AmaNazca Lines asadala impikiswano enkulu ngokuthi ngubani owadala nokuthi avela nini. Izinhlaka ezixakile, ezibonakala ngokusobala ekubukeni kwenyoni, zifana nezimo zejometri, ngisho nemivimbo, ngisho nabamele izilwane. Ubukhulu bama-geoglyphs bukhulu kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zithombe zenziwe kanjani.
I-Nazca Lines: Umlando Wokutholwa
Ama-geoglyphs ayinqaba - iminonjana ebusweni bomhlaba, atholakala okokuqala ngo-1939 ethafeni laseNazca ePeru. American Paul Kosok, endiza phezu kwethafa, wabona imidwebo exakile, ekhumbuza izinyoni nezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu. Izithombe zihlangane ngemigqa nobubunjwa bejometri, kepha zagqama ngokusobala kakhulu ukuthi bekungenakwenzeka ukungabaza abakubonayo.
Kamuva ngo-1941, uMaria Reiche waqala ukucwaninga ubujamo obungaziwa endaweni enesihlabathi. Kodwa-ke, kwakunokwenzeka ukuthatha isithombe sendawo engavamile kuphela ngo-1947. Isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, uMaria Reiche uzinikele ekuchazeni izimpawu ezingajwayelekile, kepha isiphetho sokugcina asikaze sinikezwe.
Namuhla, ugwadule lubhekwa njengendawo yokongiwa kwemvelo, futhi ilungelo lokuyihlola selidluliselwe esikhungweni sezamasiko sasePeru. Ngenxa yokuthi ukutadisha indawo enkulu kangaka kudinga izimali ezinkulu, umsebenzi wesayensi owengeziwe wokuchaza imigqa yeNazca kuze kube manje umisiwe.
Incazelo yemidwebo yeNazca
Uma ubheka usemoyeni, imigqa yasethafeni ibonakala kahle, kepha uma uhamba ehlane, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kunokuthile okuvezwa phansi. Ngalesi sizathu, azitholakalanga kwaze kwaba yilapho kuthuthukiswa izindiza. Amagquma amancane asethafeni asonta izithombe, ezidwetshwa imisele embiwa kuyo yonke indawo. Ububanzi bemisele bufinyelela ku-135 cm, futhi ukujula kwayo kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-50 cm, kanti inhlabathi ifana yonke indawo. Kungenxa yobukhulu obumangazayo bemigqa ebonakala kusuka ekuphakameni, yize kungabonakali lapho uhamba ngezinyawo.
Phakathi kwemifanekiso kubonakala ngokusobala:
- izinyoni nezilwane;
- izibalo zejometri;
- imigqa enesiphithiphithi.
Ubukhulu bezithombe eziphrintiwe bukhulu impela. Ngakho-ke, i-condor ilula ngebanga elicishe libe yi-120 m, kanti isibankwa sifinyelela ku-188 m ubude.Kukhona nomdwebo ofana nowomkhathi, ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha angama-30. Indlela yokudweba ama-geoglyphs iyafana, futhi imigqa iyabukeka ngobusuku bayo, ngoba ngisho nobuchwepheshe besimanje, umsele ubonakala ungenakwenzeka.
Ukucabanga kobunjalo bokuvela kwemigqa
Ososayensi abavela emazweni ahlukene bazamile ukuthola ukuthi lolayini bakhomba kuphi nokuthi babekwa ngubani. Kwakunombono wokuthi izithombe ezinjalo zenziwa ama-Inca, kepha ucwaningo luye lwafakazela ukuthi zadalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunobuzwe. Isikhathi esilinganiselwe sokuvela kwemigqa yeNazca sithathwa njengekhulu lesi-2 BC. e. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho isizwe samaNazca sasihlala ethafeni. Emzaneni wabantu, kwatholakala imidwebo efana nemidwebo esehlane, ephinda iqinisekise ukuqagela kososayensi.
Kuyafaneleka ukufunda nge-Ukok Plateau emangalisayo.
UMaria Reiche wafunda ezinye zezimpawu, ezamvumela ukuthi abeke umbono wokuthi imidwebo ibonisa imephu yesibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi, ngakho-ke yasetshenziselwa izinhloso zezinkanyezi noma zezinkanyezi. Kuliqiniso, le mbono yaphikiswa kamuva, ngoba yingxenye yesine kuphela yezithombe elingana nemizimba eyaziwayo yezinkanyezi, ebonakala inganele ukuphetha ngokunembile.
Okwamanje, akwaziwa ukuthi kungani kwakudwetshwa imigqa yeNazca nokuthi abantu, ababengenawo amakhono okubhala, bakwazi kanjani ukukhiqiza imikhondo enjalo endaweni engamamitha-skwele angama-350. km.
