidalwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
12. Ikhowe elimhlophe lihlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa - imvamisa izinsuku eziyi-10 - 12. Ngalesi sikhathi, usayizi wayo uyashintsha usuke ekhanda likaphini uye kumasentimitha ayi-8 - 12 kububanzi bekepisi. Abaphethe amarekhodi bangakhula bafike ku-25 cm ububanzi futhi babe nesisindo esifinyelela ku-6 kg.
13. Amakhowe e-porcini omisiwe anomsoco ngaphezu kwamaqanda, isoseji ebilisiwe noma inyama yenkomo ekhonjiwe. Futhi umhluzi ovela kumakhowe we-porcini omisiwe unomsoco ophindwe kasikhombisa kunomhluzi wenyama. Amakhowe omisiwe nawo aphezulu kakhulu kuma-khalori kunawosawoti noma afakwe emanzini anosawoti, ngakho-ke ukomisa uhlobo lokugcina oluthandwayo. Amakhowe omisiwe ayimpuphu afaka okuhle kunoma iyiphi isoso.
14. Amakhowe awanamsoco nje kuphela. Ziqukethe amavithamini amaningi. Isibonelo, maqondana nokuhlushwa kukavithamini B1, ama-chanterelles afana nesibindi senkomo, futhi kukhona uvithamini D omningi kumakhowe njengasebhotela.
15. Amakhowe aqukethe amaminerali (i-calcium, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-ayoni) nezinto zokulandelela (iodine, i-manganese, ithusi, i-zinc).
16. Amakhowe akufanele adliwe uma unezinkinga zesibindi (hepatitis), izinso kanye ne-metabolism. Futhi, ungondli izingane ezincane ngezitsha zamakhowe - amakhowe anzima kakhulu esiswini.
17. Lapho ukhetha amakhowe, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi iningi lawo lithanda ukuthamba, umswakama, i-humus ecebile futhi ngasikhathi sinye ifudumele kahle inhlabathi. Imvamisa le yimiphetho yehlathi, imiphetho yamadlelo, izindlela noma imigwaqo. Ehlathini lamajikijolo aminyene, awekho neze amakhowe.
18. Ngokumangazayo, kepha ukuvela okwaziwayo futhi kube yisimo sobuthi be-red fly agarics (ngasendleleni, abunabo ubuthi njengezihlobo zabo zezinye izinhlobo) kusikisela ukuthi isikhathi esincane sokukha amakhowe we-porcini siyeza.
19. Udinga ukucubungula futhi upheke amakhowe kuphela nge-aluminium noma izitsha ezihlanganisiwe. Ezinye izinsimbi zisabela ngezinto ezakha amakhowe, okwenza ukuthi owokugcina abe mnyama futhi onakale.
20. Zimbalwa kuphela izinhlobo zamakhowe ezingatshalwa ngokungeyena. Ngaphandle kwama-champignon owaziwayo nama-oyster mushroom, kuphela amakhowe ezinyosi asebusika nasehlobo akhula kahle "ekuthunjweni".