UMark Semyonovich Solonin (uhlobo. Umbhali wezincwadi nezindatshana ezinikelwe iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1941-1945).
Abagxeki abaningi bathi imisebenzi yomlobi ngezihloko zamasosha yohlobo lokubuyekezwa okungokomlando - ukubukezwa okunamandla kwemiqondo yomlando esungulwe kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaSolonin, esizoxoxa ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane kaMark Solonin.
Umlando wenkomo yenkomo
UMark Solonin wazalwa ngoMeyi 29, 1958 eKuibyshev. Wakhulela emndenini olula onemali ejwayelekile. Uyise wayesebenza njengobuchwepheshe esitshalweni esikhulayo, kanti umama wakhe wafundisa isiJalimane emanyuvesi asendaweni.
Esikoleni, uMark wathola amamaki aphezulu kuyo yonke imikhakha, ngenxa yalokho waphumelela ngendondo yegolide. Ngemuva kwalokho, waphasa ngempumelelo izivivinyo eKuibyshev Aviation Institute, ekhetha ubuhlakani bokwakhiwa kwezindiza.
Eminyakeni engama-23, uSolonin wavikela ithisisi yakhe ngesihloko esithi "Izindiza ezingagunyaziwe zokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe." Ngemuva kwalokho wasebenza iminyaka engaba ngu-6 njengomklami ku-office design yendawo.
Ngo-1987, uMark wathola umsebenzi wokuba isicishamlilo egumbini lokubilisa ama-boiler. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngesikhathi se-perestroika, wayengomunye wabahleli bamaqembu ezenhlalo nezombusazwe edolobheni. Ngaleso sikhathi, lo mfana wayeseqalile ukucwaninga ngokujulile ngesihloko seMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.
Umsebenzi wokubhala
Imibhalo yokuqala kaSolonin yashicilelwa nge-samizdat. Ngo-1988 imisebenzi yakhe yaqala ukuvela emaphephandabeni eSamara. Ngemuva kokuwa kwe-USSR, waphoqeleka ukuba aqhube ibhizinisi elincane ezama ukondla umndeni wakhe.
Kusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-90 kuya ekupheleni kuka-2013, uMark Solonin wafunda ngokucophelela imibhalo yesayensi neyomlando. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi wangeniswa ezinqolobaneni zaseMoscow, ePodolsk naseFreiburg. Ngalesi sikhathi, wakwazi ukushicilela izincwadi eziyi-7 nezindatshana eziningi.
Imisebenzi kaSolonin ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu hhayi eRussia kuphela, kodwa nasemazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Ngentwasahlobo ka-2010, wayephakathi kwalabo abasayina isicelo sokuphikisana nabaphikisi baseRussia "uPutin kumele ahambe."
Ngaleyo minyaka, ama-biographies uMark Semenovich wayevame ukubamba iqhaza ezingqungqutheleni zesayensi nezomlando. Uke wethula izinkulumo e-Estonia, Lithuania, Slovakia nase-USA. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi emisebenzini yakhe umbhali ugxila ekuqalekeni kweMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.
Kwenye yezingxoxo zakhe, uSolonin wakhuluma ngezehlakalo zangoJuni 22, 1941: "... Ukuzibandakanya kukaStalin empini kuyinto efana nokuthi i-hanyga eyayidakiwe yadakwa, yashisa indlu ngenxa yokudakwa, yabe seyivuka yaphuthuma ukuyokucisha ...". Uphikisana nombono osunguliwe wokuthi ngosuku lokuqala lwempi, amasosha aseJalimane ahlasela i-USSR ngokuzumayo nangokubulala.
Ngokusho kukaMark Solonin, amathangi ezitha kanye nezikhali zokudubula azikwazanga ukushaya izinhloso ezibekwe ngaphezu kwamashumi amakhilomitha amaningi ukusuka emngceleni weSoviet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi i-90% yezigaba ze-Red Army zazitholakala ngaphandle kwale ndawo.
USolonin futhi uyakuphika ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nomoya osheshayo wombani ngenxa yokuthi ngaleso sikhathi ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu emoyeni kwakungasebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kombhali, babengekho abaningi abalwa eLuftwaffe.
Ezincwadini zakhe, uMark Solonin ukhumbula ukuthi ukunqotshwa okukhulu kwamasosha aseSoviet kwenzeka kuphela ngemuva kwenyanga yokuqala yobutha. Inani lezindiza ezibhujisiwe ze-USSR (imikhumbi engu-800) ngosuku lokuqala lwempi, ulibiza ngokungenasisekelo ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izindiza ezishiywe ezinkundleni zezindiza zifakiwe kulolu hlu ngokuhlehlisa.
Ngesikhathi se-biography ka-2010-2011. USolonin wethule umqulu obhalwe ngamavolumu ama-2 ocwaningo ngezizathu nezimo zokwehlulwa kwamandla omoya ezifunda ezisemngceleni osentshonalanga, ngokuya ngemibhalo eminingi egunyazayo.
Umbhali wagxeka okwenziwa ubuholi be-USSR, obabunxusa abantu ukuthi bangethuki futhi benqaba ukumemezela ukugqugquzelwa okujwayelekile (ukugqugquzela kwaqala ngoJuni 23 kuphela).
Imibono kaMark Solonin inokuhlolwa okuxubile emphakathini. Izazi-mlando eziningi, izintatheli kanye nabanye ososayensi bambiza ngesinye sezazi-mlando ezinkulu zanamuhla, kanti abanye ochwepheshe abanegunya, kunalokho, bamsola ngokukhohlisa nokwahlulela okungenamqondo kwemicimbi eminingi.
Ochwepheshe abaningi baseRussia bahlambalaza uSolonin ngezinsolo zokuzibekela umgomo wokuthethelela ukuhlukunyezwa kwamaNazi neSoviet Union, ukunyundela, noma ngisho nokuphikisa isenzo sabantu baseSoviet.
UMark Solonin namuhla
Ngo-2014-2016. USolonin wethule izindatshana eziningana ezikhuluma ngodlame lwaseRussia olubhekiswe e-Ukraine. Kuzo, waphinde wagxeka izinqubomgomo zikaVladimir Putin.
Kusukela ngo-2016, umbhali ubehlala e-Estonia, lapho engomunye wabanikazi kanye nomklami omkhulu wePyroheat OU. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, waba yilungu le-Russian Free Historical Society.
Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, uMark Semenovich wagxeka uNgqongqoshe omusha Wezamasiko kanye noDokotela Wezesayensi Yezomlando uVladimir Medinsky, ngokuqhathanisa izenzo zakhe nenkulumo-ze kaJoseph Goebbels.
Izithombe zikaSolonin
