U-Osip Mandelstam wayeyimbongi enekhono ngekusasa elinzima. Imisebenzi yakhe emangalisayo kuze kube yilolu suku ithinta izintambo ezibucayi kakhulu zemiphefumulo yabantu. Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi ngubani u-Osip Mandelstam ovela emsebenzini wakhe, kepha imininingwane yakhe yomlando nayo iyathakazelisa.
Namuhla u-Osip Mandelstam ungomunye wezimbongi eziphambili zekhulu lama-20, kodwa bekungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, wayesethunzini phakathi kwezinye izimbongi zeSilver Age.
Ama-philologists aseNtshonalanga aqale ukutadisha ngokujulile i-biography ka-Osip Mandelstam kuphela lapho imisebenzi yakhe eqoqiwe ishicilelwa e-United States of America. UKirill Taranovsky, obhekwa njengephilologist onozalo lwaseRussia, kanye nothisha eHarvard, ukwazile ukwakha igama elithi "subtext" ngaleso sikhathi. Uthe ukhiye wezindawo ezingaqondakali ezibongweni zika-Osip Mandelstam wawusembhalweni wezinye izimbongi zaseFrance nezasendulo. Ngokwabantu besikhathi, kungokubhekisa kule mibhalo kuphela lapho izincazelo ezintsha zitholakala ezinkondlweni zikaMandelstam.
1. U-Osip Mandelstam wazalelwa eWarsaw ngonyaka we-1891.
2. Uyise wembongi wayengumJuda - umthengisi ocebile waseWarsaw owayehweba ngesikhumba. U-Osip Mandelstam wayeyindodana endala kulo mndeni futhi kwakufanele alandele ezinyathelweni zikayise, amsize ebhizinisini lomndeni. U-Osip wenqaba ubuJuda futhi wayengafuni ukuyeka amandla akhe ezentengiselwano.
3. Igama elinikwe imbongi ngesikhathi izalwa nalo lalungiswa. Igama lembongi kwakunguJoseph, kepha waqala ukubizwa ngo-Osip.
4. Ngokokuqala ngqa, u-Osip Mandelstam wangena kumbuthano wezinkondlo ebonga ugogo wakhe - uSophia Verblovskaya.
5. U-Osip Mandelstam uyimbongi eyashiya izinkondlo ezingaphezu kwekhulu ngemuva, kepha ayibhalanga nolayini owodwa ngothando lwayo lokuqala - u-Anna Zelmanova-Chudovskaya. Wayengumculi onethalente nowesifazane omuhle. Uthando lokuqala lwembongi lwafika lapho ecela umculi opende isithombe sakhe.
6. Njengabangani abaningi baka-Osip Mandelstam, ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, wayefuna ukuya phambili ukuze avikele i-Fatherland. Akazange amukelwe njengevolontiya ngaleso sikhathi ngenxa ye-asthenia yenhliziyo. Khona-ke imbongi yazama ukuthola umsebenzi ngaphambili njengempi ehlelekile. Waze waya naseWarsaw, kepha akusebenzanga nensizakalo ngaphambili.
7. U-Osip Mandelstam wayenezinyo elimnandi kabi. Ngisho ephila ngaphandle kwamabhuzu nasemakhazeni, wayehlala ezitotosa ngezibiliboco.
8. Iqoqo lokuqala alibhala, elalibizwa ngokuthi "Itshe", lalinamavesi angama-23. UMandelstam wayishicilela ngemali kaPapa ngo-1913 wase ephrinta amakhophi angaba ngu-600.
9. U-Osip Mandelstam washicilela izinkondlo zokuqala ezi-5 ngonyaka we-1910 ngohlelo olunemifanekiso lwaseRussia olwalunesihloko esithi "Apollo". La mavesi abe yi-antisymbolic ngezindlela eziningi. Kwakukhona "ukuthula okujulile" kubo futhi kwaqhathaniswa nama-pathos angokwesiprofetho.
10. UMandelstam wafunda emanyuvesi ama-2, kodwa akazange athole neyodwa idiploma.
11. Abantu abaningi bebazi ngezindaba zothando zika-Osip Mandelstam benoMarina Tsvetaeva. Kodwa bambalwa abantu ababazi ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlukana nomlobi, uMandelstam wacasuka kakhulu kangangokuba wafuna ukuya esigodlweni sezindela.
12. Imbongi, engakwazanga ukwamukela amandla eSoviet futhi yayingasabi ukuveza obala ngayo, yathunyelwa ekudingisweni. Ngakho-ke uMandelstam wafika eVoronezh, lapho ayehlala khona kabi futhi waphazanyiswa yimali etholwe ngokudluliselwa. Umbhali wabe elindele ukubulawa kwakhe nsuku zonke.
13. Ngesikhathi sokudingiswa u-Osip Mandelstam wazama ukuzibulala ngokuziphonsa ngewindi. Imbongi yakwazi ukusinda, futhi unkosikazi wayo wacela ukwesekwa kukaBukharin noStalin uqobo, okwathi kamuva wazuza ilungelo lokuzikhethela okuzimele kwendawo yokudingiselwa umyeni wakhe.
14. Ngenkathi uMandelstam ehlangana noNikolai Gumilyov no-Anna Akhmatova, waqala ukuhambela umhlangano we "Workshop of Poets".
15. UKazina Nadezhda Yakovlevna waba ngumkaMandelstam. Kwakunguye owathi, ngemva kokufa komyeni wakhe, wakhulula izincwadi ezintathu ngezinkumbulo zomuntu wakhe othandekayo.
16. Ngesikhathi ithalente lika-Osip Mandelstam lezinkondlo selifinyelela ekuqhakaleni ngokugcwele, wayengasashicilelwa ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye nohulumeni.
17. U-Osip Mandelstam wayethanda ukuba seFrance. Yilapho ahlangana khona noGumilev, owayeyimbangela yokuthanda kwakhe izinkondlo zaseFrance. Kamuva, uMandelstam wabiza lokhu kwazana noGumilev impumelelo enkulu empilweni yakhe.
18. U-Osip Mandelstam wayazi isiFulentshi nesiNtaliyane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayengakaze aye e-Italy, futhi wafunda ulimi lwesiNtaliyane eyedwa. Ngakho-ke wayefuna ukwazi ukufunda izincwadi zaleli zwe ngokoqobo.
19. Impilo yembongi yaphela kabuhlungu. Ushonele eVladivostok ngenxa yesifo sohudo. Ngemuva kwalokho wayehlala ezimeni zekamu likaStalin elingakulungele impilo yonke.
20. U-Osip Mandelstam wangcwatshwa ethuneni elikhulu.
