UGrigory Alexandrovich Potemkin-Tavriichesky - Isikhulu sikahulumeni waseRussia, umdali weBlack Sea Military Fleet nomphathi-sikhulu wayo wokuqala, uFarm Marshal. Wengamela ukuhlanganiswa kweTavria neCrimea kuya eRussia, lapho ayephethe khona umhlaba omkhulu.
Waziwa njengentandokazi kaCatherine II nomsunguli wamadolobha amaningi, kufaka phakathi izikhungo zesimanje zesifunda: Yekaterinoslav (1776), Kherson (1778), Sevastopol (1783), Nikolaev (1789).
Ku-biography kaGrigory Potemkin, kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ahlobene nomsebenzi wakhe womphakathi nempilo yomuntu siqu.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane kaGrigory Potemkin.
I-Biography kaPotemkin
UGrigory Potemkin wazalwa ngoSepthemba 13 (24), 1739 edolobhaneni laseSmolensk eChizhevo.
Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini kaMajor Alexander osethathe umhlalaphansi nomkakhe uDaria Vasilyevna. Lapho uGrisha omncane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-7 ubudala, ubaba wakhe washona, ngenxa yalokho umama wakhe wayehlanganyela ekukhuliseni umfana.
Esemncane Potemkin wahlukanisa ingqondo ebukhali futhi womele ulwazi. Ebona lokhu, umama wabela indodana yakhe esikoleni sokuzivocavoca saseyunivesithi yaseMoscow.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uGrigory waba ngumfundi eMoscow University, ethola amamaki aphezulu kuyo yonke imikhakha.
Ngempumelelo yakhe enhle kwezesayensi, uGregory wanikezwa indondo yegolide futhi wanikezwa phakathi kwabafundi abayi-12 abenza kahle kuMpikisikazi u-Elizabeth Petrovna. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, le nsizwa yaxoshwa eyunivesithi - ngokusemthethweni ngenxa yokungasebenzi, kodwa empeleni ngenxa yokuzibandakanya nozungu.
Umbutho wezempi
Ngo-1755, uGrigory Potemkin wabhaliswa engekho kwabaQaphi bamahhashi, nethuba lokuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eyunivesithi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, uPotemkin wakhushulelwa esigabeni sabasebenzi bamaHhashi Guards. Ngaleso sikhathi ku-biography yakhe, wayezazi kahle iziGreki nezenkolo.
Emva kwalokho, uGregory waqhubeka nokwenyuselwa esikhundleni, esesenyukele esigabeni sosayitsheni-omkhulu - umsizi kamkhuzi webutho.
Le ndoda yaba nengxenye ekugumbuqeleni isigodlo, njengoba yakwazi ukudonsela ukunaka uKumkanikazi wesikhathi esizayo uCatherine 2. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi maduze uMbusi wayala ukuba adlulisele uPotemkin ukuba abe uLieutenant wesibili, kuyilapho abanye abakhe uzungu bathola isikhundla se-cornet kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uCatherine wanyusa iholo likaGrigory Alexandrovich, futhi wamnika nezinsizakalo ezingama-400.
Ngo-1769 uPotemkin wabamba iqhaza emkhankasweni wezempi wokulwa neTurkey. Uzibonakalise njengeqhawe elinesibindi empini yaseKhotin nakwamanye amadolobha. Ngemisebenzi yakhe eya ezweni lobaba, wanikezwa i-Order of St. George, degree 3.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nguGrigory Potemkin owayethunywe yindlovukazi ukuhlanganisa iCrimea iye eRussia. Wakwazi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi, engazibonakalisi nje kuphela njengesosha elinesibindi, kodwa futhi njenge-diplomate onekhono nomhleli.
Izinguquko
Phakathi impumelelo main Potemkin ukwakhiwa Black Sea Fleet. Futhi yize ukwakhiwa kwayo bekungahlali kuhamba kahle futhi kahle, empini nabaseTurkey, le mikhumbi yanikeza usizo olukhulu ebuthweni laseRussia.
UGrigory Alexandrovich wanaka kakhulu ifomu nemishini yamasosha. Waqeda imfashini yama-braids, i-bouclie ne-powder. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhulu siyala ukuba senzele amasosha amabhuzu akhanyayo futhi amancane.
UPotemkin ushintshe ukwakheka kwamabutho ahamba ngezinyawo, uwahlukanisa izingxenye ezithile. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwendlela yokusebenza kanye nokwenza ngcono ukunemba komlilo okukodwa.
Amasosha alula ahlonipha uGrigory Potemkin ngeqiniso lokuthi wayengumsekeli wobudlelwano obunobuntu phakathi kwamasosha ajwayelekile nezikhulu.
Amasosha aqala ukuthola ukudla okungcono nemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindinganiso zokuhlanzeka kwamasosha avamile sezithuthuke kakhulu.
Uma izikhulu zazivumela ukusebenzisa abangaphansi ngenhloso yomuntu siqu, babegwetshwa isijeziso somphakathi ngalokhu. Ngenxa yalokhu, sekuholele ekwandiseni isiyalo nokuhloniphana.
Imizi eyasungula
Eminyakeni eminingi yobuciko bakhe, uGrigory Potemkin wasungula amadolobha amaningi engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia.
INkosana yakhe uSerene yakha uKherson, uNikolaev, uSevastopol noJekaterinoslav. Ubelwela ukwenziwa ngcono kwamadolobha, ezama ukuwagcwalisa ngabantu.
Eqinisweni, uPotemkin wayengumbusi wobukhosi baseMoldavia. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi emazweni omatasa wabeka izinhloko zabameleli bendawo bezikhulu. Ngalokhu, wakwazi ukunqoba abaphathi baseMoldova, nabo ngokwabo bacela uGrigory Alexandrovich ukuthi aphathe futhi avikele izindawo zabo.
Intandokazi yasebukhosini yalandela inqubomgomo efanayo ngokuzayo.
Ngenkathi abanye abaphathi bezama ukuqeda isiko emazweni athathwe, uPotemkin wenza okuphambene nalokho. Akazange abeke ukuvinjelwa kwanoma imaphi amasiko, futhi wayengaphezu kokubekezelela amaJuda.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UGrigory Potemkin akakaze ashade ngokusemthethweni. Noma kunjalo, isikhathi eside wayeyintandokazi kaCatherine Catherine Omkhulu.
Ngokwemibhalo esekhona, ngo-1774 inkosana yashada le ndlovukazi ngasese kwelinye lamasonto.
Ababhali bezincwadi zomlando kaPotemkin abaningi bathi lo mbhangqwana wawunendodakazi, eyabizwa ngo-Elizaveta Temkina. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukulahla igama lokuqala kusibongo kwakuyinto ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke ubuzali bukaGregory bungaphezu kwamathuba.
Noma kunjalo, ukuba ngumama kukaCatherine 2 akungabazeki, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwentombazane wayeseneminyaka engama-45 ubudala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uPotemkin ubhekwa njengowukuphela kwentandokazi ka-tsarina, owathi, ngemuva kokuqeda ubuhlobo bothando, waqhubeka embona njalo.
Ekupheleni komsebenzi wakhe, uGrigory Alexandrovich wahlela impilo yakhe ngendlela edelelayo. Umeme abashana bakhe esigodlweni sakhe, abuye baba nobudlelwano obuseduze naye.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Potemkin washada amantombazane.
Ukufa
UGrigory Potemkin wayenempilo enhle futhi engangenwa yizifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba isikhulu sasivame ukungena endle, wayehlupheka ngezikhathi ezithile kulezo zifo ezazisakazeka ebuthweni. Esinye salezi zifo saholela ekufeni kwenkosi yasendle.
Ekwindla ka-1791, uGrigory Alexandrovich wahlaselwa imfiva ngezikhathi ezithile. Isiguli sasihlaliswe ngokushesha enqoleni, eyayisuka edolobheni laseMoldavia iYassy iya eNikolaev.
Kodwa uPotemkin wayengenaso isikhathi sokufinyelela lapho ayelibangise khona. Ezwe ukufa kwakhe okuseduze, wacela ukumkhiphela ngaphandle, ngoba wayengafuni ukufela enqoleni.
UGrigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin ushone ngo-Okthoba 5 (16), 1791 eneminyaka engama-52.
Isidumbu somshayeli wasensimini sagqunyiswa futhi, ngokomyalelo kaCatherine II, wangcwatshwa enqabeni yaseKherson. Kamuva, ngesimemezelo soMbusi uPaul, izinsalela zikaPotemkin zangcwatshwa kabusha, zazinikela emhlabeni ngokwesiko lama-Orthodox.
