USteven Allan Spielberg (owazalwa ngo-1946) ungumqondisi wamafilimu waseMelika, umbhali wesikrini, umkhiqizi nomhleli, ongomunye wabenzi bamafilimu abaphumelela kakhulu emlandweni wase-US. Ophumelele ama-Oscar kathathu. Amafilimu akhe angama-20 ahola kakhulu athole imali engama- $ 10 billion.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaSteven Spielberg, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaSteven Allan Spielberg.
I-biography kaSpielberg
USteven Spielberg wazalwa ngoDisemba 18, 1946 edolobheni laseMelika iCincinnati (Ohio). Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini wamaJuda.
Uyise, u-Arnold Meer, wayengunjiniyela wekhompyutha, kanti umama wakhe, uLeia Adler, wayengumshayi wopiyano okhokhelwayo. Unodadewabo abathathu: uNancy, uSusan no-Ann.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngesikhathi esemncane, uStephen wayethanda ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi phambi kwe-TV. Ebona intshisekelo yendodana yakhe ekubukeni amafilimu nochungechunge lwe-TV, ubaba wakhe wamlungiselela isimanga ngokunikela ngekhamera ye-movie ephathekayo.
Umfana wajabula kakhulu ngesipho esinjalo kangangokuba akazange ayidedele ikhamera, eqala ukushutha amafilimu amafushane.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi iSpielberg yaze yazama ukudubula ukwethuka, isebenzisa ijusi le-cherry esikhundleni segazi. Lapho eneminyaka engu-12, waba umfundi wasekolishi, lapho okokuqala khona emlandweni wakhe wabamba iqhaza emncintiswaneni wamafilimu we-amateur osemusha.
UStephen wethula ifilimu emfishane yezempi ethi "Balekela Endaweni Engafani" nethimba labahluleli, eligcine laziwa njengomsebenzi ongcono kakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abalingisi balesi sithombe babengoyise, umama nodadewabo.
Ngentwasahlobo ka-1963, ifilimu emnandi emayelana nezindawo ezingaphandle "Izibani Zezulu", eqondiswa izingane zesikole eholwa nguSpielberg, yethulwa ebhayisikobho lendawo.
Isakhiwo sichaze indaba yokuthunjwa kwabantu ngabafokazi ukuze bayisebenzise e-zoo yasemkhathini. Abazali bakaSteven baxhasa umsebenzi osesithombeni: kwatshalwa imali engaba amaRandi angama-600 kule phrojekthi, ngaphezu kwalokho, umama womndeni wakwaSpielberg unikeze izisebenzi zefilimu ukudla mahhala, futhi ubaba wasiza ekwakheni amamodeli.
Amafilimu
Ebusheni bakhe, uStephen wazama kabili ukuya esikoleni samafilimu, kepha zombili izikhathi wehluleka izivivinyo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuqhubekeni kwakhe kabusha, ikhomishini yaze yenza inothi "engacacile kakhulu." Noma kunjalo le nsizwa ayizange iyeke, iyaqhubeka nokufuna izindlela ezintsha zokuzibona.
Ngokushesha uSpielberg wangena ekolishi lobuchwepheshe. Lapho kufika amaholidi, wenza ifilimu emfushane ethi "Emblyn", okwaba yiphasi lakhe kumabhayisikobho amakhulu.
Ngemuva kokuqala kwale tepi, abamele inkampani edumile yamafilimu i- "Universal Pictures" banikeze uStephen inkontileka. Ekuqaleni wasebenza ekuthwebuleni amaphrojekthi afana neNight Gallery neColombo. Ukubulawa kwencwadi. "
Ngo-1971, uSpielberg wakwazi ukuqopha ifilimu yakhe yokuqala, iDuel, eyathola izibuyekezo ezinhle ezivela kubagxeki bamafilimu. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, umqondisi wenza i-debut yakhe yokuqala yefilimu esikrinini esikhulu. Wethula idrama yobugebengu "I-Sugarland Express", ngokususelwa kwimicimbi yangempela.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, uSteven Spielberg washaywa wudumo lomhlaba, olwamlethela isasasa elidumile elithi "Imihlathi". Iteyipu ibe yimpumelelo emangalisayo, ithola imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $ 260 ehhovisi lebhokisi!
Ngawo-1980, uSpielberg waqondisa izingxenye ezi-3 zomjikelezo odumile emhlabeni nge-Indiana Jones: "In Search of the Lost Ark", "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" kanye ne- "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade." Le misebenzi ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu emhlabeni wonke. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi amarisidi ehhovisi lamabhokisi ala mathephu adlule ama- $ 1.2 billion!
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka eyishumi ezayo, umqondisi wethula uCaptain Hook, ifilimu yezinganekwane. Ngo-1993, ababukeli babona iJurassic Park, eyaba yisasasa langempela. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amarisidi ehhovisi lamabhokisi ale theipi, kanye nemali etholakele ngokuthengiswa kwama-disc disc, ayephambene - $ 1.5 billion!
Ngemuva kwempumelelo enjalo, uSteven Spielberg uqondise ukulandelana "Umhlaba Olahlekile: IJurassic Park" (1997), eyathola imali eyizigidi ezingama- $ 620 ebhokisini lehhovisi. Engxenyeni yesithathu - "Jurassic Park 3", le ndoda yasebenza njengomdidiyeli kuphela.
Ngalesi sikhathi se-biography yakhe, uSpielberg waqeda umsebenzi kudrama yomlando odumile "Uhlu lukaSchindler". Likhulume ngosomabhizinisi wamaNazi waseJalimane u-Oskar Schindler, owasindisa amaJuda asePoland angaphezu kwenkulungwane ekufeni phakathi nokuQothulwa Kwesizwe. Le khasethi iwine ama-Oscars ayi-7, kanye neminye inqwaba yemiklomelo ehlonishwayo emaqenjini ahlukahlukene.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, uStephen waqondisa amafilimu adumile afana ne- "Amistad" nethi "Saving Private Ryan". Eminyakeni eyinkulungwane entsha, umlando wakhe wesikhondlakhondla ugcwaliswe ngemisebenzi yobuciko emisha, kufaka phakathi i-Catch Me If You Can, iMunich, iTheminali kanye neMpi Yomhlaba.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amarisidi ehhovisi lamabhokisi womdwebo ngamunye ayephindwe kaningana kwisabelomali sawo. Ngo-2008, uSpielberg wethula ifilimu yakhe elandelayo ekhuluma nge-Indiana Jones, The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. Lo msebenzi uqoqe ngaphezulu kwamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-786 ehhovisi lebhokisi!
Ngemuva kwalokho, uStephen waqondisa idrama iWar Horse, ifilimu yomlando i-Spy Bridge, ifilimu yomlando womuntu uLincoln namanye amaphrojekthi. Futhi, amarisidi ehhovisi lamabhokisi ale misebenzi adlula isabelomali sabo kwesinye isikhathi.
Ku-2017, kwenzeka isibonelo esimangazayo i-The Secret Dossier senzeka, esasiphathelene nemibhalo ye-Pentagon engaziwa eMpini yeVietnam. Ngonyaka olandelayo, i-Ready Player One yashaya isikrini esikhulu, yenza imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $ 582.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yobuciko bakhe bokudala, uSteven Spielberg ushuthe amakhulu amafilimu nochungechunge lwe-TV. Namuhla ungomunye wabenzi bamafilimu abadume kakhulu nabadayisayo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Unkosikazi wokuqala kaSpielberg wayengumlingisi waseMelika u-Amy Irving, ahlala naye iminyaka emi-4. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana wayenomfana ogama lakhe linguMax Samuel. Ngemuva kwalokho, lo mfana waphinde washada nomlingisi ogama lakhe linguKate Capshaw, ahlala naye iminyaka engaba ngu-30.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uKate ubambe inkanyezi ku-blockbuster i-Indiana Jones kanye neThe Temple of Doom. Kule nyunyana, lo mbhangqwana wawunezingane ezintathu: uSasha, uSawyer noDestri. Ngasikhathi sinye, abakwaSpielbergs bakhulisa ezinye izingane ezintathu zokutholwa: uJessica, Theo noMichael George.
Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, uStephen uyakujabulela ukudlala imidlalo yekhompyutha. Ubambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemidlalo yevidiyo kaningi, esebenza njengomqondo noma umbhali wezindaba.
Steven Spielberg namuhla
Ngo-2019, inkosi yayingumkhiqizi wamahlaya athi Men in Black: International kanye nochungechunge lwe-TV oluthi Kungani Sizonda. Ngonyaka olandelayo, uSpielberg waqondisa umculo weWest Side Story. Abezindaba baveza imininingwane ngokuqala kokuthwetshulwa kwengxenye yesi-5 ye- "Indiana Jones" nengxenye yesithathu ye- "Jurassic World".
Izithombe zeSpielberg
