Intaba-mlilo iKrakatoa namuhla ayihlukile ngobukhulu obukhulu, kodwa lapho yaba yimbangela yokunyamalala kwesiqhingi sonke futhi isadala impikiswano maqondana nemiphumela yokuqhuma kwayo kwesikhathi esizayo. Ishintsha minyaka yonke, ithonya iziqhingi eziseduze. Noma kunjalo, inesithakazelo esikhulu kubavakashi, ngakho-ke bavame ukuvakashela izivakashi futhi babone i-stratovolcano ikude.
Imininingwane eyisisekelo mayelana nentaba-mlilo iKrakatoa
Kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuthi izwekazi elilodwa lezintaba-mlilo ezikhona emhlabeni litholakala kuphi, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi liyingxenye yeMalay Archipelago, ebizwa nge-Asia empeleni. Lezi ziqhingi ziseSunda Strait, kanti intaba-mlilo uqobo lwayo iphakathi kweSumatra neJava. Ukunquma ukuxhumanisa kwendawo kweKrakatoa encane akulula, njengoba kungashintsha kancane ngenxa yokuqhuma okuhlelekile, ubude nobubanzi bangempela bungokulandelayo: 6 ° 6 "7 ″S, 105 ° 25" 23 ″ E.
Phambilini, i-stratovolcano yayiyisiqhingi sonke esinegama elifanayo, kepha ukuqhuma okunamandla kwasusa ubuso bomhlaba. Kuze kube muva nje, iKrakatoa yaze yakhohlwa, kepha yaphinda yavela futhi yakhula minyaka yonke. Ukuphakama kwamanje kwentaba-mlilo ngamamitha ayi-813. Ngokwesilinganiso, inyuka cishe ngamamitha ayi-7 minyaka yonke. Kukholakala ukuthi intaba-mlilo ixhuma zonke iziqhingi zalesi siqhingi, enendawo ephelele yamamitha-skwele ayi-10.5. km.
Umlando wenhlekelele enkulu kunazo zonke
I-Krakatoa ngezikhathi ezithile ikhafula okuqukethwe kwayo, kepha kube nokuqhuma okumbalwa okunamandla emlandweni. Umcimbi oyinhlekelele kakhulu kubhekwa ukuthi wenzeka ngo-Agasti 27, 1883. Bese kuthi intaba-mlilo emise okwezigaxa yandiza yaba yizicucu, yajikijela izingcezu ezingama-500 km ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. UMagma undizele emfudlaneni onamandla usuka emgodini uye ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-55. Umbiko uthe amandla okuqhuma ayengamaphuzu ayi-6, okunamandla aphindwe kayizinkulungwane kunokuhlasela kwenuzi eHiroshima.
Unyaka wokuqhuma okukhulu kakhulu uzokwehla unomphela emlandweni wase-Indonesia nasemhlabeni wonke. Futhi yize kwakungekho bantu unomphela eKrakatoa, ukuqhuma kwalo kwaqubula ukufa kwezinkulungwane zabantu eziqhingini eziseduze. Ukuqhuma kobudlova kubangele i-tsunami ephakeme ngamamitha angama-35 ebimboze ngaphezu kolwandle olulodwa. Ngenxa yalokho, intaba-mlilo yaseKrakatoa yahlukana yaba yiziqhingi ezincane:
- Rakata-Kecil;
- Rakata;
- ISergun.
Ukukhula kweKrakatoa encane
Ngemuva kokuqhuma kweKrakatoa, isazi sezintaba-mlilo uVerbeek, komunye wemiyalezo yakhe, wabeka umbono wokuthi kwakuzovela entsha endaweni yentaba-mlilo eyanyamalala ngenxa yesakhiwo somhlaba kule ndawo yezwekazi. Isibikezelo sagcwaliseka ngo-1927. Kwabe sekuqubuka ukuqhuma kwamanzi, umlotha wakhuphuka ngamamitha ayi-9 wahlala emoyeni izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kwale micimbi, kwaqhamuka isiqeshana somhlaba esakhiwe ngodaka oluqinile, kepha sabhujiswa ngokushesha ulwandle.
Uchungechunge lokuqhuma luphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezinomona, okwaholela ukuthi ngo-1930 kuzalwe intabamlilo, eyanikezwa igama elithi Anak-Krakatau, elihumusha ngokuthi "Ingane yaseKrakatau".
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ubheke intaba-mlilo iCotopaxi.
Isigaxa sishintshe ukuma kwaso amahlandla ambalwa ngenxa yomthelela omubi wamaza olwandle, kepha kusukela ngo-1960 ibilokhu ikhula ngokuqinile futhi ihehe inani elikhulu labaphenyi.
Akekho ongabazayo ukuthi le volcano iyasebenza noma ayisekho, ngoba ngezikhathi ezithile ikhipha amagesi, umlotha nodaka. Ukuqhuma kokugcina okuphawulekayo kubuyele emuva ku-2008. Bese umsebenzi uhlala unyaka nohhafu. NgoFebhuwari 2014, iKrakatoa yazibonakalisa futhi, yabangela ukuzamazama komhlaba okungaphezulu kwama-200. Njengamanje, abacwaningi bahlala beqaphe izinguquko esiqhingini sentaba-mlilo.
Inothi labavakashi
Yize lesi siqhingi sentaba-mlilo singahlalwa yinoma ngubani, imibuzo ingavela ukuthi iliphi izwe ukuze wazi ukuthi ungafika kanjani endalweni yemvelo. E-Indonesia, kunqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuhlala eduze nentaba-mlilo eyingozi, kanye nemikhawulo yokuvakasha kwabavakashi, kepha abantu bendawo bakulungele ukuphelezela labo abafisa ngqo kulesi siqhingi futhi baze basize nokukhuphuka iKrakatoa uqobo. Kuliqiniso, akekho umuntu osekhuphukele emgodini futhi akekho umuntu ozovunyelwa lapho, ngoba isimilo sentaba-mlilo asinakulindeleka.
Asikho isithombe esikwazi ukuveza umbono weqiniso wentaba-mlilo yaseKrakatoa, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi balwela ukufika esiqhingini ukuze bazibonele ngawabo ama-stingray ambozwe umlotha, bathathe izithombe emabhishi ampunga, noma bahlole izitshalo nezilwane ezisanda kuvela. Ukuze ufike e-volcano, kufanele uqashe isikebhe. Lokhu kungenziwa, isibonelo, esiqhingini saseSebesi. IRanger ayizukukhombisa kuphela ukuthi intaba-mlilo ikuphi, kodwa futhi izokuhambisa lapho, ngoba ukuhamba wedwa akuvumelekile.
