I-Qasem Suleimani (Soleimani) (1957-2020) - Umholi wamasosha wase-Iran, u-lieutenant general kanye nomphathi weyunithi ekhethekile ye-Al-Quds e-Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), eyenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile phesheya.
I-Al-Quds, ngaphansi kobuholi bukaSoleimani, yaxhasa ezempi emaqenjini eHamas naseHezbollah ePalestine naseLebanon, futhi yadlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamabutho ezombusazwe e-Iraq ngemuva kokuhoxa kwebutho laseMelika lapho.
USuleimani wayengusomaqhinga ovelele futhi engumhleli wemisebenzi ekhethekile, kanye nomsunguli wenethiwekhi yezinhloli enkulu kunazo zonke esifundeni saseMiddle East. Ubebhekwa njengomuntu onethonya futhi onamandla kakhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi, yize "akekho owake wezwa lutho ngaye."
NgoJanuwari 3, 2020, wabulawa eBaghdad e-airstrike yase-US Air Force.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaQasem Suleimani, okuzoxoxwa ngawo kule ndatshana.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane kaQasem Suleimani.
Umlando kaQasem Suleimani
UKassem Suleimani wazalwa ngoMashi 11, 1957 edolobhaneni lase-Iranian iKanat-e Malek. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini ompofu womlimi uHassan Suleimani nomkakhe uFatima.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngemuva kokuthi ubaba kaKassem athole isiza somhlaba ngaphansi koshintsho lukaShah, kwadingeka akhokhe imali mboleko enkulu ngamanani angama-100.
Ngalesi sizathu, umphathi-jikelele wakusasa waphoqeleka ukuthi aqale ukusebenza njengengane ukuze asize inhloko yomndeni ukukhokha lonke inani lemali.
Ngemuva kokuphothula amakilasi ama-5, uQasem Suleimani waya emsebenzini. Wathola umsebenzi njengesisebenzi esakhiweni, enza noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
Ngemuva kokukhokha isikweletu, uSuleimani waqala ukusebenza emnyangweni wokwelashwa kwamanzi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umfana wathatha isikhundla sokuba unjiniyela umsizi.
Ngaleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, uKassem wabelana ngemibono yenguquko yamaSulumane yango-1979. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sigameko, ngokuzithandela waba yilungu le-IRGC, okwathi kamuva lizoba yunithi eliphansi elingaphansi kwenhloko yezwe.
Ngemuva kwenyanga nengxenye yokuqeqeshelwa ezempi, uSuleimani wayalwa ukuba asungule ukutholakala kwamanzi endaweni yaseKerman.
Ukusebenza kokuqala kwezempi ku-biography kaQasem Soleimani kwenzeka ngo-1980, ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa kwe-IRGC yokuhlukaniswa kwamaKurdish ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Iran.
Impi ye-Iran ne-Iraq
Ngenkathi uSaddam Hussein ehlasela i-Iran ngo-1980, uSuleimani wasebenza njenge-lieutenant e-IRGC. Lapho kuqala ukungqubuzana kwezempi, waqala ukukhuphula ngokushesha isitebhisi somsebenzi, enza imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene.
Ngokuyinhloko, uKassem wabhekana ngempumelelo nemisebenzi yezobunhloli, ethola imininingwane ebalulekile ngobuholi bakhe. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho eneminyaka engama-30 kuphela ubudala, wayesevele ephethe uphiko lwezinsana.
Umbutho wezempi
Ngo-1999, uSuleimani wabamba iqhaza ekucindezelweni kokuvukela kwabafundi enhlokodolobha yase-Iran.
Eminyakeni yama-90 yekhulu elidlule, uKasem wayala amayunithi e-IRGC eKerman. Njengoba le ndawo yayiseduze ne-Afghanistan, ukuhweba ngezidakamizwa kwachuma lapha.
USuleimani uyalelwe ukuthi abuyise isimo endaweni ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwezempi, leli phoyisa likwazile ukumisa ngokushesha ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa futhi laqala ukulawula umngcele.
Ngo-2000, uKasem waphathiswa ukulawulwa kwamabutho akhethekile e-IRGC, iqembu le-Al-Quds.
Ngo-2007, uSuleimani wacishe waba yinhloko ye-IRGC ngemuva kokuxoshwa kukaGeneral Yahya Rahim Safavi. Ngonyaka olandelayo, waqokwa njengenhloko yeqembu lochwepheshe base-Iran, umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukuthola imbangela yokufa kwenhloko yezinsizakalo ezikhethekile zeqembu laseLebanon Hezbollah, u-Imad Mugniyah.
Ekwindla ka-2015, uKasem wahola umkhankaso wokutakula ukuthola uKonstantin Murakhtin, umshayeli wezempi waseSu-24M owayedilikile.
Ngesikhathi sempi yombango yaseSyria ngo-2011, uQasem Soleimani wayalela amavukelambuso ase-Iraq ukuthi alwe ngasohlangothini lukaBashar al-Assad. Ngaleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, wasiza ne-Iraq ekulweni ne-ISIS.
Ngokusho kwenhlangano yezindaba yamazwe omhlaba iReuters, uSuleimani wandizela eMoscow okungenani amahlandla amane. Kukhona ukucabanga ukuthi ngo-2015 nguyena owakholisa uVladimir Putin ukuba aqale ukusebenza kwezempi eSyria.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, ngokusho kwenguqulo esemthethweni, iRussia yangenelela ngesicelo sika-Assad.
Ukujeziswa nokuhlolwa
UQasem Suleimani wayesohlwini lwabamnyama be-UN "ohlwini lwabamnyama" lokubandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zenuzi nemicibisholo yase-Iran. Ngo-2019, uhulumeni wase-US wayiqaphela i-IRGC, futhi-ke amabutho akhethekile e-Al-Quds, njengezinhlangano zamaphekula.
Ezweni lakubo, uSuleimani wayeyiqhawe lesizwe langempela. Wayebhekwa njengengcweti yezobuchwepheshe kanye nomhleli wemisebenzi ekhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni edlule yomlando wakhe, uQasem Suleimani udale inethiwekhi enkulu yabenzeli eMiddle East.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi lowo owayeyisikhulu seCIA uJohn Maguire ngo-2013 wabiza i-Iranian ngomuntu onethonya elikhulu futhi onamandla eMiddle East, yize "akekho owake wezwa lutho ngaye."
Abamele uMnyango Wezokuvikela waseRussia bathi umnikelo omkhulu kaSuleimani ekulweni ne-ISIS eSyria.
E-Iran, i-al-Quds nomholi wayo basolwa ngokucindezela ngesihluku imibhikisho ngo-2019.
Ukufa
UQasem Soleimani ushone ngoJanuwari 3, 2020, e-airstrike yamabutho e-US Air Force. Ngokushesha kwacaca ukuthi uMongameli waseMelika uDonald Trump wayengumsunguli womsebenzi wokuqeda lo jenene.
Lesi sinqumo senziwe yinhloko yeWhite House ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwangoDisemba 27, 2019 eziko lase-Iraq lase-US, lapho kwakumi khona amasosha aseMelika.
Ngokushesha umengameli waseMelika wamemezela esidlangalaleni ukuthi isisekelo sesinqumo sokuqeda uSoleimani kwakuyinsolo yokuthi "wayehlose ukuqhumisa elinye lamanxusa aseMelika."
Imithombo yezindaba eningi ehlonishwayo ibike ukuthi imoto yalo jenene iqhunyiswe ngamarokhethi aqhamuke kwi-drone. Ngaphezu kukaQasem Suleimani, kufe abanye abantu abane (ngokusho kweminye imithombo, 10).
USuleimani wahlonzwa ngendandatho yerubhi ayeyifaka ngesikhathi esaphila. Yize kunjalo, abaseMelika bahlela ukwenza uvivinyo lwe-DNA esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ukuze ekugcineni baqiniseke ngokufa kwesosha.
Ososayensi abaningi bezepolitiki banesiqiniseko sokuthi ukubulawa kukaQasem Soleimani sekuholele ekutheni kubhebhethekise ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-Iran neMelika. Ukushona kwakhe kudale umsindo omkhulu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Arab.
I-Iran ithembise ukuziphindiselela eMelika. Iziphathimandla zase-Iraq nazo zikugxekile ukusebenza kweMelika, kanti uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-US ukhiphe umyalezo ucela zonke izakhamizi zaseMelika ukuthi zisuke ngokushesha endaweni yase-Iraq.
Umngcwabo kaQasem Suleimani
Udwendwe lomngcwabo kaSuleimani lwaluholwa ngumholi wezenkolo wase-Iran, u-Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Bangaphezu kwesigidi abantu bakubo beza ukuzovalelisa kujenene.
Kwakunabantu abaningi kangangokuthi ngesikhathi sokuchotshozwa okwaqala, kwabulawa abantu ababalelwa ku-60 kwalimala abangaphezu kwama-200. Mayelana nokufa okubuhlungu kukaSuleimani, kwamenyezelwa isililo sezinsuku ezintathu e-Iran.
Isithombe nguQasem Suleimani
