UDavid Bowie (igama langempela UDavid Robert Jones; 1947-2016) ungumculi we-rock waseBrithani futhi umbhali wengoma, umkhiqizi, umculi, umqambi nomlingisi. Kwaphela isigamu sekhulu ehlanganyela kwezobuciko bomculo futhi evame ukushintsha isithombe sakhe, ngenxa yalokho wathola isidlaliso "chameleon we-rock music".
Kuthonywe abaculi abaningi, wayaziwa ngamakhono akhe wezwi kanye nencazelo ejulile yomsebenzi wakhe.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaDavid Bowie, esizokhuluma ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaDavid Robert Jones.
Umlando kaDavid Bowie
UDavid Robert Jones (Bowie) wazalwa ngoJanuwari 8, 1947 eBrixton, eLondon. Ukhule futhi wakhulela emndenini ongahlangene nakancane nebhizinisi lombukiso.
Uyise, uHayward Stanton John Jones, wayeyisisebenzi sesisekelo sokusiza, futhi uMama wakhe, uMargaret Mary Pegy, wayesebenza njenge-cashier kumabhayisikobho.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Emncane kakhulu, uDavid waya esikoleni sokulungiselela, lapho azikhombisa khona ukuthi ungumntwana onesiphiwo futhi okhuthazayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, wayengumfana ongalawuleki futhi ohlazisayo.
Lapho uBuyie eqala ukuya esikoleni samabanga aphansi, waba nentshisekelo kwezemidlalo nomculo. Udlale iqembu lebhola lezinyawo esikoleni esiphakeme iminyaka embalwa, wahlabelela ekhwayeni yesikole samabanga aphezulu futhi wazi kahle nomtshingo.
Kungekudala, uDavid wabhalisela isitudiyo somculo nezobuciko, lapho akhombisa khona amakhono akhe ahlukile wokudala. Othisha bathe ukuhumusha kwakhe nokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza kwakhe "kuyamangalisa" enganeni.
Ngalesi sikhathi, uBuyie waba nentshisekelo ku-rock and roll, okwakusanda ngamandla. Wawuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu umsebenzi ka-Elvis Presley, yingakho athola amarekhodi amaningi we "King of Rock and Roll". Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mfana waqala ukufunda ukudlala upiyano kanye nokulele - isiginci esinezintambo ezine.
Eminyakeni elandelayo yomlando wakhe, uDavid Bowie uqhubeke nokufunda izinsimbi zomculo ezintsha, kamuva waba ngumdlali wezinsimbi eziningi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kamuva wadlala ngokukhululekile ihabhu, i-synthesizer, i-saxophone, izigubhu, i-vibraphone, i-koto, njll.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi le nsizwa yayingakwesobunxele, ngenkathi iphethe isigingci njengomuntu ophethe ngesandla sokudla. Ukuthanda kwakhe umculo kwaba nomthelela omubi ezifundweni zakhe, yingakho engaziphumelelanga izivivinyo zakhe zokugcina futhi waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe ekolishi lobuchwepheshe.
Eminyakeni engu-15, kwenzeka indaba engathandeki kuDavid. Ngesikhathi kuliwa nomngani wakhe, ulimale kanzima iso lakhe langakwesokunxele. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni ezinyangeni ezine ezalandela osemusha wachitha esibhedlela, lapho ahlinza khona kaningana.
Odokotela abakwazanga ukubuyisa ngokuphelele umbono kaBuyie. Kuze kuphele izinsuku zakhe, wabona konke ngeso elonakele ngokusobala.
Umculo nobuciko
UDavid Bowie wasungula iqembu lakhe lokuqala le-rock, i-The Kon-rads, eneminyaka engu-15. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ibandakanya uGeorge Underwood, owalimala esweni.
Kodwa-ke, ngokungaboni umdlandla wabalingani bakhe, insizwa yanquma ukumshiya, waba yilungu le-The King Bees. Ngemuva kwalokho wabhalela usozigidi uJohn Bloom, emmema ukuthi abe ngumkhiqizi wakhe futhi azuze enye i- $ 1 million.
U-oligarch wayengenandaba nesiphakamiso somfana, kepha wayinika uLeslie Conn, omunye wabashicileli bezingoma zeBeatles. U-Leslie wabeka ukholo lwakhe ku-Bowie futhi wasayina inkontileka ezosiza naye.
Kungaleso sikhathi lapho lo mculi wathatha khona igama elithi "Bowie" ukugwema ukudideka nomculi uDavey Johnson weThe Monkees. Njengomuntu othanda ubuciko bukaMick Jagger, wafunda ukuthi i- "jagger" ihumusha ngokuthi "ummese", ngakho-ke uDavid wathatha igama elingumbombayi (Bowie uhlobo oluthile lwemimese yokuzingela).
Umculi we-Rock uDavid Bowie wazalwa ngoJanuwari 14, 1966, lapho eqala ukudlala neThe Lower Third. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi ekuqaleni izingoma zakhe bezitholwa ngumphakathi zipholile. Ngalesi sizathu, uConn uthathe isinqumo sokuqeda isivumelwano sakhe nalo mculi.
Kamuva, uDavid washintsha iqembu elingaphezu kwelilodwa, futhi wakhipha namarekhodi awodwa. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wakhe awuzange uqaphele. Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi isikhathi esithile wanquma ukushiya umculo, eqhutshwa ubuciko beshashalazi namasekisi.
Isiteji sokuqala somculo sikaB Bowie safika ngo-1969 lapho kukhishwa i-hit yakhe ethi Space Oddity. Kamuva, kwakhululwa idiski enegama elifanayo, elathola ukuthandwa okukhulu.
Ngonyaka olandelayo kwaphuma i-albhamu yesithathu kaDavid ethi "The Man Who Sold the World", lapho izingoma "ezisindayo" zanqoba khona. Ochwepheshe babize le disc ngokuthi "ukuqala kwenkathi yedwala le-glam." Ngokushesha umculi wasungula iqembu elithi "Hype", elidlala ngaphansi kwegama lomgunyathi uZiggy Stardust.
Njalo ngonyaka uBieie wadonsa ukunakwa komphakathi ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yalokho wakwazi ukuthola ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Impumelelo yakhe ethile yeza ngo-1975, ngemuva kokuqoshwa kwe-albhamu entsha ethi "Young Americans", eyayinengoma ethi "Fame". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wadlala kabili eRussia.
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uDavid wethula enye i-disc "Izilo Ezesabekayo", ezamlethela udumo olukhulu kakhulu, futhi zaba nempumelelo enkulu kwezentengiso. Ngemuva kwalokho, wasebenza ngempumelelo neqembu lenkolo iQueen, aqopha nalo ingoma edumile ethi "Under Pressure".
Ngo-1983, lo mfana uqopha idiski entsha ethi "Masidanse", esithengise izigidi zamakhophi - amakhophi ayizigidi eziyi-14!
Ngama-90s okuqala, uDavid Bowie wazama ngenkuthalo abalingiswa besiteji nezinhlobo zomculo. Ngenxa yalokhu, waqala ukubizwa "ngonwabu bomculo we-rock." Kule minyaka eyishumi ukhiphe ama-albhamu amaningi, kuwo i- "1.Outside" ibidume kakhulu.
Ngo-1997, uBuyie wathola inkanyezi eyenziwe yaba ngeyakhe eHollywood Walk of Fame. Esikhathini seminyaka eyi-millennium entsha, wethule amanye ama-disc ama-4, owokugcina kuwo kwakungu- "Blackstar". Ngokusho kwephephabhuku iRolling Stone, iBlackstar yaqokwa njengobuciko obungcono kakhulu bukaDavid Bowie kusukela ngawo-70s.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yobuciko bakhe bokudala, umculi ushicilele izinto eziningi zomsindo nevidiyo:
- ama-albhamu we-studio - 27;
- ama-albhamu aphilayo - 9;
- amaqoqo - 49;
- abodwa - 121;
- amavidyo kliphu - 59.
Ngo-2002, uBowie wabizwa phakathi kwama-100 Greatest Britons futhi waqokwa njengomculi odume kakhulu kunabo bonke. Ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, ngo-2017 wanikezwa ama-BRIT Awards esigabeni esithi "Best British Performer".
Amafilimu
I-rock star yaphumelela hhayi emkhakheni womculo kuphela, kodwa nakwisinema. Ebhayisikobho, wayedlala ikakhulukazi abaculi abahlukahlukene bamahlongandlebe.
Ngo-1976, uBuyie wanikezwa umklomelo weSaturn we-Best Actor ngendima yakhe kwifilimu emnandi ethi The Man Who Fell to Earth. Kamuva, ababukeli bambona efilimini yezingane ethi "Labyrinth" nasemdlalweni weshashalazi othi "Igigolo elihle, igigolo elimpofu".
Ngo-1988, uDavid wathola indima kaPontius Pilatu kuThe Last Temptation of Christ. Wabe esedlala i-ejenti le-FBI emdlalweni wobugebengu iTwin Peaks: Fire Through. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, lo mculi wadlala entshonalanga ye- "My Wild West".
Eminyakeni elandelayo yomlando wakhe, uBuyie wabamba iqhaza ekuqopheni i- "Ponte" ne "Model Male". Umsebenzi wakhe wokugcina kwakuyifilimu ethi "Prestige", lapho aguqulwa khona waba nguNikola Tesla.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Lapho ethandwa kakhulu, uDavid wavuma esidlangalaleni ukuthi uthanda abesilisa nabesifazane. Kamuva uwaphikisile la mazwi, wawabiza ngephutha elikhulu empilweni.
Le ndoda yabuye yengeza ukuthi ukulala nabobulili obuhlukile akukaze kumlethele injabulo. Esikhundleni salokho, kwabangelwa "ukuthambekela kwemfashini" kwaleso sikhathi. Wayeshade ngokusemthethweni kabili.
Isikhathi sokuqala lapho uDavid athembisana khona nokumodela u-Angela Barnett, ahlala naye iminyaka engaba yishumi. Kule nyunyana, lo mbhangqwana wawunomfana, uDuncan Zoey Heywood Jones.
Ngo-1992, uBowie washada no-Iman Abdulmajid oyisibonelo. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi u-Iman wabamba iqhaza ekuqopheni ividiyo kaMichael Jackson ethi "Khumbula Isikhathi". Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana wawunentombazane egama lingu-Alexandria Zahra.
Ngo-2004, lo mculi wahlinzwa kanzima inhliziyo. Waqala ukubonakala esiteji kaningi, ngoba inkambo yokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa yayinde kakhulu.
Ukufa
UDavid Bowie ushone ngoJanuwari 10, 2016 eneminyaka engama-69 ngemuva kweminyaka engu-1.5 elwa nomdlavuza wesibindi. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kule nkathi emfushane wahlaselwa yizinhliziyo eziyisithupha! Waqala ukuhlangabezana nezinkinga zempilo ebusheni bakhe, lapho eqala ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
Ngokwencwadi yefa, umndeni wakhe wazuza ngaphezu kuka- $ 870 million, kungabalwa izithabathaba zamazwe emazweni ahlukene. Isidumbu sikaBowie sashiswa futhi umlotha wangcwatshwa endaweni eyimfihlo eBali, ngoba wayengafuni ukukhonza itshe lakhe.
Isithombe nguDavid Bowie
