UHarry Houdini (igama langempela U-Eric Weiss; 1874-1926) ungumkhohlisi waseMelika, opha abantu okuhle nomlingisi. Waduma ngokuveza abakhohlisi namasu ayinkimbinkimbi ngokusinda nokukhishwa.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaHoudini, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaHarry Houdini.
I-biography kaHoudini
U-Eric Weiss (Harry Houdini) wazalwa ngoMashi 24, 1874 eBudapest (Austria-Hungary). Wakhuliswa futhi wakhulela emndenini wamaJuda ozinikele kaMein Samuel Weiss noCecilia Steiner. Ngaphezu kuka-Eric, abazali bakhe baba namanye amadodakazi namadodana ayisithupha.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Lapho i-illusionist yesikhathi esizayo yayineminyaka engaba ngu-4 ubudala, yena nabazali bakhe bathuthela eMelika, bahlala e-Appleton (Wisconsin). Lapha inhloko yomndeni yaphakanyiselwa ekubeni urabi wesinagoge Lezinguquko.
Ngisho esemncane, uHoudini wayethanda ubuqili bemilingo, wayevame ukuya esekisini nakweminye imicimbi efanayo. Lapho iqembu likaJack Hefler livakashele idolobha labo, ngenxa yalokho abangani bancenga umfana ukuthi ambonise amakhono abo.
UJack wabheka izinombolo zikaHarry ngokumangazayo, kepha intshisekelo yakhe yangempela yavela ngemuva kokubona iqhinga elenziwa yingane. Ulenga phansi, uHoudini waqoqa izinaliti phansi esebenzisa amashiya nezinkophe zakhe. UHefler uncome isangoma esincane futhi wamfisela okuhle.
Lapho uHarry eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, yena nomndeni wakhe bathuthela eNew York. Lapha wakhombisa ubuqili bamakhadi ezindaweni zokuzijabulisa, wabuye weza nezinombolo esebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene.
Ngokushesha uHoudini nomfowabo baqala ukwenza imibukiso nemibukiso emincane. Njalo ngonyaka uhlelo lwabo lwaluba lukhuni ngokwengeziwe futhi luthakazelisa. Le nsizwa ibone ukuthi izethameli zizithanda kakhulu izinombolo abaculi abakhululwe ngazo emaketangeni nasezintanjeni.
Ukuqonda kangcono ukwakhiwa kwamalokhi, uHarry Houdini wathola umsebenzi wokufundela umsebenzi esitolo sokukhiya. Lapho ekwazile ukwenza ukhiye oyinhloko ngocingo oluvula izingidi, wabona ukuthi kule workshop uzofunda okunye.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uHarry akagcini nje ngokucija amakhono akhe ngokwezobuchwepheshe, kepha futhi wanaka kakhulu amandla omzimba. Wenza imithambo yokuzivocavoca umzimba, wakhulisa ukuguquguquka kokuhlanganyela futhi waqeqeshelwa ukubamba umoya wakhe isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amaqhinga omlingo
Lapho lo mbumbulu ehlanganisa iminyaka engu-16 ubudala, wazithela "Emibhalweni kaRobert Goodin, iNxusa, uMlobi noMlingo, eyabhalwa Nguye uqobo." Ngemuva kokufunda le ncwadi, le nsizwa yanquma ukuthatha isibizo sokuhlonipha umbhali wayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wathatha igama elithi "Harry" ekuhlonipheni umlumbi odumile uHarry Kellar.
Ebhekene nobunzima bezezimali, lo mfana wafika kwelinye lamaphephandaba, lapho athembisa khona ukuveza imfihlo yanoma yiluphi udaba ngo- $ 20. Kodwa-ke, umhleli wathi akazidingi izinsizakalo ezinjalo. Kwenzeka okufanayo nakwezinye izincwadi.
Ngenxa yalokho, uHoudini wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi izintatheli azidingi izincazelo zamaqhinga, kepha ukuzwa. Uqale ukukhombisa izenzo ezahlukahlukene "ezingaphezu kwemvelo": ukuzikhulula emigwaqeni, ehamba ngodonga lwezitini, futhi futhi ephuma ngaphansi komfula ngemuva kokuphonswa kuwo, eboshwe ngebhola elingamakhilogremu angama-30.
Ngemuva kokuthola ukuthandwa kakhulu, uHarry waya e-Europe. Ngo-1900, wamangaza izethameli ngokunyamalala kweNdlovu, lapho isilwane esimbozwe ngeveyili sanyamalala khona lapho nje indwangu isidabukile kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakhombisa amaqhinga amaningi wenkululeko.
UHoudini wayeboshwe ngezintambo, waboshwa ngozankosi futhi wavalelwa emabhokisini, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye wayephunyuka ngendlela eyisimangaliso. Wabuye weqa ezitokisini zangempela ejele izikhathi eziningana.
Isibonelo, ngo-1908 eRussia, uHarry Houdini wakhombisa ukuzikhulula ejele laseButyrka nasePeter nasePaul Fortress. Wakhombisa izinombolo ezifanayo emajele aseMelika.
Njengoba uHoudini ekhula, kwaba nzima kakhulu ukucabanga ngobuqili bakhe obuhle, yingakho wayevame ukugcina ezibhedlela. Ngo-1910 wakhombisa inombolo entsha yokukhululwa embhedeni wesibhamu semizuzwana ngaphambi kwevolley.
Ngalesi sikhathi i-biography uHarry Houdini waba nentshisekelo yezindiza. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni athenge ibiplane. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi umkhohlisi waba ngowokuqala ukundiza indiza yokuqala e-Australia emlandweni.
Lapho ethandwa kakhulu, uHoudini wayazi osaziwayo abaningi, kubandakanya noMongameli wase-US uTheodore Roosevelt. Uvalo lokuqeda impilo yakhe ngobumpofu, njengoba kwenzeka kubaba wakhe, lwamhlasela yonke indawo.
Mayelana nalokhu, uHarry wabheka yonke imali, kepha wayengekho owenqabayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, wanikela ngezizumbulu zemali ukuthenga izincwadi nemidwebo, wasiza asebekhulile, wanikela izipho kubaceli begolide, wabamba iqhaza nasemakhonsathini esisa.
Ehlobo lika-1923, uHarry Houdini wagcotshwa njenge-Freemason, waba yi-Master Freemason ngawo lowo nyaka. Wayekhathazeke kakhulu ngokuthi ngaphansi kwethonya le-spiritualism eyayidumile ngaleso sikhathi, abenzi bemilingo abaningi baqala ukufihla izinombolo zabo ngokubonakala kokuxhumana nemimoya.
Mayelana nalokhu, uHoudini wayevame ukuya emihlanganweni ye-incognito, edalula abakhohlisi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Le ndoda yayishade nentombazane egama layo linguBess. Lo mshado ube namandla kakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kukho konke ukuphila kwabo ndawonye, abashadikazi babebizwa ngokuthi "uNkk Houdini" no "Mnu Houdini."
Futhi-ke, kwakukhona ukungaboni ngaso linye ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kwendoda nenkosikazi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uBess wayesenkolweni ehlukile, kwesinye isikhathi eyaholela ezingxabanweni zomndeni. Ukusindisa umshado, uHoudini nomkakhe baqala ukulandela umthetho olula - ukugwema izingxabano.
Lapho isimo sishuba, uHarry waphakamisa ishiya lakhe langakwesokudla amahlandla amathathu. Lesi siginali besisho ukuthi owesifazane kufanele avale ngokushesha. Lapho bobabili behlise umoya, baxazulula ingxabano endaweni ezolile.
UBess futhi wayenesenzo sakhe ngesimo sakhe sokuthukuthela. Ukumbona, uHoudini kwadingeka ashiye indlu ahambe azungeze izikhathi ezine. Ngemuva kwalokho, wasiphonsa isigqoko endlini, futhi uma umkakhe engasiphonsa emuva, lokhu kwakukhuluma ngokuthula.
Ukufa
Umbiko kaHoudini wawuhlanganisa ne-Iron Press, lapho akhombisa khona amandla omshini wakhe ongamelana nanoma yikuphi ukushaywa. Ngesinye isikhathi, abafundi abathathu bangena egumbini lakhe lokugqoka, befuna ukwazi ukuthi ngabe uzokwazi yini ukubekezelela noma yikuphi ukushaywa.
UHarry, elahlekelwe yimicabango, wanqekuzisa ikhanda. Ngokushesha omunye wabafundi, umpetha wesibhakela wasekolishi, wamshaya kanzima esiswini amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3. Umlumbi ngokushesha wamisa lo mfana ethi kufanele alungiselele lokhu.
Ngemuva kwalokho, umshayisibhakela ushaye ezinye izibhakela ezimbalwa, uHoudini aqhubeka nazo njengenjwayelo. Kodwa-ke, ukushaywa kokuqala kwambulala kuye. Baholele ekuqhekekeni kwesithasiselo, okwaholela kwi-peritonitis. Ngemuva kwalokho, le ndoda yaphila izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphezulu, yize odokotela babikezela ukufa okusheshayo.
UHarry Houdini omkhulu washona ngo-Okthoba 31, 1926 eneminyaka engama-52. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umfundi oshaye amagalelo akazange abe nomthwalo ngezenzo zabo.
Izithombe zeHoudini
