UGrigory Efimovich Rasputin (1869 - 1916) wayengumuntu odidayo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe nangemva kokufa kwakhe eqhubeka nokuba njalo, yize inqwaba yezincwadi nezindatshana ezashicilelwa ngaye eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule esezidlulile emhlabeni. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ngenxa yokushoda kwezinto eziyiqiniso, izincwadi eziphathelene noRasputin zamdweba njengedimoni elonakele elabhubhisa iRussia, noma njengomfel 'ukholo ongcwele ongenacala. Ngokwengxenye kwakuxhomeke ebuntwini bombhali, ngokwengxenye ekuhlelweni komphakathi.
Imisebenzi yamuva ayifaki ukucaca okuningi. Ababhali babo bavame ukungena ezihlakalweni, bengabasizi abaphikisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalobi abanenzondo njengo-E. Radzinsky bathatha ukuthuthukiswa kwesihloko. Badinga ukuthola iqiniso ekugcineni, into esemqoka iyashaqisa, noma, njengoba kuyimfashini ukusho manje, hype. Futhi impilo kaRasputin namahemuhemu ngaye kunikeze izizathu ezishaqisayo.
Ababhali bezifundo ezinamaphuzu acishe abe naphansi cishe bayavuma ukuthi, naphezu kokujula kocwaningo, bahlulekile ukuqonda isimo seRasputin. Lokho wukuthi, amaqiniso aqoqiwe futhi ahlaziywa, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthola izizathu eziwavezile. Mhlawumbe ngokuzayo, abacwaningi bazoba nenhlanhla enkulu. Okunye futhi okungenzeka: labo abakholelwa ukuthi inganekwane kaRasputin yadalwa ngabaphikisi baseRussia bayo yonke imikhakha yezepolitiki baqinisile. URasputin ube yisibalo esifanelekile sokugxekwa okungaqondile, kepha okubukhali nokungcolile komndeni wasebukhosini kanye nohulumeni wonke waseRussia. Ngemuva kwakho konke, wayenga u-tsarina, ngokubeka kwakhe ongqongqoshe futhi aqondise ukusebenza kwamasosha, njll. Abavukeli bayo yonke imivimbo babecabanga ukuthi ukugxekwa okuqondile kwenkosi kwakungamukeleki kubantu baseRussia abampofu, futhi basebenzisa enye indlela.
1. Ngesikhathi uGrisha esemncane, waveza isenzo sokweba amahhashi. Ngemuva kokuzwa ingxoxo phakathi kukayise nabanye abantu bakule ndawo ngokufunwa okungaphumelelanga kwehhashi lomunye wabampofu, umfana wangena egumbini wakhomba ngqo omunye walabo ababekhona. Ngemuva kokuhlola umsolwa, leli hhashi latholwa egcekeni lakhe, kwathi uRasputin waba ngumphathi.
Nabanye abantu bendawo
2. Emva kokushada eneminyaka eyi-18, uRasputin akazange ahole indlela yokuphila ehlonipheke kakhulu - akazange anqikaze emphakathini wesifazane, ukuphuza, njll. Kancane kancane waqala ukufakwa umoya wenkolo, wafunda imiBhalo Engcwele futhi waya ezindaweni ezingcwele. Endleleni eya kwenye yezindawo zokuhambela, uGregory wahlangana noMaluta Soborovsky, umfundi esikoleni semfundo yenkolo. USkuratovsky, ngemuva kwezingxoxo ezinde, waqinisekisa uGrigory ukuthi angalimazi amakhono akhe ngokuphila okuxekethile. Umhlangano waba nethonya elikhulu empilweni yakamuva kaRasputin, futhi uSoborovsky wagcina eseMoscow, washiya inkonzo yakhe yezindela futhi wabulawa empini eyayidakwe eSukharevka.
3. Iminyaka eyi-10, uRasputin wenza uhambo oluya ezindaweni ezingcwele. Akavakashelanga nje kuphela izindawo ezingcwele ezibalulekile zaseRussia, kepha wahambela nase-Athos naseJerusalema. Wahamba umhlaba kuphela ngezinyawo, wagibela enqoleni kuphela uma umnikazi emmemile. Ubedla izipho, nasezindaweni ezimpofu ebela ukudla kwabanikazi. Ngenkathi enza uhambo lokuhambela izindawo ezingcwele, wayegcina amehlo nezindlebe zakhe zivulekile futhi waqiniseka ukuthi ubu-monasticism yinto ehlekisayo. UGregory naye wayenombono ongemuhle neze ngabefundisi besonto. Wayeyazi kahle imiBhalo Engcwele futhi enengqondo eyenele eyenqabela ukuzikhukhumeza kwanoma imuphi umbhishobhi.
4. Ekuhambeleni kwakhe kokuqala eSt. Petersburg, uRasputin kwadingeka axoxe nababhishobhi abahlanu ngasikhathi sinye. Yonke imizamo yabefundisi abasezikhundleni eziphakeme besonto yokuphambanisa abalimi baseSiberia noma ukumbamba ngezimpikiswano ezindabeni zezenkolo yaba yize. Futhi uRasputin wabuyela eSiberia - wayekhumbula umndeni wakhe.
5. UGrigory Rasputin wayephatha imali, ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengomlimi oshisekayo - wakhela umndeni wakhe indlu, wahlinzekela abathandekayo bakhe - ngakolunye uhlangothi, waba ngumuntu othanda ukuzincisha ngokweqiniso. Wagcina, njengezinsuku zakudala eFrance, indlu evulekile lapho noma ngubani angadla kuyo athole indawo yokukhosela. Futhi umnikelo ongazelelwe ovela kumthengisi ocebile noma onxiwankulu wayengababela ngokushesha labo abadinga indlu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokudelela waphonsa izinyanda zamaphepha emali ediloweni ledeski, futhi ushintsho oluncane lwabampofu lwaklonyeliswa ngamazwi amade okubonga.
6. Ukuhambela kwakhe kwesibili eSt. Petersburg, eRasputin kungenzeka ukuthi wakwenza kwaba njengokunqoba kwaseRoma lasendulo. Ukuthandwa kwakhe kwafinyelela ezingeni lokuthi izixuku zabantu zazilindele izipho ezivela kuye ngemuva kwezinkonzo zangeSonto. Izipho zazilula futhi zishibhile: isinkwa se-ginger, izingcezu zikashukela noma amakhukhi, amaduku, izindandatho, amaribhoni, amathoyizi amancane, njll. Kodwa kwakukhona ukuqoqwa okuphelele kokuhunyushwa kwezipho - hhayi zonke izinkwa zesinkwa se-ginger ezazibikezela "impilo emnandi", injabulo, futhi hhayi yonke indandatho eyayibonisa umshado.
7. Ekuxhumaneni nomndeni wasebukhosini, uRasputin wayengeyena owehlukile. UNicholas II, umkakhe namadodakazi akhe bathanda ukwamukela zonke izinhlobo zabathakathi, abazulazulayo, amakhasi, neziwula ezingcwele. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kwasekuseni nokudla kwakusihlwa noRasputin kungachazwa kahle ngesifiso samalungu omndeni wasebukhosini ukuxhumana nomuntu ovela kubantu abavamile.
Emndenini wasebukhosini
8. Imininingwane mayelana nokwelashwa kukaRasputin wesakhamuzi esihle saseKazan Olga Lakhtina iyaphikisana impela. Odokotela, bobabili abaseRussia nabakwamanye amazwe, bamphathela ize ngenxa yesifo sakhe somzimba esilimazayo. URasputin wamfundela imithandazo eminingana futhi wamelapha emzimbeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, wengeza ukuthi umphefumulo obuthakathaka uzobhubhisa uLakhtina. Owesifazane wayekholelwa ngokunamandla emakhonweni amangalisayo kaGregory kangangokuthi waqala ukumkhulekela ngentshiseko futhi wafela endlini yokuhlanya ngemuva nje kokufa kwesithombe. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda solwazi lwanamuhla lwe-psychology kanye ne-psychiatry, kungenzeka ukuthi sicabange ukuthi isifo kanye nokwelashwa kweLakhtina kubangelwe yizizathu zengqondo.
9. URasputin wenza izibikezelo eziningi, eziningi zazo ngendlela engacacile ("UDuma wakho ngeke aphile isikhathi eside!" - futhi wakhethwa iminyaka emi-4, njll.). Kepha umshicileli futhi, njengoba ezibiza kanjalo, umuntu wasemphakathini u-A. V. Filippov wenza imali ecacile ngokushicilela izincwajana eziyisithupha zokubikezela kukaRasputin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abafunda izincwajana, ababheka ukubikezela njengokweqile, bavele bawela ngaphansi kwesiphonso se-Elder lapho bezizwa kusuka ezindebeni zakhe.
10. Isitha esikhulu sikaRasputin kusukela ngo-1911 kwakuwukuvikela kwakhe nomngani wakhe, uHieromonk Iliodor (uSergei Trufanov). U-Iliodor uqale wasakaza izincwadi ezivela kumalungu omndeni wamakhosi zaya kuRasputin, okuqukethwe okungabhekwa okungenani njengokuyindida. Ngemuva kwalokho washicilela incwadi ethi "Grisha", lapho asola khona ngqo indlovukazi ngokuhlala ndawonye noRasputin. U-Iliodor wajabulela ukusekelwa okungekho emthethweni emibuthanweni yezikhundla eziphezulu kanye nezikhulu kangangokuba uNicholas II wabekwa esikhundleni sokuzithethelela. Ngomlingiswa wakhe, lokhu kwenza isimo saba sibi kakhulu - ekuphenduleni izinsolo, wakhononda okuthile ngempilo yakhe ...
URasputin, Iliodor noHermogene. Namanje bangani ...
11. Owokuqala ukukhuluma ngobulili obubi bukaRasputin kwakungu-rector webandla lasekhaya lakwaRasputins esigodini sasePokrovskoye, uPyotr Ostroumov. Lapho uGrigory, kokunye ukuhambela kwakhe ezweni lakubo, ethembisa ukunikela ngezinkulungwane zama-ruble ngezidingo zesonto, u-Ostroumov, ngokuqonda kwakhe konke, wanquma ukuthi isivakashi esivela kude sifuna ukuthatha indawo yakhe yesinkwa, saqala ukukhala ngeKhlysty kaRasputin. U-Ostroumov, njengoba besho, wadlula irejista yemali - amaKhlysty ayehlukaniswa ngokuzithiba ngokocansi ngokweqile, futhi izinkanuko ezinjalo azikwazanga ukuyenga iPetersburg ngaleso sikhathi. Icala likaKhlysty likaRasputin lavulwa kabili, futhi wathula kabili ngokungatholakali ethola ubufakazi.
Imigqa kaDon Aminado "Futhi nakwabampofu be-cupid / Ukubheka kabi kusuka ophahleni / Esiwula esinesihloko, / Entshebeni yendoda" akuvelanga ekuqaleni. Ngo-1910, uRasputin waba ngumuntu ovame kakhulu kuma-salon amantombazane - yiqiniso, umuntu angangena ezindlini zobukhosi.
13. Umbhali odumile uTeffi uchaze umzamo wakhe wokuyenga uRasputin (kunjalo, kuphela ngokucela kukaVasily Rozanov) ngokwezinkulumo ezifanele kakhulu intombazane yesikole kunaleyo eyayinenhliziyo edume kabi eyayinguTeffi. URozanov uhlezi kabili uTeffi omuhle ngakwesobunxele sikaRasputin, kepha impumelelo enkulu yombhali kwakuyi-Autograph yomdala. Yebo, wabhala incwadi ngalesi sigemegeme, le ntokazi ayimkhumbulanga.
Mhlawumbe uRozanov bekufanele ngabe ubeke uTeffi maqondana noRasputin?
14. Umphumela wokuphulukisa kaRasputin kuTsarevich Alexei, owayehlushwa i-hemophilia, uqinisekiswa ngisho nayinzondo enkulu kaGrigory. Odokotela bomndeni wasebukhosini uSergei Botkin noSergei Fedorov okungenani kabili bathola ukungabi namandla kwabo ngokopha kulo mfana. Zombili lezi zikhathi uRasputin wayenemikhuleko eyanele yokusindisa u-Alexei opha. USolwazi Fedorov ubhalele ngqo uzakwabo waseParis ukuthi njengodokotela akakwazanga ukuchaza le nto. Isimo somfana sathuthuka kancane kancane, kodwa ngemuva kokubulawa kukaRasputin, u-Alexei waphinde waba buthakathaka futhi waba buhlungu kakhulu.
Tsarevich Alexey
15. URasputin wayenecala elibi ngentando yeningi elimele uMbuso uDuma. Ubize amasekela ngezikhulumi nezikhulumi. Ngokombono wakhe, kukokondlayo ukuthi anqume, hhayi ochwepheshe abayaziyo imithetho.
Kakade esekudingisweni, umngani weNdlovukazi yokugcina uLily Den emcimbini wokuzijabulisa wazama ukuchaza isimo sikaRasputin esebenzisa isibonelo esasiqondakala kahle kwabaseBrithani. Ngemuva kokulinganisela ubukhulu bamazwe womabili, wabuza impendulo, njengoba kubonakala kuye, umbuzo: izakhamuzi zaseFoggy Albion zizosabela kanjani kumuntu osuke eLondon waya e-Edinburgh (530 km) ngezinyawo (Hawu, umqondo wabesifazane!). Watshelwa ngokushesha ukuthi lapho esendleleni loyo pilgrim wayezobulawa ngenxa yokungahambi kahle, ngoba umuntu engqondweni yakhe wayezowela lesi siqhingi ngesitimela, noma azohlala ekhaya. Futhi uRasputin wahamba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-4,000 ukusuka endaweni yangakubo eya eKiev ukufika eKiev-Pechersk Lavra.
17. Isici esihle kakhulu sesimo somphakathi ofundile waseRussia ngemuva kokushona kukaRasputin yindlela yokuziphatha kwamaphephandaba. Izintatheli ezikahle, ezazilahlekelwe yizo zonke izinsalela zokungabi nengqondo ejwayelekile, kepha nezokuziphatha kwabantu okuyisisekelo, zashicilela kusuka kokukhishwa ukukhipha ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Rasputiniad" ubuqili obubi kakhulu. Kodwa ngisho nodokotela wezifo zengqondo odumile emhlabeni uVladimir Bekhterev, owayengakaze axhumane noGrigory Rasputin, wanikeza ingxoxo ngaye ezingxenyeni eziningana, ekhuluma "ngokulutha ngocansi" komuntu obulewe ngesihluku.
Isibonelo Sokuveza Ubuntatheli
18. URasputin wayengeyena umthengisi wamateku, kodwa wayephuza ngokulingene ngokwanele. Ngo-1915, kusolwa ukuthi wahilizisana namanyala endaweni yokudlela yaseMoscow iYar. Ayikho imibhalo ngalokhu egcinwe ezinqolobaneni, yize umnyango wezokuphepha waseMoscow ubheke uRasputin. Kunencwadi kuphela echaza lesi siphithiphithi, esathunyelwa ehlobo lika-1915 (ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-3,5). Umbhali wencwadi wayeyinhloko yomnyango, uColonel Martynov, futhi yayithunyelwe kumsizi kaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi uDzhunkovsky. Lesi sakamuva saziwa ngokusiza ukuhambisa ingobo yomlando ephelele ye-Iliodor (Trufanov) phesheya futhi ihlele kaningi ukuphikisana noRasputin.
19. UGrigory Rasputin wabulawa ngobusuku bango-Okthoba 16-17, 1916. Lokhu kubulala kwenzeka esigodlweni sezikhulu u-Yusupov - kwakunguNkosana uFeliksi Yusupov owayengumphefumulo wozungu. Ngaphezu kukaPrince Felix, iphini likaDuma uVladimir Purishkevich, uGrand Duke Dmitry Pavlovich, u-Count Sumarokov-Elston, udokotela uStanislav Lazovert no-lieutenant Sergei Sukhotin babamba iqhaza ekubulaweni. U-Yusupov waletha uRasputin esigodlweni sakhe ngemuva kwamabili futhi wamelapha ngamakhekhe newayini elinobuthi. Ubuthi abuzange busebenze. Lapho uRasputin esezohamba, inkosana yamdubula ngemuva. Isilonda asizange sibulale, kanti uRasputin, yize eshaywe kaningi ekhanda nge-flail, ukwazile ukuphuma egumbini elingaphansi wangena emgwaqweni. Lapha uPurishkevich wayesevele emdubula - isibhamu esidlule kathathu, esesine ekhanda. Sebekhahlele isidumbu, ababulali basithatha basishiya esigodlweni basiphonsa emgodini weqhwa. Isijeziso sangempela senziwa kuphela nguDmitry Pavlovich (ukuvinjelwa kokushiya iPetrograd bese uthumela emasosheni) kanye noPurishkevich (uBel waboshwa futhi wadedelwa ngaphansi kombuso weSoviet). 
20. Ngo-1917, amasosha aguqukayo afuna ukuthi uHulumeni Wesikhashana uwavumele ukuba athole futhi ambele ithuna likaRasputin. Kwakukhona amahemuhemu ngobucwebe obabekwa yindlovukazi nendodakazi yakhe ebhokisini. Kwamagugu asebhokisini, isithonjana kuphela esinemidwebo yamalungu omndeni wamakhosi satholakala, kodwa ibhokisi likaPandora lavulwa - uhambo lokuya ethuneni lwaqala ethuneni likaRasputin. Kwathathwa isinqumo sokususa ngasese ibhokisi nomzimba ePetrograd bese lingcwatshwa endaweni eyimfihlo. NgoMashi 11, 1917, imoto eyayiphethe ibhokisi lomngcwabo yaphuma ngaphandle kwedolobha. Emgwaqweni oya ePiskaryovka, imoto yonakala, futhi ithimba lomngcwabo lanquma ukusishisa isidumbu sikaRasputin eduze komgwaqo.
