Yini i-inflation? Leli gama silizwa kakhulu ezincwadini zezindaba ze-TV nasengxoxweni yansuku zonke. Futhi-ke, abantu abaningi abayazi incazelo eqondile yalo mqondo noma bamane bawudidanise nawo, ngamanye amagama.
Kule ndatshana sizokutshela ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukwehla kwamandla emali nokuthi kungasongela hlobo luni kuhulumeni.
Kusho ukuthini ukwehla kwamandla emali
Ukwehla kwamandla emali (lat. inflatio - bloating) - ukukhuphuka kwezinga elijwayelekile lamanani ezimpahla nezinsizakalo isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi sokwehla kwamandla emali, inani elifanayo lemali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lizokwazi ukuthenga izimpahla nezinsizakalo ezimbalwa kunakuqala.
Ngamazwi alula, ukwehla kwamandla emali kuholela ekwehleni kwamandla okuthenga ama-banknotes, eyehlise inani futhi alahlekelwa yinani lawo langempela. Isibonelo, namuhla isinkwa sesinkwa sibiza ama-ruble angama-20, ngemuva kwenyanga - ama-ruble angama-22, futhi ngenyanga kamuva kubiza ama-ruble angama-25.
Ngenxa yalokhu, amanani akhuphukile, ngenkathi amandla okuthenga emali, kunalokho, anciphile. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwehla kwamandla emali akuhlangene nokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo kanye futhi ngasikhathi sinye akusho ukwenyuka kwawo wonke amanani emnothweni, ngoba izindleko zezimpahla ezithile nezinsizakalo zingahlala zingashintshi noma zehle.
Inqubo yokwehla kwamandla emali ingokwemvelo impela emnothweni wanamuhla futhi ibalwa kusetshenziswa iphesenti. Ukwehla kwamandla emali kungadalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene:
- ukukhishwa kwemali engamaphepha eyengeziwe ukumboza ukusilela kwesabelomali;
- ukwehliswa kwe-GDP ngevolumu esele yemali kazwelonke esetshenziswayo;
- ukushoda kwezimpahla;
- ukubusa wedwa;
- ukungazinzi kwezepolitiki noma kwezomnotho, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlonyiswa ngokushesha kombuso (ezempi) kungaholela ekwehleni kwamandla emali. Okusho ukuthi, imali eningi yabelwe isabelomali sikahulumeni sokukhiqiza noma ukuthengwa kwezikhali, ngaphandle kokunikeza abantu izimpahla. Ngenxa yalokhu, izakhamizi zinemali, kepha azidingi mishini yezibhamu kanye namathangi, okusetshenziselwe wona imali yesabelomali.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali okujwayelekile kungu-3 kuye ku-5% ngonyaka. Le nkomba ijwayelekile emazweni anomnotho othuthukile. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphandle kokukhuphuka kwemali, amaholo kanye nezinzuzo zomphakathi zizokhula kancane, okubandakanya konke ukushiyeka.
