USrinivasa Ramanujan Iyengor (1887-1920) - Isazi sezibalo saseNdiya, ilungu leRoyal Society yaseLondon. Ngaphandle kwemfundo ekhethekile yezibalo, wafinyelela eziphakeme kumnandi emkhakheni wenombolo yethiyori. Okubaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe noGodfrey Hardy kuma-asymptotic enombolo yama-partitions p (n).
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaRamanujan azokhulunywa kule ndatshana.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane kaSrinavasa Ramanujan.
Umlando kaRamanujan
USrinivasa Ramanujan wazalwa ngoDisemba 22, 1887 edolobheni laseNdiya iHerodu. Wakhulela futhi wakhulela emndenini waseTamil.
Ubaba wesazi sezibalo sesikhathi esizayo, uKuppuswami Srinivas Iyengar, wasebenza njenge-accountant esitolo sezindwangu esincane. Umama, uKomalatammal, wayengumama wekhaya.
Ubuntwana nentsha
URamanujan wakhuliswa ngamasiko aqinile wesigaba se-brahmana. Umama wakhe wayengowesifazane ozinikele kakhulu. Ufunde imibhalo engcwele futhi wahlabelela ethempelini lendawo.
Lapho umfana eneminyaka emibili ubudala, wagula ngengxibongo. Kodwa-ke, ukwazile ukululama ekuguleni okubi kakhulu wasinda.
Ngesikhathi sokufunda kwakhe, uRamanujan wakhombisa amakhono avelele ezibalweni. Ngokwazi, wayesikwe ngaphezu kwabo bonke ontanga yakhe.
Ngokushesha, uSrinivasa wathola imisebenzi eminingi ku-trigonometry evela kumfundi amaziyo, okwamthakazelisa kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalokho, eneminyaka eyi-14, uRamanujan wathola ifomula lika-Euler le-sine ne-cosine, kepha lapho ezwa ukuthi selishicilelwe, wathukuthela kakhulu.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, le nsizwa yaqala ukucwaninga iqoqo lama-2 Collection of Elementary Results in Pure and Applied Mathematics nguGeorge Shubridge Carr.
Lo msebenzi ubuqukethe ama-theorem namafomula angaphezu kuka-6000, obekungenabo nhlobo ubufakazi kanye nokuphawula.
URamanujan, ngaphandle kosizo lothisha nezibalo, ngokuzimela waqala ukutadisha amafomula ashiwo. Ngenxa yalokhu, wethula indlela ekhethekile yokucabanga ngendlela yokuqala yobufakazi.
Lapho uSrinivasa ephothula esikoleni samabanga aphakeme edolobheni ngo-1904, wathola umklomelo wezibalo kuthishanhloko wesikole, uKrishnaswami Iyer. Umqondisi wamethula njengomfundi onekhono futhi ovelele.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-biography kaRamanujan yayinabaxhasi ebusweni bomqashi wakhe uSir Francis Spring, uzakwabo S. Narayan Iyer kanye nobhala wesikhathi esizayo we-Indian Mathematical Society R. Ramachandra Rao.
Umsebenzi weSayensi
Ngo-1913, uprofesa odumile waseCambridge University ogama lakhe linguGodfrey Hardy wathola incwadi evela kuRamanujan, lapho athi wayengenayo imfundo ngaphandle kwesekondari.
Lo mfana wabhala ukuthi wenza izibalo yedwa. Le ncwadi ibiqukethe amafomula amaningi asuselwa kuRamanujan. Ucele usolwazi ukuthi azishicilele uma zibonakala zimthakazelisa.
URamanujan ucacisile ukuthi naye uqobo akakwazi ukushicilela umsebenzi wakhe ngenxa yobumpofu.
Ngokushesha uHardy wabona ukuthi wayephethe impahla eyingqayizivele ezandleni zakhe. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaqala ukuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi kukaprofesa kanye nomabhalane waseNdiya.
Kamuva, uGodfrey Hardy waqongelela cishe amafomula ayi-120 angaziwa ngumphakathi wesayensi. Le ndoda imeme uRamanujan oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala eCambridge ukuzoqhubeka nokusebenzisana.
Lapho ifika e-UK, isazi sezibalo esincane sakhethelwa i-English Academy of Sciences. Ngemuva kwalokho waba nguprofesa e-University of Cambridge.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uRamanujan wayengumNdiya wokuqala ukuthola lezi zinhlonipho.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-biographies kaSrinivas Ramanujan ashicilele imisebenzi emisha ngayinye, eyayinezindlela ezintsha nobufakazi. Ozakwabo badikibala wukusebenza kahle kanye nethalente lesezibalo esencane.
Kusukela esemncane, usosayensi wabona futhi wacwaninga ngokujulile izinombolo ezithile. Ngendlela ethile emangalisayo, ukwazile ukubona inani elikhulu lezinto ezibonakalayo.
Engxoxweni, uHardy uthe le nkulumo elandelayo: "Yonke inombolo yemvelo ibingumngani kaRamanujan."
Abantu besikhathi sobungcweti bezibalo abakhaliphile bambheka njengesimo esingajwayelekile, eseneminyaka eyikhulu azelwe. Kodwa-ke, amakhono angavamile kaRamanujan amangaza ososayensi besikhathi sethu.
Umkhakha kaRamanujan wezintshisekelo zesayensi wawungenakulinganiswa. Wayethanda imigqa engapheli, izikwele zemilingo, imigqa engapheli, isikwele isiyingi, izinombolo ezibushelelezi, ukuhlanganiswa okucacile, nezinye izinto eziningi.
USrinivasa uthole izixazululo ezithile ze-Euler equation futhi waqamba ama-theorems ayi-120.
Namuhla, uRamanujan uthathwa njengongqondongqondo omkhulu wezingxenyana eziqhubekayo emlandweni wezibalo. Inkumbulo yakhe yadutshulwa ama-documentary amaningi namafilimu.
Ukufa
USrinivasa Ramanujan ushone ngo-Ephreli 26, 1920 endaweni kaMengameli waseMadras ngemuva nje kokufika eNdiya eneminyaka engama-32.
Ababhali bomlando wesazi sezibalo abasakwazi ukufika ekuvumelaneni ngesizathu sokushona kwakhe.
Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, uRamanujan wayengabulawa isifo sofuba esiqhubekayo.
Ngo-1994, kwavela inguqulo, ngokusho kwakhe ukuthi angaba ne-amoebiasis, isifo esithathelwanayo nesiphazamisayo esibonakala ngesifo esingapheliyo sokugula kwesifo esinezimpawu ezingaphandle.
Izithombe zeRamanujan
