Akumangazi ukuthi iziQhingi zaseGalapagos zithakazelisa kangako ukuzihlola, ngoba ziyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zezimbali nezilwane, ezinye zazo ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Iqoqo leziqhingi lingelensimu ye-Ecuador futhi yisifundazwe salo esihlukile. Namuhla, zonke iziqhingi namadwala azungezile aphendulwe yaba yipaki likazwelonke, lapho kufika khona izixuku zabavakashi minyaka yonke.
Livelaphi igama leziQhingi zaseGalapagos?
IGalapagos wuhlobo lofudu abahlala kulezi ziqhingi, yingakho lezi ziqhingi zaqanjwa ngabo. Le mihlangano yobuningi bomhlaba ibizwa nangokuthi iGalapagos, iTurtle Islands noma iColon Archipelago. Futhi, le nsimu ngaphambili yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Enchanted Islands, ngoba kwakunzima ukuhlala emhlabeni. Imisinga eminingi yenza ukuhamba kwemikhumbi kwaba nzima, ngakho akubona bonke abantu abakwazi ukufika ogwini.
Imephu yokuqala eseduze yalezi zindawo yahlanganiswa yipirate, yingakho wonke amagama eziqhingi anikezwa ukuhlonipha abaphangi noma abantu ababasizile. Baphinde baqanjwa kabusha, kepha ezinye izakhamizi ziyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinhlobo zakudala. Ngisho nemephu iqukethe amagama avela ezinkathini ezahlukene.
Izici ze-Geographic
Iqoqo leziqhingi lineziqhingi eziyi-19, eziyi-13 zazo zinomsuka wentaba-mlilo. Kubandakanya namatshe ayi-107 nezindawo zomhlaba ezigeziwe ezigeleze ngaphezu kwamanzi. Ngokubheka ebalazweni, ungaqonda ukuthi iziqhingi zikuphi. Omkhulu kunabo bonke, u-Isabela, naye ungomncane kunabo bonke. Kukhona izintaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo lapha, ngakho-ke lesi siqhingi sisengaphansi kwezinguquko ngenxa yokukhishwa nokuqhuma, okokugcina kwenzeka ngo-2005.
Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Galapagos iyisiqhingi se-equatorial, isimo sezulu lapha asijabulisi neze. Isizathu silele kumanje obandayo ogeza osebeni. Kulokhu, izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingehla ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-20. Izinga elijwayelekile lonyaka liwela ebangeni lama-23-24 degrees. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi kunenkinga enkulu ngamanzi eziQhingini zaseGalapagos, njengoba cishe ingekho imithombo yamanzi amasha lapha.
Ukuhlola iziqhingi nezakhamuzi zakhona
Selokhu kwatholakala iziqhingi ngo-Mashi 1535, akekho noyedwa obenentshisekelo ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni zasendle zale ndawo, kuze kube yilapho uCharles Darwin nomkhankaso wakhe beqala ukuhlola iColon Archipelago. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lezi ziqhingi kwakuyindawo yamasela, yize zazithathwa njengekoloni laseSpain. Kamuva, kwavela umbuzo wokuthi ngubani owake waba neziqhingi ezishisayo, kwathi ngo-1832 iGalapagos yaba yingxenye ye-Ecuador ngokusemthethweni, kwathi iPuerto Baquerizo Moreno yamiswa njengenhlokodolobha yesifundazwe.
UDarwin uchithe iminyaka eminingi eziqhingini efunda ngokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezintaka. Kulapha lapho aqala khona izisekelo zemfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yesikhathi esizayo. Izilwane eziseTurtle Islands zicebile kakhulu futhi azifani nezilwane kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba ukuthi zingafundwa amashumi eminyaka, kepha ngemuva kukaDarwin, akekho noyedwa owabandakanyeka, yize iGalapagos yaziwa njengendawo eyingqayizivele.
Ngesikhathi se-WWII, i-United States yasungula isikhungo samasosha lapha, ngemuva kokuphela kobutha, iziqhingi zaphendulwa indawo yokuba neziboshwa. Kuphela ngo-1936, lezi ziqhingi zanikezwa isikhundla sePaki kaZwelonke, ngemuva kwalokho zaqala ukunaka kakhulu ukuvikelwa kwemithombo yemvelo. Kuyiqiniso, ezinye izinhlobo ngaleso sikhathi zase zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, okuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ku-documentary mayelana nalezi ziqhingi.
Ngenxa yezimo ezithile zesimo sezulu kanye nezinto ezikhethekile zokwakheka kweziqhingi, kunezinyoni eziningi, izilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlanzi, kanye nezitshalo ezingatholakali kwenye indawo. Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke esihlala kule ndawo ingonyama yasolwandle yaseGalapagos, kepha okujabulisa kakhulu izimfudu ezinkulu, ama-boobies, izibankwa zolwandle, ama-flamingo, ama-penguin.
Izikhungo zabavakashi
Lapho uhlela uhambo, izivakashi zifuna ukwazi ukuthi zingafika kanjani endaweni emangalisayo. Kunezinketho ezimbili ezithandwayo ongakhetha kuzo: kuhambo olwandle noma ngendiza. Kunezikhumulo ezimbili zezindiza eziqhingini zaseColon, kepha imvamisa zihlala eBaltra. Kuyisiqhingi esincane esisenyakatho yeSanta Cruz lapho kutholakala khona izisekelo zamasosha ezisemthethweni zase-Ecuador. Kulula ukufika eziqhingini eziningi ezithandwa izivakashi ezivela lapha.
Izithombe ezivela eziqhingini zaseGalapagos ziyahlaba umxhwele, ngoba kunamabhishi obuhle obumangalisayo. Ungachitha usuku lonke echibini eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ujabulela ilanga elishisayo ngaphandle kokushisa okushisayo. Abantu abaningi bancamela ukuyoshona phansi, njengoba olwandle kugcwele imibala ngenxa yodaka lwentaba-mlilo oluqandisiwe endaweni esogwini.
Sincoma ukufunda ngeSaona Island.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ziyozitika ngenjabulo esivunguvungwini esinabatshuzi be-scuba, ngoba lapha sezijwayele abantu. Kepha oshaka bahlala eduze nalezi ziqhingi, ngakho-ke kufanele ubuze kusengaphambili ukuthi ngabe ukuntywila endaweni ekhethiwe kuvunyelwe.
Yiliphi izwe elingeke liziqhenye ngendawo emangalisayo njengeGalapagos, uma kubhekwa ukuthi lifakwe kuhlu lwamaGugu Omhlaba. Ama-landscape abukeka njengezithombe, ngoba ohlangothini ngalunye bayamangala ngobuningi bemibala. Kuliqiniso, ukuze ulondoloze ubuhle bemvelo kanye nezakhamizi zakhona, kufanele wenze imizamo eminingi, okuyilokho okwenziwa yisikhungo sokucwaninga.
