Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uthole enye indawo evumelana ngobuhle njengePhalamende laseVersailles?! Idizayini yayo yangaphandle, umusa wangaphakathi nendawo yepaki yenziwa ngesitayela esifanayo, yonke inkimbinkimbi ifanelwe ukuqhutshwa ngabamele abasebukhosini. Zonke izivakashi ngokuqinisekile zizozwa umoya wezikhathi zokubusa kwamakhosi, ngoba kulula ukuzama indima yokuba ngumashiqela onamandla, onegunya ezweni lonke, esigodlweni nasendaweni epaki. Asikho isithombe esikwazi ukudlulisa umusa weqiniso, ngoba yonke imitha yale nhlangano icatshangelwa imininingwane emincane kakhulu.
Kafushane ngesigodlo saseVersailles
Mhlawumbe, abekho abantu abangazi ukuthi isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sikuphi. Isigodlo esidumile ukuziqhenya kweFrance nendawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini eyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Itholakala ngaseParis futhi phambilini ibiyisakhiwo esimahhala esinendawo yepaki. Ngokwanda okukhulayo kwale ndawo phakathi kwezicukuthwane ezizungeze iVersailles, kwavela izindlu eziningi, lapho kwakhiwa khona abakhi, izisebenzi, ababuyayo nabanye abantu abavunyelwe ukungena enkantolo.
Umbono wokudala iqembu lesigodlo kwakungekaLouis XIV, owaziwa ngokuthi yi "Sun King". Yena ngokwakhe wafunda wonke amapulani nezithombe ngemidwebo, wenza izinguquko kubo. Umbusi wakhomba iSigodlo saseVersailles esinophawu lwamandla, esinamandla kakhulu futhi esingabhubhi. Inkosi kuphela engenza samuntu inala ephelele, ngakho-ke ukunethezeka nengcebo kuzwakala kuyo yonke imininingwane yesigodlo. I-façade yayo enkulu yelulela amamitha ayi-640, kanti ipaki lihlanganisa amahektha angaphezu kwekhulu.
I-Classicism, eyayisezingeni eliphakeme lokuthandwa ngekhulu le-17, yakhethwa njengesitayela esikhulu. Abakhi abakhiqizi abaningana babambe iqhaza ekwakheni le phrojekthi enkulu, eyahamba ngezigaba eziningana zokwakha. Ngabaphathi abadume kakhulu kuphela abasebenza kumhlobiso ongaphakathi esigodlweni, ukwenziwa kokuqoshwa, okuqoshiwe namanye amagugu obuciko asakuhlobisa.
Umlando wokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esidumile sesigodlo
Kunzima ukusho ukuthi iSigodlo SaseVersailles sakhiwa nini, ngoba umsebenzi wokuhlanganiswa wenziwa ngisho nangemva kokuba inkosi isizinze endaweni yokuhlala entsha futhi iphethe amabhola emahholo amakhulu. Lesi sakhiwo sathola isimo esisemthethweni sendawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini ngo-1682, kodwa kungcono ukusho ngomlando wokwakhiwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo ngokulandelana.
Ekuqaleni, kusukela ngo-1623, esizeni saseVersailles, kwakukhona isigodlo esincane se-feudal, lapho amakhosi asebukhosini ayenenqwaba encane ayekhona ngenkathi ezingela emahlathini endawo. Ngo-1632, izimpahla zamakhosi aseFrance kule ngxenye yezwe zanwetshwa ngokuthengwa kwefa eliseduze. Umsebenzi omncane wokwakha wenziwa edolobhaneni laseVersailles, kepha ukwakhiwa kabusha komhlaba kwaqala kuphela ngokufika kukaLouis XIV.
ILanga King yaba ngumbusi waseFrance kusenesikhathi futhi yakhumbula njalo ukuvukela kwamaFronde, okwakuyisizathu sokuthi indawo yokuhlala eParis yabangela izinkumbulo ezingathandeki kuLouis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esemncane, umbusi wayekuthanda ukunethezeka kwesigodlo sikaNgqongqoshe Wezezimali uNicolas Fouquet futhi wayefisa ukwakha isigodlo saseVersailles, esedlula ubuhle bazo zonke izinqaba ezikhona, ukuze kungabikho muntu ezweni ongabaza ingcebo yenkosi. ULouis Leveaux wamenyelwa endimeni yomakhi, esevele esezimisele ekusebenzeni kwamanye amaphrojekthi amakhulu.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ngesigodlo seDoge.
Kukho konke ukuphila kukaLouis XIV, umsebenzi wenziwa emhlanganweni wesigodlo. Ngaphezu kukaLouis Leveaux, uCharles Lebrun noJules Hardouin-Mansart basebenze ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo; ipaki nezingadi kusesandleni sika-André Le Nôtre. Impahla eyinhloko yePalace of Versailles kulesi sigaba sokwakhiwa yi-Mirror Gallery, lapho imidwebo ishintshana namakhulu ezibuko. Futhi ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi iLanga, i-Battle Gallery neGrand Trianon kwavela, futhi kwakhiwa indlu yesonto.
Ngo-1715, amandla adluliselwa kuLouis XV oneminyaka emihlanu, yena, kanye neqembu lakhe, ababuyela eParis futhi isikhathi eside wayengabandakanyeki ekwakhiweni kabusha kweVersailles. Phakathi neminyaka yokubusa kwakhe, iSalon of Hercules yaqedwa, nokwakhiwa kwe-King's Small Apartments. Impumelelo enkulu kulesi sigaba sokwakhiwa ukwakhiwa kweLittle Trianon nokuphothulwa kwe-Opera Hall.
Izingxenye zesigodlo nendawo yepaki
Akunakwenzeka nje ukuchaza izinto ezibukwayo zeNdlu Yesigodlo saseVersailles, ngoba konke okukuleli qoqo kuyazwana futhi kuyinhle kangangokuba noma iyiphi imininingwane ingumsebenzi wobuciko wangempela. Ngesikhathi sohambo, kufanele uvakashele lezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
Ekungeneni okuyinhloko kwendawo yesigodlo, kunesango elenziwe ngegolide, lihlotshiswe ngejazi lezingalo nomqhele. Isikwele esiphambi kwesigodlo sihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso ebaziwe etholakala ngaphakathi kwegumbi elikhulu nakuyo yonke ipaki. Ungathola ngisho nesithombe sikaKhesari, esasinamasiko amaFulentshi.
Kufanele futhi sisho iVersailles Park njengoba iyindawo ehlukile, ejabulisa ngokuhlukahluka kwayo, ubuhle nobuqotho bayo. Kukhona imithombo ehlotshiswe ngokumangalisayo enamalungiselelo omculo, izingadi zezitshalo, izindawo zokugcina izithombo, amachibi okubhukuda. Izimbali ziqoqwa emibhedeni yezimbali engajwayelekile, futhi izihlahlana zimiswa minyaka yonke.
Iziqephu ezibalulekile emlandweni weVersailles
Yize isigodlo saseVersailles sasetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala isikhashana, sabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ezweni - ngekhulu le-19 lathola isikhundla semyuziyamu kazwelonke, lapho imidwebo eminingi, imidwebo nemidwebo yathuthwa khona.
Ngokuhlulwa empini yaseFranco-Prussian, izindlu ezinkulu zaba impahla yamaJalimane. Bakhethe iHall of Mirrors ukuthi bazibize ngoMbuso waseJalimane ngo-1871. AmaFrance acasulwa yindawo ayikhethile, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokunqotshwa kweJalimane eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala, lapho iVersailles ibuyiselwa eFrance, kwasayinwa isivumelwano sokuthula egumbini elilodwa.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-50s yekhulu lama-20, kuye kwavela isiko eFrance ngokuya ngokuthi bonke abaholi bezwe ababevakashile babezohlangana nomongameli eVersailles. Kuma-90s kuphela lapho kwathathwa isinqumo sokushiya leli siko ngenxa yokuthandwa kakhulu kweVersailles Palace phakathi kwabavakashi.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngesigodlo saseVersailles
Amakhosi akwamanye amazwe avakashela indawo eyingqophamlando yaseFrance amangazwa umusa nokunethezeka kwesigodlo sasebukhosini futhi kaningi, lapho ebuyela ekhaya, azama ukuvuselela izigodlo ezingacociwe ezinemiklamo efanayo. Vele, awutholi ukudalwa okufanayo noma kuphi emhlabeni, kepha izinqaba eziningi e-Italy, e-Austria naseJalimane zinokufana okuthile. Ngisho nezigodlo zasePeterhof naseGatchina zenziwa nge-classicism efanayo, ziboleka imibono eminingi.
Kuyaziwa ngezincazelo zomlando ukuthi kwakunzima kakhulu ukugcina izimfihlo esigodlweni, ngoba uLouis XIV wayekhetha ukwazi ukuthi yini eyayisezingqondweni zezikhulu zakhe ukuze kugwenywe uzungu nokuvukela. Le nqaba inezicabha eziningi ezifihliwe nezindima eziyimfihlo, ezazaziwa kuphela yinkosi nakubakhi bezakhiwo abaziklanyile.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi iLanga, cishe zonke izinqumo zazithathwa esigodlweni saseVersailles, ngoba izikhulu nabantu abasondelene ne-autocrat babekhona ubusuku nemini. Ukuze abe yingxenye yababekhona, umuntu kwakudingeka ahlale eVersailles njalo futhi aye emicimbini yansuku zonke, lapho uLouis wayevame ukunikeza amalungelo.
