ULeonid Osipovich Utesov (igama langempela ULazaru (I-Leyser) U-Iosifovich Weisbein; uhlobo. 1895) - Umlingisi waseshashalazini waseRussia naseSoviet nomlingisi wefilimu, umculi we-pop, umfundi, umqhubi, umholi we-orchestra, umjabulisi. Umculi Wabantu we-USSR (1965), owaba ngumculi wokuqala we-pop ukunikezwa lesi sihloko.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography ka-Utesov, esizokhuluma ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho i-biography emfushane kaLeonid Utesov.
I-Biography ka-Utesov
ULeonid Utesov wazalwa ngoMashi 10 (22), 1895 e-Odessa. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini kasomabhizinisi omncane (ngokusho kweminye imithombo, i-ejenti yokudlulisela ethekwini) u-Osip Kelmanovich nomkakhe uMalka Moiseevna. Umculi wakusasa wazalwa nodadewabo oyiwele ogama lakhe linguPerlya.
ULeonid (Lazar) wayenabafowabo nodadewabo abayisishiyagalombili, abane babo abangazange baphile ukuze babone iningi labo. Lapho eneminyaka eyi-9, abazali bakhe bathumela indodana yabo esikoleni sezentengiso se-GF Faig.
Ngokusho komlingisi uqobo, waxoshwa esikhungweni semfundo ngenxa yokungqubuzana nothisha wezenkolo. Lapho uthisha esho u-Utyosov, wangcolisa izingubo zakhe ngoshoki nangoyinki. Cishe esikhathini esifanayo se-biography yakhe, waqala ukufunda i-violin.
Carier isiqalo
Lapho isifinyelele eminyakeni engu-15, le nsizwa yaqala umsebenzi wayo wokuba ngumculi esicongweni esikhulu, lapho yayidlala khona isiginci, iguqulwe yaba ngusomahlaya futhi yenza nezenzo zokudlala. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho athatha khona igama-mbumbulu elithi "Leonid Utesov", lapho aziwa khona emhlabeni wonke.
The guy wayedinga mbumbulu ngesicelo abaphathi. Wabe esenquma ukuqhamuka nesibongo okwakungekho muntu owake wasizwa phambilini. Ngo-1912 wangeniswa eqenjini leKremenchug Theatre of Miniatures, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo wangena eqenjini lase-Odessa likaK. G. Rozanov.
Ngemuva kwalokho u-Utyosov wadlala ezigabeni zamathiyetha amaningi amancane waze wabuthelwa ebusosheni. Ebuyela ekhaya, uthathe indawo yokuqala emncintiswaneni wama-couplets eGomel.
Ezizwa enamandla emandleni akhe, uLeonid waya eMoscow, lapho akwazi khona ukuhlanganisa i-orchestra encane futhi enze nayo engadini yaseHermitage. Ekuphakameni kweMpi Yombango, wahambela amadolobha ahlukene, edlala abalingiswa bamahlaya emidlalweni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ngukuthi ngokusho kwezitatimende zabathile ababhali bama-biographer, umxhasi kaLeonid Utesov wayengumphathi wezobugebengu odumile - uMishka Yaponchik. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwenye yezincwadi zakhe zokuphila komuntu, umculi wakhuluma ngokuthopha kakhulu ngeYaponchik.
Itiyetha namafilimu
Esigabeni semidlalo yaseshashalazini, u-Utyosov waqala ukudlala esemncane. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, wadlala izindima ezingaba ngu-20, eguqula izinhlamvu ezahlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izindima kuma-opereta zazilula kakhulu kuye.
ULeonid wabonakala esikrinini esikhulu ngo-1917, edlala ummeli uZarudny kwifilimu ethi The Life and Death of Lieutenant Schmidt. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5, ababukeli bambona esesimweni sikaPetliura emdwebeni we-Trading House "i-Antanta neCo".
Udumo lwangempela lweza kuye ngo-1934, ngemuva kokubamba iqhaza kumdlalo wamahlaya womculo othi "Merry Guys", lapho inkanyezi engenakulinganiswa noLyubov Orlova nayo yadlala khona.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokukhonjiswa kwefilimu, ngenxa yezinkondlo nezigameko ezishubile kwezepolitiki, ababhali bayo - uNikolai Erdman noVladimir Mass bathunyelwa ekudingisweni, ngenxa yalokho amagama abo asuswa kumakhredithi.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1941-1945), uLeonid Utyosov wayevame ukuhambela neqembu lakhe lomculo emadolobheni ahlukene ukukhulisa umoya wokulwa wamasosha aseSoviet. Ngo-1942 umculo we “Concert to the Front” wawuthandwa kakhulu, lapho enza khona izingoma eziningi. Ngemuva kwalokho wanikezwa isihloko esithi "Umculi Ohlonishwayo we-RSFSR".
Ngo-1954, u-Utyosov wenza umdlalo othi "Umshado Wesiliva". Ngendlela, le ndoda yabonisa intshisekelo enkulu kwezeshashalazi kunasesinema. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iningi lamafilimu ngokubamba kwakhe iqhaza liyi-documentary.
Ngo-1981, ngenxa yezinkinga zenhliziyo, uLeonid Osipovich wanquma ukushiya isiteji. Ngawo lowo nyaka iphrojekthi yokugcina yethelevishini, Around Laughter, yadutshulwa ngokubamba iqhaza komculi.
Umculo
Abantu abaningi bakhumbula uLeonid Utyosov kuqala njengomculi we-pop okwazi ukwenza izingoma ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene kusuka ku-jazz kuya kwezothando. Ngo-1928 waba nenhlanhla yokuvakashela iParis ekhonsathini ye-jazz.
Utyosov kwamhlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-orchestra kangangokuthi ekufikeni kwakhe eLeningrad wasungula eyakhe i- "Tea-Jazz". Ngokushesha wethula uhlelo lweshashalazi lwe-jazz olususelwa emisebenzini ka-Isaac Dunaevsky.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izethameli zingabona cishe bonke abaculi be-orchestra kaLeonid Osipovich ku "Merry Fellows". Kwakukule tepi lapho ingoma edumile ethi "Inhliziyo" yenziwa ngumculi, engazwakala nanamuhla ngezikhathi ezithile emsakazweni naku-TV.
Ngo-1937 u-Utyosov wethula uhlelo olusha oluthi "Songs of My Motherland", ephathisa indodakazi yakhe u-Edith ukuthi azodlala yedwa njengeqembu lakhe. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, waba ngumculi wokuqala waseSoviet ukulingisa kuvidiyo. Phakathi neminyaka yempi, yena kanye neqembu, wenza izingoma zempi nezokushisekela izwe.
Ngama-50s okuqala, u-Edith wanquma ukushiya isiteji, kwathi eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, noLeonid Utesov ngokwakhe walandela isibonelo sakhe. Kuyo yonke iminyaka yobuciko bakhe bokudala, wenza izingoma ezingamakhulu, waba ngo-1965 Umculi Wabantu we-USSR.
Okudume kakhulu kwakuyizingoma ezinjengokuthi "Kusuka ku-Odessa kichman", "Bublikki", "Gop ngokuvalwa", "OLwandle Olumnyama", "amawindi aseMoscow", "i-Odessa Mishka" nezinye eziningi. I-discography yezingoma ezikhethiwe zomculi ifaka ama-albhamu angaphezu kweshumi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Unkosikazi wokuqala osemthethweni ka-Utesov wayengumlingisi u-Elena Iosifovna Goldina (owaziwa nangaphansi kwegama lomgunyathi u-Elena Lenskaya), abenza ubudlelwano naye ngokusemthethweni ngo-1914. Kule nyunyana, kwazalwa indodakazi u-Edith.
Lo mbhangqwana wahlala ndawonye iminyaka engama-48, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kuka-Elena Iosifovna ngo-1962. Ngaleso sikhathi ku-biography yakhe, uLeonid wayesesondelene kakhulu nomdansi u-Antonina Revels, owaba ngo-1982 waba ngumkakhe wesibili.
Kwenzeka ukuthi u-Utesov asinde endodakazini yakhe u-Edith, owashona ngo-1982. Imbangela yowesifazane yokufa kwakuyi-leukemia. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, uLeonid Osipovich wayenezingane ezingekho emthethweni ezivela kubantu besifazane abehlukene, kepha awekho amaqiniso athembekile aqinisekisa izitatimende ezinjalo.
Ukufa
ULeonid Utesov ushone ngoMashi 9, 1982 eneminyaka engama-86, esedlule indodakazi yakhe ngenyanga nangengxenye. Ngemuva kwakhe, washiya izincwadi ezi-5 zokuphila kwakhe, lapho achaza khona izikhathi ezahlukahlukene zempilo yakhe yangasese neyokudala.
Izithombe ze-Utesov
