Impilo ka-Alexander Odoyevsky (1802 - 1839), eyayingathathi isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngisho nangekhulu le-19, yayiqukethe imicimbi eminingi, eminingi yayo eyayingemnandi, kanti eminye kwakuyizinhlekelele ngokuphelele. Ngaso leso sikhathi imbongi encane enethalente yenza, empeleni, iphutha elilodwa kuphela elikhulu, ngokujoyina lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yiNorthern Society. Lo mphakathi, owawuqukethe kakhulu izikhulu ezisencane, wawuzilungiselela ukwenza uguquko lwentando yeningi eRussia. Lo mzamo wokuzama ukubhukuqa umbuso wenziwa ngoDisemba 18, 1825, futhi ababambiqhaza bawo babizwa ngamaDecembrists.
U-Odoevsky wayeneminyaka engama-22 kuphela ubudala ngesikhathi sokujoyina umphakathi. Yiqiniso, wabelana ngemibono yentando yeningi, kodwa ngomqondo obanzi walo mqondo, njengabo bonke abakwaDecembrists. Kamuva, uM. Ye. Saltykov-Shchedrin ubeka kahle le mibono ngokuthi "Bengifuna umthethosisekelo, noma i-sevryuzhin nge-horseradish." U-Alexander wayesendaweni engafanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukube akazange aye emhlanganweni weNhlangano YaseNyakatho, iRussia ibizokwamukela imbongi, mhlawumbe enethalente eliphansi kancane kuPushkin.
Esikhundleni sombongi, iRussia yathola isigwebo. U-Odoevsky wachitha ingxenye yesithathu yempilo yakhe ejele. Wabhala nezinkondlo lapho, kepha ukuthunjwa akusizi wonke umuntu ukuthi aveze amakhono abo. Futhi ekubuyeni kwakhe ekudingisweni, u-Alexander wakhubazeka ngokushona kukayise - wasinda kumzali wakhe ngezinyanga ezi-4 kuphela.
1. Ngikholwe ukuthi sekunzima impela, kepha igama elikhulu lezikhulu u-Odoevsky (ngokugqamisa u "o" wesibili) livela egameni lendawo yokuhlala yaseOdoev yamanje, esentshonalanga nesifunda saseTula. Ngekhulu le-13 - 15, i-Odoev, manje enabantu abangu-5.5 abayizinkulungwane eziyinhloko, yayiyinhloko-dolobha yobukhulu bemingcele. USemyon Yuryevich Odoevsky (ukhokho ka-Alexander ezizukulwaneni eziyi-11) walandela ukhokho wakhe enzalweni ekude kaRurik, futhi ngaphansi kuka-Ivan III weza ngaphansi kwengalo yaseMoscow evela eGrand Duchy yaseLithuania. Baqala ukuqoqa amazwe aseRussia esifundeni samanje saseTula ...
2. Phakathi kokhokho baka-A. Odoevsky kwakukhona u-oprichnik ovelele uNikita Odoevsky, owabulawa ngu-Ivan the Terrible, u-Novgorod voivode u-Yuri Odoevsky, ikhansela langempela le-private and senator u-Ivan Odoevsky. Umbhali, isazi sefilosofi kanye nothisha uVladimir Odoevsky wayengumzala ka-Alexander. KwakunguVladimir owafa umndeni ka-Odoevsky. Lesi sihloko sadluliselwa enhlokweni yokuphathwa kwesigodlo, uNikolai Maslov, owayeyindodana kaPrincess Odoevsky, noma kunjalo, umphathi wasebukhosini naye akazange ashiye inzalo.
3. Uyise ka-Alexander wenza umsebenzi wakudala wobusosha womuntu ohlonishwayo waleyo minyaka. Wangenela inkonzo yezempi eneminyaka engu-7, engaphansi kwengu-10 waba usayitsheni we-Life Guards webutho likaSemyonovsky, eneminyaka engu-13 wathola isikhundla sesignali, eneminyaka engu-20 waba ukaputeni nomsizi wePrince Grigory Potemkin. Ngokuthathwa kuka-Ishmayeli wathola isiphambano esasungulwa ngokukhethekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma kungeyona ihlazo, ukulahleka kwesimo - kuleyo minyaka umsizi-de-camp wathola iziphambano noma izinyathelo ngamadayimane, izinkulungwane zama-ruble, amakhulu emiphefumulo yamaserf, bese kuba nesiphambano, esasinikezwe cishe wonke umuntu wonke amaphoyisa. U-Ivan Odoevsky udluliselwa ebuthweni laseSofia futhi uqala ukulwa. Ukuze impi eBrest-Litovsk, uthola inkemba yegolide. A. Suvorov wayala lapho, ngakho-ke inkemba kufanele ifanelwe. Kabili, osevele esesikhundleni seGeneral General, u-Odoevsky uyayeka ukusebenza futhi kabili ubuyiselwa emsebenzini. Okwesithathu, uyabuya ngokwakhe, ehola ibutho lezempi lamasosha empini elwa noNapoleon. Wafika eParis wagcina esulile.
4. Imfundo uSasha Odoevsky wayithola ekhaya. Abazali bakhonze kakhulu izibulo elidlulile (lapho kuzalwa indodana, u-Ivan Sergeevich wayeneminyaka engama-33 ubudala, kanti uPraskovya Alexandrovna wayeneminyaka engama-32), imiphefumulo futhi ikakhulukazi othisha babengalawulwa, bezibophezela ekuqinisekiseni ukukhuthala komfana, ikakhulukazi njengoba ephumelele kahle izilimi zombili kanye nesayensi ngqo.
5. Isikhathi sizokhombisa ukuthi waphumelela ngokwedlulele ukumunca izahlulelo zikathisha wezomlando uKonstantin Arseniev kanye nothisha waseFrance uJean-Marie Chopin (ngasendleleni, unobhala weShansela Wombuso WaseRussia iNkosana uKurakin). Phakathi nezifundo, umbhangqwana wachazela u-Alexander ukuthi buyingozi kangakanani ubugqila baseRussia nobudlova, nokuthi bakubambezela kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi, umphakathi kanye nemibhalo. Olunye udaba eFrance! Futhi amatafula ezincwadi zomfana kwakuyimisebenzi kaVoltaire noRousseau. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, u-Arsenyev wanikeza u-Alexander ngasese incwadi yakhe "Umbhalo Wezibalo". Umqondo oyinhloko wencwadi "inkululeko ephelele, engenamkhawulo".
6. Lapho eneminyaka eyi-13, u-Alexander waba umabhalane (ngokunikezwa isikhundla sobhalisi wobambiswano), kungabi ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, kodwa kwiKhabinethi (unobhala womuntu siqu) weSilo Sakhe. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, ngaphandle kokuvela enkonzweni, le nsizwa yaba ngunobhala wesifundazwe. Lesi sikhundla sihambisana no-lieutenant osezingeni elijwayelekile lamasosha, isibhengezo noma ikhandlela konogada, kanye nomuntu ophakathi kwempi yasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, lapho u-Odoevsky eshiya umsebenzi womphakathi (ngaphandle kokusebenza usuku) futhi engena konogada, kwakudingeka asebenzise ikhenethi futhi. Kwamthatha iminyaka emibili.
Alexander Odoevsky ngo-1823
7. Umbhali u-Alexander Bestuzhev wethule u-Odoevsky emphakathini wama-Decembrists. Umzala ka-Alexander Griboyedov no-namesake, azi kahle intshisekelo yesihlobo, wazama ukumxwayisa, kodwa kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya. UGriboyedov, ngasendleleni, wayephelele ngenqubekela phambili, kepha inqubekela phambili yayicabangisisa futhi ilinganiselwe. Waziwa kakhulu ngesitatimende sakhe mayelana namaphoyisa angama-warrant ayikhulu azama ukuguqula ukwakheka kombuso waseRussia. Griboyedov ngokuthi Decembrists esizayo abayiziwula mathupha. Kepha u-Odoevsky akazange alalele amagama esihlobo esikhulile (umbhali we-Woe from Wit wayeneminyaka engu-7 emdala).
8. Abukho ubufakazi besipho sezinkondlo sika-Odoevsky ngaphambi kokuvukela kukaDecembrist. Kuyaziwa kuphela ukuthi wabhala izinkondlo ngokuqinisekile. Ubufakazi bomlomo babantu abaningana buhlala okungenani izinkondlo ezimbili. Enkondlweni emayelana nesikhukhula sango-1824, imbongi iveze ukuzisola ngokuthi la manzi awazange awubhubhise wonke umndeni wasebukhosini, ngenkathi ichaza lo mndeni ngemibala esabekayo. Inkondlo yesibili ifakiwe kufayela lecala elibhekene no-Odoevsky. Ibibizwa nge- "Lifeless City" futhi yasayinwa ngegama-mbumbulu. UNicholas ngabuza iNkosana uSergei Trubetskoy ukuthi ngabe isiginesha engaphansi kwenkondlo ilungile. UTrubetskoy ngokushesha "waqhekeka wavula", kanti inkosi yayalela ukuthi kushiswe iqabunga nevesi.
Enye yezinhlamvu zika-Odoevsky ngenkondlo
9. U-Odoevsky wathatha ifa likanina ongasekho esifundazweni saseYaroslavl, okungukuthi, wayemi kahle ngokwezimali. Uqashe indlu enkulu eduze kwe-Horse Guards Manege. Indlu yayinkulu kangangokuba, ngokusho kuka-Alexander, umalume (inceku) kwesinye isikhathi wayengayitholi ekuseni futhi wayehambahamba emakamelweni, ememeza ewadini. Ngokushesha nje lapho u-Odoevsky ejoyina uzungu, baqala ukubuthana endlini yakhe. Futhi Bestuzhev wathuthela Odoevsky unomphela.
10. Ubaba, engazi lutho ngempela ngokuhlanganyela emphakathini oyimfihlo, ngokusobala waba nomuzwa wokuthi indodana yakhe isengozini, ngenhliziyo yayo. Ngo-1825, wathumela u-Alexander izincwadi eziningana ezithukuthele zimnxusa ukuba eze endaweni ye-Nikolaevskoye. Ubaba onobuhlakani ezincwadini zakhe uhlambalaze indodana yakhe ngokukhetha ubudlabha nokungakhathali. Kamuva kwavela ukuthi umalume uNikita washeshe wazisa u-Ivan Sergeevich hhayi kuphela ngendaba u-Odoevsky Jr. ayenayo nowesifazane oshadile (kuphela iziqalo ezaziwayo ngaye - i-V.N.T) - kodwa nangezinkulumo ezazisendlini ka-Alexander. Kuyisici sokuthi indodana, eyayizochoboza abashiqela futhi iketule umbuso wentando yeningi, yesaba ulaka lukayise.
11. NgoDisemba 13, 1825, u-Alexander Odoevsky wayengayixazulula kahle inkinga yokususa uNicholas I ngaphandle kokuvukela. Kuwele kuye ukuthi abe semsebenzini usuku lonke e-Winter Palace. Ngokuhlukanisa amasosha ukushintsha onogada, waze waphazamisa nobuthongo obubucayi benkosi - uNicholas wayesanda kuthola ukusolwa nguYakov Rostovtsev mayelana nokuvukela okwakusondela ngakusasa. Phakathi nophenyo, uNikolai wakhumbula u-Odoevsky. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi wezwa noma yimiphi imizwa enomusa ngaleli qhugwane - impilo yakhe yayicishe ibe sekugcineni kwenkemba ka-Alexander.
Ukushintshwa konogada e-Winter Palace
12. U-Odoevsky wachitha usuku lonke ngoDisemba 14 eSenatskaya, esethole ithimba lebutho laseMoscow elalilawulwa. Akazange agijime lapho izibhamu zishaya amavukelambuso, kepha wahola amasosha ngesikhathi bezama ukuklelana ngekholomu baqonda ngasePeter and Paul Fortress. Kuphela lapho ama-cannonballs alimaze iqhwa futhi aqala ukuwela ngaphansi kwesisindo samasosha, u-Odoevsky wazama ukubaleka.
13. Ukuphunyuka kuka-Odoevsky kwakungakulungiselelwe kahle kangangoba u-Alexander wayengashiya abaphenyi bakaTsar ngaphandle kwengxenye yomsebenzi wabo omkhulu. Wathatha izingubo nemali kubangani, ehlose ukuhamba eqhweni aye eKrasnoe Selo ebusuku. Kodwa-ke, ngokulahleka nokucishe ukuminza, isikhulu sabuyela ePetersburg kumalume waso uD. Lansky. Wathatha le nsizwa equlekile wayiyisa emaphoyiseni futhi wancenga uMphathi Wamaphoyisa u-A.Shulgin ukuba avume u-Odoevsky.
14. Ngesikhathi ephekwa ngemibuzo, u-Odoevsky waziphatha ngendlela efanayo nabaningi bamaDecembrists - wakhuluma ngokuzithandela ngabanye, futhi wachaza izenzo zakhe ngokugcwala kwengqondo, umkhuhlane nokukhathala ngemuva kokubuka kosuku e-Winter Palace.
15. UNicholas I, obehambele ukuphenywa kokuqala, kwamcasula kakhulu ubufakazi buka-Alexander waze waqala ukumhlambalaza ngokuthi wayengomunye wemindeni emidala futhi ehlonipheke kakhulu embusweni. Kodwa-ke, inkosi yasheshe yabuyela ezingqondweni zayo futhi yayala ukuba kuthathwe lo muntu oboshiwe, kodwa lo mphilippines akazange abe nomthelela ku-Odoevsky.
UNicholas I waqala ukubamba iqhaza ekuphenyweni kwakhe futhi wethuka ngobukhulu balolu zungu
16. U-Ivan Sergeevich Odoevsky, njengezihlobo zabanye ababambe iqhaza ekuvukeleni, wabhalela uNicholas I ecela umusa endodaneni yakhe. Le ncwadi ibhalwe ngesizotha esikhulu. Ubaba ucele ukumnika ithuba lokuthi aphinde afundise indodana yakhe.
17. U-Odoevsky uqobo wabhalela yena uTsar uqobo. Incwadi yakhe ayibukeki njengokuphenduka. Engxenyeni eyinhloko yomlayezo, uqale athi ukhulume kakhulu ngesikhathi ephenywa, ezwakalisa ngisho nokuqagela kwakhe. Ngemuva kwalokho, eziphikisa, u-Odoevsky uthi angabelana ngolwazi oluthe xaxa. UNikolai ubeke isinqumo: "Makabhale, anginaso isikhathi sokumbona."
18. Emgudwini wePeter and Paul Fortress, u-Odoevsky wawela ekucindezelekeni. Akumangalisi: amaqabane amadala ayebophele uzungu, amanye avela ngo-1821, kanti amanye avela ngo-1819. Iminyaka eminingana, ngandlela thile ungazijwayeza ngombono wokuthi konke kuzokwembulwa, bese kuthi labo abakha uzungu babe nesikhathi esinzima. Yebo, namaqabane "anolwazi", amaqhawe aziwa kakhulu ngo-1812 (phakathi kwabakwaDecembrists, ngokungafani nenkolelo evamile, ayembalwa kakhulu, cishe ama-20%), njengoba kungabonakala ezinhlelweni zokuphenya ngemibuzo, awazange anqikaze ukudambisa inkatho yawo ngokunyundela abantu ababehambisana nabo, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu, isosha.
Ikhamera enqabeni kaPeter noPaul
19. Enqabeni kaPeter noPaul, u-Odoevsky wayesesitokisini esiphakathi kwamaseli kaKondraty Ryleyev noNikolai Bestuzhev. AbakwaDecembrists babeshaya ngamandla futhi bengena ezindongeni eziseduze, kepha akukho okwenzekile ngecornet. Kungaba yinjabulo, noma ngenxa yentukuthelo, ezwa ukungqongqoza odongeni, waqala ukugxuma azungeze iseli, wanyathela wangqongqoza kuzo zonke izindonga. I-Bestuzhev idiploma yabhala kumemori yakhe ukuthi u-Odoevsky wayengazazi izinhlamvu zamagama zaseRussia - icala elijwayeleke kakhulu phakathi kwezikhulu. Kodwa-ke, u-Odoevsky wakhuluma futhi wabhala isiRashiya kahle kakhulu. Cishe, isiphithiphithi sakhe besibangelwa ukuphelelwa yithemba okujulile. Futhi u-Alexander angaqondakala: ngesonto eledlule, wenze okuthunyelwe egumbini lokulala lasebukhosini, futhi manje usulinde isigxobo noma indawo yokunqamula. ERussia, ukujeziswa ngenhloso enonya kumuntu wombusi akuzange kukhanye ngokuhlukahluka. Amalungu ekhomishini ephenyayo kule protocol asho umqondo wakhe owonakele nokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthembela ebufakazini bakhe ...
20. Ngokwahlulelwa, u-Alexander, kanye nabo bonke abakwaDecembrists, ngaphandle kwalaba abahlanu ababelengisiwe, baba nenhlanhla ngokungagwegwesi. Lezi zihlubuki, ziphethe izikhali ezandleni zazo, zamelana nombusi osemthethweni, zasindiswa. Bagwetshwe intambo kuphela, kodwa uNikolai waguqula zonke izigwebo ngokushesha. Amadoda alengisiwe nawo - agwetshwe ikota. U-Odoevsky ugwetshwe esigabeni sokugcina, sesine. Wathola iminyaka eyi-12 yokusebenza kanzima nokudingiswa okungapheli eSiberia. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, leli gama lehliselwa eminyakeni eyi-8. Sekukonke, ebala ngokudingiswa, wadonsa isigwebo seminyaka eyishumi.
21. NgoDisemba 3, 1828, u-Alexander Griboyedov, elungiselela ukuthatha uhambo lwakhe oluyinhlekelele oluya eTehran, wabhalela umphathi-sikhulu webutho laseRussia eCaucasus incwadi futhi, nakumuntu wesibili kuhulumeni, u-Count Ivan Paskevich. Encwadini ayibhalela umyeni womzala wakhe, uGriboyedov wacela uPaskevich ukuthi abambe iqhaza esiphethweni sika-Alexander Odoevsky. Ithoni yencwadi ibifana nesicelo sokugcina sendoda efayo. UGriboyedov ushone ngoJanuwari 30, 1829. U-Odoevsky wasinda kuye ngeminyaka eyi-10.
U-Alexander Griboyedov wanakekela umzala wakhe kwaze kwaba yizinsuku zakhe zokugcina
22. U-Odoevsky wayiswa emsebenzini onzima (iziboshwa ezijwayelekile zahamba ngezinyawo) ngemali yomphakathi. Uhambo olusuka eSt. Petersburg luye eChita luthathe izinsuku ezingama-50. U-Alexander nabangane bakhe abathathu - abafowethu bakaBelyaev noMikhail Naryshkin - bafika eChita njengesiboshwa sokugcina seziboshwa ezingama-55. Bakhelwe ijele elisha ngokukhethekile.
Ijele laseChita
23. Ukusebenza kanzima ngenkathi efudumele kwakuhlanganisa nokwenza ngcono ijele: ababoshiwe bemba imisele yokuhambisa amanzi, baqinisa uthango, balungisa imigwaqo, njll. Ebusika, izinkambiso zazikhona. Iziboshwa kwakudingeka zigaye ufulawa ngezigayo zesandla amahora ama-5 ngosuku. Isikhathi esisele, iziboshwa zazikhululekile ukukhuluma, ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo, ukufunda noma ukubhala. Amakhosikazi ayi-11 eza kwabanenhlanhla. U-Odoevsky wanikezela inkondlo ekhethekile kubo, lapho abiza khona abesifazane abadingisiwe ngokuzithandela njengezingelosi. Ngokuvamile, ejele, wabhala izinkondlo eziningi, kodwa eminye yemisebenzi nje kuphela awaba nesibindi sokuyifunda ukuze ayikopishele amaqabane akhe. Omunye umsebenzi ka-Alexander wafundisa amaRussia amaqabane akhe.
Igumbi elijwayelekile ejele laseChita
24. Inkondlo u-Odoevsky adume ngayo yabhalwa ngobusuku obubodwa. Usuku oluqondile lokubhala alwaziwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi yabhalwa njengempendulo yenkondlo ka-Alexander Pushkin "Okthoba 19, 1828" (Ekujuleni kwama-ores aseSiberia ...). Le ncwadi yathunyelwa kuChita yadluliselwa ku-Alexandrina Muravyova ebusika bango-1828-1829. AbakwaDecembrists bayalela u-Alexander ukuthi abhale impendulo. Bathi izimbongi zibhala kabi uku-oda. Endabeni yenkondlo ethi "Izintambo zemisindo yomlilo ongokwesiprofetho ...", eyaba yimpendulo kuPushkin, lo mbono awulungile. Imigqa, hhayi engenamaphutha, yaba ngomunye wemisebenzi emihle kakhulu, uma kungenjalo engcono, ka-Odoevsky.
Ngo-1830, u-Odoevsky, kanye nezinye izakhamuzi zasejele laseChita, badluliselwa esitshalweni sePetrovsky - indawo enkulu eTransbaikalia. Lapha iziboshwa nazo azizange zithwale umsebenzi, ngakho-ke u-Alexander, ngaphezu kwezinkondlo, naye wayebandakanyeka emlandweni. Ubegqugquzelwa ngabezindaba ababethunyelwe besuka eSt.
Isitshalo sePetrovsky
26. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, u-Alexander wathunyelwa ukuba ayohlala esigodini saseThelma. Ukusuka lapha, ngaphansi kwengcindezi kayise kanye noMbusi-Jikelele waseMpumalanga Siberia A.S. Lavinsky, owayeyisihlobo esikude sika-Odoyevsky, wabhalela umbusi incwadi yokuphenduka. U-Lavinsky unamathisele ukuma okuhle kuyo. Kodwa amaphepha ayenomphumela ophambene - uNicholas I akagcinanga ngokuxolela u-Odoevsky, kodwa futhi wangicasukela iqiniso lokuthi wayehlala endaweni ephucukile - kwakukhona imboni enkulu eThelma. U-Alexander wathunyelwa emzaneni wase-Elan, eduze nase-Irkutsk.
U-Lavinsky no-Odoevsky abasizanga, futhi yena uqobo wathola inhlawulo esemthethweni
27. E-Elan, yize isimo sempilo sasiwohloka, u-Odoyevsky wajika: wathenga futhi wahlela indlu, waqala (ngosizo lwabalimi bendawo, kunjalo) ingadi yemifino nemfuyo, ayala ngayo imishini eminingi yezolimo. Unyaka wonke eqoqe umtapo wezincwadi omuhle kakhulu. Kodwa ngonyaka wesithathu wempilo yakhe ekhululekile, kwadingeka futhi ukuthi athuthe, kulokhu aye e-Ishim.Sasingekho isidingo sokuzinza lapho - ngo-1837 umbusi wakhipha isikhundla sokudingiswa kuka-Odoevsky wangasese emabuthweni aseCaucasus.
28. Efika eCaucasus, u-Odoevsky wahlangana wenza ubungane noMikhail Lermontov. U-Alexander, yize wayeyimfihlo yangasese yebutho le-4 leTengin, wayehlala, adle futhi axhumana nezikhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, akazifihlanga ngezinhlamvu zezintaba zasezintabeni, ezathola inhlonipho ngozakwabo.
Umdwebo opendwe nguLermontov
29. Ngo-Ephreli 6, 1839, u-Ivan Sergeevich Odoevsky washona. Izindaba zokufa kukayise zamhlaba umxhwele u-Alexander. Amaphoyisa aze ambeka nokuqapha kuye ukuze angazibulali. U-Odoevsky wayeka ukuncokola nokubhala izinkondlo. Lapho ibutho liyiswa ekwakhiweni kwezinqaba eFort Lazarevsky, amasosha nezikhulu baqala ukuphathwa umkhuhlane ngobuningi. U-Odoevsky naye wagula. Ngo-Agasti 15, 1839, wacela umngani wakhe ukuthi amphakamise embhedeni. Ngokushesha lapho enza lokhu, u-Alexander waquleka futhi wafa ngemuva komzuzu.
30. U-Alexander Odoevsky wangcwatshwa ngaphandle kwezindonga zenqaba, khona kanye emthambekeni osogwini. Ngeshwa, ngonyaka olandelayo, amasosha aseRussia ashiya ugu, inqaba yathunjwa yashiswa yizintaba. Bachitha namathuna amasosha aseRussia, kufaka phakathi ithuna lika-Odoevsky. 
