U-Elizabeth noma U-Erzhebet Bathory we-Eched noma U-Alzhbeta Batorova-Nadashdi, obizwa nangokuthi iChakhtitskaya Pani noma i-Bloody Countess (1560-1614) - isibalisikazi saseHungary esivela emndenini waseBathory, kanye nomhlonishwa ocebile kakhulu waseHungary wesikhathi sakhe.
Waduma ngokubulawa okulandelanayo kwamantombazane amancane. Kubhalwe eGuinness Book of Records njengowesifazane owabulala abantu abaningi - 650.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaBathory, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho umlando omfushane ka-Elizabeth Bathory.
I-Biography Bathory
U-Elizabeth Bathory wazalwa ngo-Agasti 7, 1560 edolobheni laseHungary iNyirbator. Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini ocebile.
Ubaba wakhe, uGyorgy, wayengumfowabo wombusi waseTransylvanian u-Andras Bathory, kanti umama wakhe u-Anna wayeyindodakazi yomunye umbusi, u-Istvan 4. Ngaphezu kuka-Elizabeth, abazali bakhe babenamantombazane amabili futhi omunye umfana.
U-Elizabeth Bathory wachitha ubuntwana bakhe e-Eched Castle. Ngalesi sikhathi se-biography wafunda isiJalimane, isiLatini nesiGreki. Le ntombazane ngezikhathi ezithile yahlaselwa yisifo sokuwa okungazelelwe, okungaba ngenxa yesifo sokuwa.
Ukulala nesihlobo kusithinte kabi isimo sengqondo somndeni. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, wonke umuntu emndenini wakwaBathory uphethwe yisifo sokuwa, ischizophrenia nokuphuza ngokweqile.
Lapho esemncane, uBathory wayevame ukuthukuthela ngokungafanele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi yena wathi ubuCalvinism (enye yezinhlangano zenkolo zobuProthestani). Abanye ababhali bama-biographer basikisela ukuthi kwakuwukukholwa kwesibalo sabantu okwakungadala ukubulawa kwabantu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Lapho uBathory eneminyaka engaphansi kweyi-10, abazali bakhe bathembisa indodakazi yabo kuFerenc Nadashdi, indodana kaBaron Tamash Nadashdi. Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, umshado kamakoti nomkhwenyana waba khona, owawuthanyelwe yizinkulungwane zezivakashi.
UNadashdi unikeze umkakhe isigodlo saseChakhtitsky nemizana eyi-12 ezungezile. Ngemuva komshado, uBathory wayehlala yedwa isikhathi eside, njengoba umyeni wakhe ayefunda eVienna.
Ngo-1578 uFerenc wanikezwa igunya lokuhola amasosha aseHungary ezimpini ezazilwa noMbuso Wase-Ottoman. Ngenkathi umyeni wakhe elwa enkundleni yempi, intombazane yayihlanganyela endlini futhi iphatha izindaba. Kulo mshado, izingane eziyisithupha zazalwa (ngokusho kweminye imithombo, eziyisikhombisa).
Zonke izingane ze-Bloody Countess zakhuliswa ngabaphathi, kuyilapho yena engazange azinake ngokwanele. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, uBathory oneminyaka engu-13, ngisho nangaphambi komshado wakhe noNadashdi, wakhulelwa yinceku egama linguSharvar Laszlo Bendé.
Lapho uFerenc ekuzwa lokhu, wayala ukuba athene uBenda, futhi wayala ingane yentombazane, u-Anastasia, ukuba ahlukaniswe no-Elizabeth ukuze asindise umndeni ehlazweni. Kodwa-ke, ukuntuleka kwemibhalo ethembekile eqinisekisa ukuba khona kwale ntombazane kungakhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wabulawa esewusana.
Lapho umyeni kaBathory ebamba iqhaza eMpini Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu, le ntombazane yanakekela izindawo zayo, ezahlaselwa abaseTurkey. Kunamacala amaningi aziwayo lapho evikela abesifazane abangahlonishwa, kanye nalabo amadodakazi abo adlwengulwa futhi ekhulelwe.
Ngo-1604 uFerenc Nadashdi washona, ngaleso sikhathi owayeneminyaka engaba ngu-48 ubudala. Ngobusuku bokufa kwakhe, wanikeza uCount Gyordu Thurzo ukuthi anakekele izingane zakhe nomkakhe. Ngokumangazayo, nguThusi ozophenya amacala kaBathory.
Ukushushiswa kanye nophenyo
Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1600, amahemuhemu ezenzo ezimbi zeBlood Countess aqala ukusabalala kuwo wonke umbuso. Omunye wabafundisi bamaLuthela wamusola ngokwenza imikhuba yokulumba, wabikela iziphathimandla zendawo.
Kodwa-ke, izikhulu azizange ziyinake ngokwanele le mibiko. Khonamanjalo, isibalo sezikhalazo ezibhekiswe kuBathory sikhule kakhulu kangangokuba ubugebengu besibalo besivele buxoxwa kuso sonke isifundazwe. Ngo-1609, kwaxoxwa ngenkuthalo ngesihloko sokubulawa kwabesifazane besifazane abavelele.
Ngemuva kwalokho nje, kwaqala uphenyo olunzulu ngecala. Eminyakeni emi-2 eyalandela, kwaqoqwa ubufakazi bofakazi abangaphezu kuka-300, kufaka phakathi izinceku zenqaba iSarvar.
Ubufakazi babantu okukhulunywe ngabo babethusa. Abantu bathi izisulu zokuqala zikaCountess Bathory kwakungamantombazane amancane avela emakhaya. Owesifazane wamema intsha enebhizinisi lakhe enqabeni yakhe ngenhloso yokuthi uyisisebenzi sakhe.
Kamuva, uBathory waqala ukugcona izingane ezihluphekayo, ezazishaywa kanzima, ziluma inyama ebusweni, ezithweni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba. Uphinde wabulala izisulu zakhe ngendlala noma ukuziqandisa.
Abebehambisana no-Elizabeth Bathory nabo babambe iqhaza ezihlukumezeni ezichazwe, ezaziletha amantombazane kuye ngokukhohlisa noma ngodlame. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izindaba ezimayelana nokugeza kweBathory egazini lezintombi ukuze kugcinwe ubusha bakhe ziyangabazeka. Bavuka ngemuva kokushona kowesifazane.
Ukuboshwa nokuqulwa kwecala likaBathory
NgoDisemba 1610, uGyordu Thurzo wabopha u-Elizabeth Bathory nabane ababehamba naye. Abangaphansi kukaGyordu bathola intombazane eyodwa ishonile enye isifa, kanti ezinye iziboshwa bezivalele egumbini.
Kukhona umbono wokuthi u-Countess waboshwa okwamanje lapho kuthiwa utholakale egazini, kodwa le nguqulo ayinabo ubufakazi obuthembekile.
Ukuqulwa kwecala lakhe kanye nalabo ayehamba nabo kwaqala ngoJanuwari 2, 1611. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi uBathory wenqaba ukuveza umbono wakhe ngesihluku esenziwe futhi wayengavunyelwe ngisho nokuba khona ecaleni.
Isibalo esiqondile sezisulu ze-Bloody Countess asikaziwa. Abanye ofakazi bakhulume ngamantombazane amaningi ahlukunyezwa futhi abulawa, kanti abanye babalula amanani abaluleke kakhulu.
Isibonelo, owesifazane ogama lakhe linguZsuzhanna ukhulume ngencwadi kaBathory, okusolwa ukuthi ibiqukethe uhlu lwezisulu ezingaphezu kuka-650. Kodwa njengoba inombolo engu-650 yayingatholakali, izisulu ezingama-80 zamukelwa ngokusemthethweni.
Namuhla, izinhlamvu ezingama-32 ezibhalwe yi-Countess zisindile, ezigcinwe ezinqolobaneni zaseHungary. Imithombo ibiza inombolo ehlukile yabantu ababulewe - kusuka kubantu abangama-20 kuya kwabangu-2000.
Abalingani abathathu besifazane baka-Elizabeth Bathory bagwetshwe intambo. Ababili babo badabule iminwe yabo ngogongolo abashisayo base bebashisela esigxotsheni. Obehamba naye unqunywe ikhanda, isidumbu sashiswa ngomlilo.
Ukufa
Ngemuva kokuphela kwecala, uBathory waboshwa e-Cheyte Castle evalelwe yedwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, iminyango namawindi bezivinjwe ngezitini, ngenxa yalokho kwasala umgodi omncane wokungenisa umoya, lapho ukudla kwakunikezwa khona isiboshwa.
Kule ndawo, i-Countess Bathory yahlala kwaze kwaphela izinsuku zakhe. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, uchithe impilo yakhe yonke eboshelwe endlini, ekwazi ukuzungeza isigodlo.
Ngosuku lokushona kwakhe ngo-Agasti 21, 1614, u-Elizabeth Bathory wakhononda kunogada ngokuthi izandla zakhe ziyabanda, kodwa wancoma ukuthi isiboshwa silale phansi. Owesifazane wayolala, kwathi ekuseni watholakala eseshonile. Ababhali bama-biographer abakayazi indawo yangempela yokungcwaba iBathory.
Izithombe Zokugeza
