Inqaba yaseGenoa iyona ekhanga kakhulu eSudak, etholakala enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea eFortress Hill. Kuyisakhiwo esakhiwe ngekhulu lesi-7. Ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakuwumugqa wokuzivikela wezizwe eziningi nezifundazwe, kwathi ngekhulu le-19 waba umnyuziyamu. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa okuyingqayizivele okulondoloziwe, inani elikhulu lamafilimu laqoshwa lapha, ngokwesibonelo, u-Othello (1955), iPirates of the XX century (1979), The Master and Margarita (2005). Namuhla amakhulu ezivakashi eza eSudak ukuzojabulela ubuhle balesi sakhiwo.
Inqaba yamaGenesis: umlando namaqiniso athakazelisayo
Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, yavela ngonyaka we-212, yakhiwa yizizwe ezinjengempi zase-Alans. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi abaningi nokho bathi ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ngekhulu le-7 futhi bacabanga ukuthi amaByzantine noma amaKhazars akwenzile. Emakhulwini eminyaka ahlukene, yayiphethwe abantu abahlukahlukene: i-Polovtsy, iTurkey futhi, nakanjani, izakhamizi zedolobha laseGenoa - le nqaba ibizwa ngokuhlonipha kwabo.
Ngaphandle, isakhiwo sinemigqa emibili yokuvikela - ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Eyangaphandle inemibhoshongo engu-14 nesango elikhulu. Imibhoshongo icishe ibe ngamamitha ayi-15 ukuphakama, ngayinye enegama lekhansela elivela eGenoa. Isakhiwo esiyisihluthulelo salolayini yinqaba yaseSt. Isiphambano.
Ukuphakama kwezindonga zomugqa wokuqala kungamamitha ayi-6-8, ubukhulu bungamamitha amabili. Lesi sakhiwo sasithathwa njengesinye sezivikelwe kakhulu eMpumalanga Yurophu. Ulayini wangaphakathi unemibhoshongo emine nezinqaba ezimbili - iConsular neSt. U-Ilya. Ngemuva kwalolayini kwakuyidolobha laseSoldaya, elakhiwe ngamasiko amahle kakhulu emadolobhana aphakathi.
AbaseGeneese abahlalanga isikhathi eside lapha. Ngo-1475, eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, abaseTurkey bathatha inqaba yaseGenoa, abantu bashiya idolobha, futhi nempilo yalapha empeleni yeka. Ngokuxhunyaniswa kweCrimea eMbusweni waseRussia, iziphathimandla zanquma ukungasibuyisi isakhiwo. Kuphela ngaphansi kuka-Alexander II, le nqaba yadluliselwa ku-Odessa Society of History and Antiquities, ngemuva kwalokho isakhiwo saphenduka saba umnyuziyamu.
Ngaphakathi Kwenqaba YamaGenoa
Ngaphezu kokubukeka kwayo okukhulu, inqaba yaseGenoa nayo inesithakazelo esikhulu ezinhlakeni zayo zangaphakathi. Ukungena emnyuziyamu kungenxa yesango elikhulu. Okuhehayo lapha yi-barbicana, ipulatifomu emise okwamahhashi phambi kwesango. Okunye futhi okuthakazelisayo yibhuloho le-pivot eliholela ekungeneni.
Endaweni engaphezulu kwamahektha angama-30 asele: izakhiwo, izinqolobane, imithombo yamanzi, ithempeli lamaSulumane, amathempeli. Kodwa-ke, okuheha kakhulu le nqaba imibhoshongo yayo. Ngaphakathi, izivakashi zizokhonjiswa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene, endala kunazo zonke iMaiden Tower, esendaweni ephakeme kakhulu yenqaba yaseGenesis (amamitha ayi-160).
Igama lesibili linguSentinel (lembula inhloso yalo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhoshongo esempumalanga nasentshonalanga, eqanjwe ngama-consuls aseGenoa, iyathakazelisa ukuvakasha. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubuka ingosi ye-arched ngokuvula okwenziwe ngomcibisholo, okuqanjwe ngegama likanxusa.
Akunakwenzeka ukungakhulumi ngezinqaba ezisenqabeni yaseGenoa. Enkulu kunazo zonke iConsular Castle - inhloko yedolobha yayikulesi sakhiwo uma kunengozi. Ngumbhoshongo omude kunayo yonke edolobheni, ngaphandle kwalokho ubizwa ngokuthi yi-donjon futhi uzungezwe yizinqaba zonke izinhlangothi zonke.
Ungabuka isakhiwo ngokuzimela nanjengengxenye yokuvakasha. Kulabo abangafuni ukuhambahamba kuphela endaweni ehlaba umxhwele, abaqondisi banikeza indaba ejabulisayo ngomlando wesakhiwo. Intengo yethikithi yokuvakasha incane - ama-ruble angama-50, iqembu lakhiwa njalo ngesigamu sehora, ubude besikhathi siyimizuzu engama-40. Akubandakanyi nje kuphela ukuvakashela amanxiwa, kodwa futhi nomnyuziyamu omncane ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ezigcinwe kahle. E "Ithempeli eline-arcade" kunesichasiselo esitshela ngomlando wenqaba yaseGenoa, kanye nokuchazwa ngomlando wempi namaNazi.
Ngesikhathi sohambo noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamahhala, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela indawo yokubuka eseduze ne-mosque. Ukusuka lapha umbono we-panoramic wezindawo ezinhle zombhoshongo, weSudak uyavula. Nali ithuba lokuthatha izithombe ezimangazayo.
Umkhosi "Isigqoko sokuzivikela sikaKnight"
Kusukela ngo-2001, imiqhudelwano emisha yakhiwa kabusha enhliziyweni yenqaba yaseGenoa. Eziningi zazo zimbalwa ngenani futhi zenzelwe ukujabulisa izivakashi zomnyuziyamu. Kodwa-ke, umkhosi wamazwe omhlaba "i-Knight's Helmet" ubanjwa minyaka yonke lapha, okuwumdlalo wokugqoka, lapho kwenzeka khona ukwakhiwa kabusha komlando kwemiqhudelwano yangenkathi ephakathi. Njalo ngonyaka izivakashi ziza eSudak ukuze zifike kulo mkhosi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ngokwehlukana ukuthi ngesikhathi se- "Knight's Helmet" amanani ohambo, amathikithi eminyuziyamu, imikhiqizo yezikhumbuzo ayanda kaningana. Ngo-2017, lo mkhosi wawubanjwa ekupheleni kukaJulayi njalo ngezimpelasonto kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ngaphezu komqhudelwano uqobo, kulezi zinsuku kune- "City of Craftsmen" yombukiso, lapho ungathenga khona imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngabenzi bamanje besimanje - imikhiqizo evela ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kusuka kukhuni ukusakaza i-iron.
Ngaphezu kwe-Knight's Helmet, kubanjwa inqwaba yemiqhudelwano, ukulingiswa okungokomlando neminye imicimbi. Uhlelo lwemikhosi lungabukwa kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomnyuziyamu.
Ulwazi oluvamile
Engxenyeni yokugcina yendatshana, kufanelekile ukusho amagama ambalwa ajwayelekile, uphendule imibuzo esemqoka maqondana nokuvakashela inqaba yaseGenoa.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ubheke ePrague Castle.
Ukuphi? Ukukhanga okuyinhloko kweSudak kutholakala e-st. Inqaba yaseGenoa, 1 emaphethelweni asentshonalanga yedolobha. Ukudidiyela: 44 ° 50'30 ″ N (44.84176), 34 ° 57'30 ″ E (34.95835).
Ungafika kanjani lapho? Ungeza ngezithuthi zomphakathi ukusuka enkabeni yeSudak - ngalokhu udinga ukuthatha umzila # 1 noma # 5, wehle esitobhini i-Uyutnoye, bese uhamba imizuzu embalwa. Umgwaqo uzogijima emigwaqweni emincane, okukuvumela ukuthi uzwe umoya wedolobha lasendulo. Ngemoto yangasese, udinga ukuhamba ngeTourist Highway, engena eGenese Fortress. Kukhona indawo yokupaka ekahle eduze nomnyuziyamu.
Amahora okuvula nezindleko zokuba khona. Umnyuziyamu unezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuvula namanani wokungena kuye ngesizini. Ngesikhathi esiphakeme (ngoMeyi-Septhemba), lesi sakhiwo samukela izivakashi kusuka ngo-8: 00 kuya ku-20: 00, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, umnyuziyamu uvulwa kusukela ngo-9: 00 kuye ku-17: 00. Ithikithi lokungena - ama-ruble ayi-150 kubantu abadala, ama-ruble angama-75 kwabahlomuli, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 zingena mahhala. Intengo ihlanganisa kuphela ukuvakasha kwenqaba yaseGenoa. Ukuvakasha, imibukiso yemnyuziyamu nokunye ukuzijabulisa kukhokhwa ngokwehlukana, kepha izinsizakalo ezingeziwe azibizi.
Ungahlala kuphi? Kulabo abazodonswa yile nqaba kangangoba kuzoba nesifiso sokuyihlola izinsuku ezimbalwa, umbuzo wokukhetha ihhotela uzoba impela. Eduze kakhulu kunamahhotela ahlukahlukene, izindlu zezivakashi, amahhotela kanye namahhotela amancane ngakho konke ukunambitheka nesabelomali. Ukuthola igumbi ngeke kube nzima, kepha ngenkathi ephezulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhosi, udinga ukunakekela igumbi kusengaphambili.
