ULucrezia Borgia (1480-1519) - indodakazi engekho emthethweni kaPapa Alexander VI kanye nenkosikazi yakhe uVanozza dei Cattanei, bashada noCountess of Pesaro, uDuchess waseBisceglie, uDuchess-indodakazi yaseFerrara. Abafowabo kwakunguCesare, Giovanni noJoffre Borgia.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaLucrezia Borgia, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane yeBorgia.
Umlando kaLucrezia Borgia
ULucrezia Borgia wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 18, 1480 esifundeni sase-Italiya iSubio. Mincane kakhulu imibhalo esindile mayelana nobuntwana bakhe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umzala wakhe ozala ingane wayehilelekile ekukhuleni kwakhe.
Ngenxa yalokho, u-anti wakwazi ukunikeza uLucretia imfundo enhle kakhulu. Le ntombazane yazi kahle isiNtaliyane, isiCatalan nesiFulentshi, futhi yayikwazi nokufunda izincwadi ngesiLatini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayekwazi ukudansa kahle futhi wayezazi izinkondlo.
Yize ababhali be-biographer bengazi ukuthi ukubukeka kukaLucrezia Borgia kwakunjani, ngokujwayelekile kukholakala ukuthi wayehlukaniswa ngobuhle bakhe, ukubukeka kwakhe okuncane nokuheha okukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayehlala emomotheka futhi ebukeka ethembeni empilweni.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uPapa Alexander VI wakhuphula bonke abantwana bakhe abayiziboshwa baba sesikhundleni sabashana. Futhi yize ukwephulwa kwezindinganiso zokuziphatha phakathi kwabamele abefundisi kwase kuthathwa njengesono esingabalulekile, le ndoda yayisakugcina kuyimfihlo ukuba khona kwezingane zayo.
Ngenkathi uLucrezia eneminyaka engaphansi kweyi-13 ubudala, wayesevele eganelwe ama-aristocrat endawo kabili, kepha lolu daba aluzange lufike emshadweni.
Indodakazi kaPapa
Lapho uKhadinali Borgia eba uPapa ngo-1492, waqala ukuphatha uLucretia ngobuqili, emsebenzisa ezinkingeni zezepolitiki. Noma ngabe le ndoda izame kangakanani ukufihla ubaba wayo, wonke umuntu omzungezile wayazi ukuthi le ntombazane yindodakazi yakhe.
ULucrezia wayengupopayi wangempela ezandleni zikayise nomfowabo uCesare. Ngenxa yalokho, washada nezikhulu ezintathu ezahlukahlukene. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ubeneme yini emshadweni ngenxa yolwazi olutholakala nge-biography yakhe.
Kuneziphakamiso zokuthi uLucrezia Borgia wayejabule ngomyeni wakhe wesibili, iNkosana Alfonso yase-Aragon. Kodwa-ke, ngomyalo kaCesare, umyeni wakhe wabulawa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuyeka ukuba nentshisekelo emndenini waseBorgia.
Ngakho-ke, uLucretia empeleni wayengeyona eyakhe. Impilo yakhe yayisezandleni zomndeni ocashile, ocebile futhi ozenzisayo, owawusenkabeni yezinkathazo ezahlukahlukene.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1493, uPapa Alexander 6 washada nendodakazi yakhe kumshana womkhulu kaMilan ogama lakhe linguGiovanni Sforza. Akunakuphikwa ukuthi lo mfelandawonye waphethwa ngokubalwa, ngoba wawusiza umpapa.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemuva komshado, abasanda kushada abaphila njengendoda nenkosikazi. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ukuthi uLucretia wayeneminyaka eyi-13 kuphela futhi kwakusekuseni kakhulu ukuthi angene ebudlelwaneni obusondelene naye. Ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi lezi zithandani azikaze zilale ndawonye.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4, umshado kaLucrezia no-Alfonso wachithwa ngenxa yokungadingeki, okungukuthi ngokuhlobene nezinguquko zezepolitiki. Ubaba waqala izinqubo zesehlukaniso ngesisekelo sokuphela - ukungabi bikho kocansi.
Ngesikhathi kucatshangelwa ukuba semthethweni kwehlukaniso, intombazane yafunga ukuthi iyintombi nto. Entwasahlobo ka-1498 kwakukhona amahemuhemu okuthi uLucretia ubelethe ingane - uGiovanni. Phakathi kwabantu abangahle bafake izicelo zobaba, uPedro Calderon, ongomunye wabathenjwa ngupapa.
Kodwa-ke, balahla ngokushesha isithandwa esingahle sibe khona, ingane ayizange inikezwe umama, futhi uLucretia waphinda washada. Umyeni wakhe wesibili kwakungu-Alfonso wase-Aragon, owayengamadodana angekho emthethweni ombusi waseNaples.
Cishe ngemuva konyaka, ubudlelwane obufudumele buka-Alexander 6 namaFulentshi baxwayisa inkosi yaseNaples, ngenxa yalokho u-Alfonso ahlala ngokuhlukana nomkakhe isikhashana. Ngokulandelayo, ubaba wakhe wanika uLucretia isigodlo futhi wamuphathisa isikhundla sokuba ngumbusi wedolobha laseSpoleto.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi intombazane yazibonakalisa njengomphathi omuhle nosomaqhinga. Ngesikhathi esifushane, wakwazi ukuzama uSpoleto noTerni, ababekade beyizitha ngaphambili. Ngenkathi iNaples iqala ukubamba iqhaza elinciphayo enkundleni yezombusazwe, uCesare wanquma ukwenza uLucretia abe ngumfelokazi.
Uyalele ukuthi kubulawe u-Alfonso emgwaqweni, kodwa wakwazi ukusinda, yize wayenamanxeba amaningi okugwazwa. ULucrezia Borgia unakekele umyeni wakhe ngokucophelela inyanga yonke, kepha uCesare akazange awulahle umqondo wokuqeda ibhizinisi. Ngenxa yalokho, le ndoda yaklinywa embhedeni wayo.
Okwesithathu, uLucretia wehla ngendlela nendlalifa kuDuke waseFerrara - u-Alfonso d'Este. Lo mshado bekufanele usize uPapa enze umfelandawonye wokulwa neVenice. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuqaleni umkhwenyana, kanye noyise, bamshiya uLucretia. Isimo sishintshile ngemuva kokungenelela kukaLouis XII kulolu daba, kanye nelobolo eliningi elilingana nodoli abayi-100,000.
Eminyakeni elandelayo yomlando wakhe, le ntombazane yakwazi ukunqoba bobabili umyeni nomukhwe wayo. Wahlala unkosikazi ka-Este kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe. Ngo-1503 waba yintandokazi yembongi uPietro Bembo.
Ngokusobala, kwakungekho ukuxhumana okusondelene phakathi kwabo, kodwa kwakukhona kuphela uthando lwe-plonic, olwaboniswa ngemibhalo yezothando. Omunye umuntu oyintandokazi kaLucrezia Borgia kwakunguFrancesco Gonzaga. Abanye ababhali bama-biographer ababushiyi ngaphandle ubuhlobo babo obuseduze.
Lapho umyeni osemthethweni eshiya izwe lakubo, uLucretia wayebandakanyeka kuzo zonke izindaba zombuso nezomndeni. Wakwazi ukuphatha kahle futhi enqabeni. Owesifazane uvikele abaculi, futhi wakha isigodlo nenhlangano esiza abantulayo.
Izingane
ULucrezia wayekhulelwe kaningi futhi waba ngumama wezingane eziningi (ngaphandle kokubala izisu ezimbalwa). Ngasikhathi sinye, izingane zakhe eziningi zashona zisencane.
Ingane yokuqala engaba khona yendodakazi kapapa ibhekwa njengomfana uGiovanni Borgia. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi u-Alexander VI waqaphela umfana ngasese njengengane yakhe. Emshadweni wakhe no-Alfonso wase-Aragon, wazala indodana, uRodrigo, owayengaphili ukubona iningi lakhe.
Zonke ezinye izingane ezivela eLucretia sezivele sezihlangene no-d'Este. Ekuqaleni, lo mbhangqwana wawunentombazane eyayizelwe ishonile, futhi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, kwazalwa umfana u-Alessandro, owashona esewusana.
Ngo-1508, lo mbhangqwana wawunendlalifa okwase kuyisikhathi eside ulindelwe, u-Ercole II d'Este, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo, umndeni wagcwaliswa ngenye indodana egama lingu-Ippolito II, okwathi esikhathini esizayo waba umbhishobhi omkhulu waseMilan nokhadinali. Ngo-1514, wazalwa umfana u-Alessandro, owashona eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.
Eminyakeni eyalandela ye-biography, uLucretia no-Alfonso baba nezinye izingane ezintathu: uLeonora, uFrancesco no-Isabella Maria. Ingane yokugcina ibingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Ukufa
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, uLucretia wayevame ukuvakashela isonto. Ngokulindela ukuphela kwakhe, wenza uhlu lwazo zonke izitsha futhi wabhala incwadi yefa. NgoJuni 1519, yena, ekhathele ukukhulelwa, waqala ukuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ubelethe ingane yentombazane engakashayi isikhathi, ngemuva kwalokho impilo yakhe yaqala ukonakala.
Owesifazane waphelelwa ukubona nokukwazi ukukhuluma. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umyeni wayehlala esondelene nomkakhe. ULucrezia Borgia ushone ngoJuni 24, 1519 eneminyaka engama-39.
Isithombe nguLucrezia Borgia
