Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngezincwadi

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngezincwadi ikusize ufunde kabanzi ngemisebenzi emihle nabalobi bayo. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemibhalo emhlabeni ezivumela umuntu ukuthi angagcini ngokwazi lokhu noma lolo lwazi, kepha futhi athole injabulo enkulu kunqubo yokufunda uqobo.

Ngakho-ke, nanka amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu ngezincwadi.

1. IGone With the Wind ukuphela kwencwadi kaMargaret Mitchell. Ubhale iminyaka eyishumi, ngemuva kokuyeka ubuntatheli nokuba ngumama wekhaya.
2. Ngo-2000 kwashicilelwa inoveli kaFrédéric Beigbeder engu-99 Francs, eyayinconyelwa ukuthi ithengiswe eFrance ngalo kanye leli nani. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwamanye amazwe le ncwadi yashicilelwa ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukile ahambelana nezinga lokushintshisana lamanje. Isibonelo, "£ 9.99" e-UK noma "999 yen" eJapan.
3. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi inani elikhulu lamafilimu laqoshwa ngokuya ngemisebenzi kaWilliam Shakespeare. IHamlet iyodwa iqoshwe ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingama-20.
4. Esikhathini 1912-1948. Izindondo zama-Olimpiki azinikwanga abagijimi kuphela, kepha nabanamasiko. Sekukonke, bekunezigaba eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko: ezokwakha, izincwadi, umculo, ukudweba nokubaza. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kuka-1948, umphakathi wezesayensi wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi bonke ababambe iqhaza emincintiswaneni enjalo babengongoti emkhakheni wabo, benza imali ngobuciko. Ngenxa yalokhu, le mincintiswano yathathelwa indawo yimibukiso efanayo.
5. ENtshonalanga Yurophu nase-United States, imiqolo yezincwadi isayinwa kusuka phezulu kuye phansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kulula kakhulu ukuthi umuntu afunde igama lomsebenzi uma lisetafuleni. Kepha eMpumalanga Yurophu naseRussia, izimpande, kunalokho, zisayinwe kusuka ezansi kuya phezulu, ngoba yile ndlela okulula ngayo ukufunda amagama ezincwadi eshalofini.
6. UBulgakov wasebenza ekwakhiweni kwe- "The Master and Margarita" iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ngokufihlwa kweminyaka yobudala kukaMaster, okukhulunywa ngaye kule noveli ngokuthi "indoda eneminyaka cishe engama-38 ubudala". Lokhu yikho kanye ukuthi umlobi wayeneminyaka emingaki ngoMeyi 15, 1929, lapho eqala ukubhala ubuciko bakhe.
7. Ubuwazi ukuthi uVirginia Woolf wabhala zonke izincwadi zakhe emi?
8. Iphephandaba (bheka amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamaphephandaba) laba negama lalo ngemuva kwemali encane yase-Italy - "igazethi". Cishe eminyakeni engama-400 eyedlule, amaNtaliyane akhokha igazethi eyodwa ukuze afunde umbiko wezindaba wansuku zonke, owawufakwe endaweni ethile.
9. Lapho ebhala izincwadi, umbhali uDumas ubaba wasebenzisa usizo lwalabo ababizwa ngokuthi "abamnyama ababhalayo" - abantu ababhala imibhalo ngemali ethile.
10. Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lolwazi inothi? Utshela abafundi ngeqiniso elibalulekile noma ngomunye umcimbi wokuzijabulisa.
11. Ama-audiobook okuqala avela kuma-30s wekhulu elidlule. Babalalela izilaleli eziyimpumputhe noma abantu abangaboni kahle.
12. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi lasungulwa ngo-1892, umagazini iVogue ngokusobala ungomunye womagazini bemfashini endala kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Namuhla iphuma kanye ngenyanga.
13. ILarousse Gastronomique (1938) iyi-encyclopedia yokuqala yokupheka enkulu. Namuhla lo msebenzi wokubhala uyisikhumbuzo esiphilayo sokudla kwaseFrance.
14. Encwadini edumile kaLeo Tolstoy "Anna Karenina", umlingiswa oyinhloko waziphonsa ngaphansi kwesitimela esiteshini sase-Obiralovka ngaseMoscow. Ngesikhathi seSoviet, lo muzi waphenduka waba idolobha elibizwa ngokuthi iZheleznodorozhny.
15. UBoris Pasternak noMarina Tsvetaeva babengabangane abakhulu. Ekuqaleni kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba (1941-1945), ngenkathi uPasternak esiza intombi yakhe ukuba iphume, wahlekisa ngentambo yokupakisha, okwakuthiwa inamandla kakhulu ukuthi ungaze uzilengise kuyo. Ngenxa yalokho, kule ntambo imbongi yathatha impilo yayo eYelabuga.
16. Enye yezincwadi zokugcina zikaMarquez "Ukukhumbula izifebe zami ezidabukisayo" yashicilelwa ngo-2004. Ngosuku olwandulela lendlu yokushicilela, abahlaseli bakwazile ukuthola imibhalo yesandla yombhali odumile base beqala ukuyiprinta ngasese le ncwadi. Ukufundisa abakhohlisi isifundo, umbhali washintsha ingxenye yokugcina yendaba, ngenxa yokuthi ukusakazwa kwesigidi kwathengiswa khona manjalo ngabalandeli bomsebenzi kaMarquez.
17. U-Arthur Conan Doyle, emibhalweni yakhe ephathelene noSherlock Holmes, uchaze ngokuningiliziwe izindlela eziningi zokubamba abaphula umthetho, ezabe sezamukelwa abaphenyi baseBrithani. Isibonelo, amaphoyisa aqala ukunaka izinqa zikagwayi, umlotha we-cigar, nokusebenzisa ingilazi yokukhulisa lapho ehlola izigcawu zobugebengu.
18. UGeorge Byron waba ngukhokho wohlobo olunje - - "ubugovu obumnyama."
19. I-American Library of Congress iyilabhulali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Iqukethe imibhalo yasendulo kanye nemisebenzi yezincwadi. Namuhla, cishe izincwajana eziyizigidi eziyi-14.5 nezincwajana, amaphepha ayi-132,000 amaphephandaba ahlanganisiwe, izingcezu eziyizigidi eziyi-3.3 zezikolo, njll.
20. Umbhali waseCuba uJulian del Casal wabulawa wukuhleka. Ngelinye ilanga ngesikhathi sokudla kwakusihlwa, omunye wabangani bakhe watshela i-anecdote eyenza imbongi yahleka ngokungalawuleki. Lokhu kwaholela ekuhlukaniseni i-aortic, ukopha ngaphakathi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa okusheshayo.
21. Ubuwazi ukuthi uByron noLermontov babeyizihlobo ezikude zomunye nomunye?
22. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, uFranz Kafka washicilela imisebenzi embalwa kuphela. Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokushona kwakhe, wayalela umngani wakhe uMax Brod ukuthi aqede wonke umsebenzi wakhe. Kodwa-ke, uMax akazange ayithobele incwadi yomngani wakhe futhi wathumela imisebenzi yakhe endlini yokuphrinta. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, uKafka waba yindoda yezincwadi edumile emhlabeni.
23. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le noveli edumile kaRay Bradbury "Fahrenheit 451" yashicilelwa okokuqala ngqa ezingxenyeni ezithile zomagazini bokuqala bePlayboy.
24. U-Ian Fleming, owadala uJames Bond, wayengeyena nje umuntu wezincwadi kuphela, kodwa futhi wayengudokotela wezilwane. Yingakho uJames Bond, umbhali we-Bird of the West Indies umhlahlandlela we-ornithological, anikeze igama lempimpi ethandwa kakhulu esikhathini sethu.
25. Mhlawumbe iphephandaba eligunyazwe kakhulu emhlabeni yiThe New York Times. Ngezinsuku zamasonto, iphephandaba lisakazwa cishe ngamakhophi ayisigidi esingu-1.1, kanti ngaphezulu kwezigidi eziyi-1.6 ngezimpelasonto.
26. Ubuwazi ukuthi uMark Twain wawela i-Atlantic Ocean izikhathi ezingama-29? Eminyakeni yokuphila kwakhe, washicilela izincwadi ezingama-30 nezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka-50 000.
27. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uMark Twain ofanayo wayekhetha ukugqoka amasudi amhlophe kuphela, kanye nesigqoko esimhlophe njengeqhwa namasokisi abomvu.
28. Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, ososayensi baseMelika bazamile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ubudlelwane phakathi kokufunda izincwadi nesikhathi sokuphila. Ngenxa yalokhu, bekukwazi ukusungulwa ukuthi abantu abafunda baphila ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka emi-2 ngaphezulu kwalabo abafunda kancane noma abangafundi nhlobo.
29. I-Argumenty i Fakty, eshicilelwe kusukela ngo-1978, iphephandaba elikhulu kunawo wonke eRussia elinamakhophi angaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa. Ngo-1990, leli phephandaba langena eGuinness Book of Records ngokusakazwa okukhulu kunakho konke emlandweni womhlaba - amakhophi angama-33 441 100. enabafundi abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100!
30. INkosana Encane ingumsebenzi owaziwa kakhulu futhi uhunyushwe ngesiFulentshi. Le ncwadi ihunyushelwe ezilimini nasezilimini ezingama-250, okufaka ne-Braille yabangaboni.
31. Kuvela ukuthi hhayi u-Arthur Conan Doyle kuphela owabhala ngoSherlock Holmes. Ngemuva kwakhe, amakhulu abanye ababhali baqhubeka nokubhala ngalo mseshi odume kakhulu, kubandakanya u-Isaac Asimov, uMark Twain, uStephen King, uBoris Akunin nabanye abaningi.
32. UBaron Munchausen ungumuntu ongokomlando impela. Ebusheni bakhe, wasuka eJalimane waya eRussia, lapho aqala khona ukusebenza njengekhasi, wabe esesukuma waba ngukaputeni. Ebuyela ezweni lakubo, waqala ukukhuluma izindaba ezingavamile ngokuhlala kwakhe eRussia: isibonelo, engena eSt. Petersburg ngempisi.
33. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule yokuphila kwakhe, umbhali uSergei Dovlatov wayegwema ngamabomu imisho ngamagama aqala ngohlamvu olulodwa. Ngale ndlela, wazama ukuzivikela enkulumweni eyize nokuzijwayeza ukuyala.
34. UD'Artagnan ovela ku- "The Three Musketeers", eyabhalwa nguDumas ubaba (bheka amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngoDumas), wayengumuntu wangempela ogama lakhe linguCharles de Butz de Castelmore.
35. Eminyakeni eyi-14 ngaphambi kwenhlekelele eyaduma kabi iTitanic, uMorgan Robertson washicilela indaba eyayinomkhumbi obizwa ngeTitan, ofana nobukhulu bangempela beTitanic, nayo eshayisane neqhwa, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho iningi labagibeli lashona.
36. Ngenkathi uBernard Shaw ebuzwa ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi ezi-5 angathanda ukuya nazo esiqhingini esisehlane, waphendula ngokuthi uzothatha izincwadi ezi-5 ezinamashidi angenalutho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngonyaka we-1974 umqondo wombhali wawuhlanganiswa nendlu eyodwa yokushicilela yaseMelika, njengoba yayishicilele incwadi ebizwa nge "The Book of Nothing" enamakhasi ayi-192 angenalutho. Njengoba kwenzeka, le ncwadi yathola ukuthandwa futhi yanyatheliswa kaningi.
37. Uchungechunge lwemisebenzi yezincwadi ngoHarry Potter, uJK Rowling, lwanyatheliswa kuphela ngo-1995, eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kokubhalwa komsebenzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi alikho nelilodwa ihhovisi lokuhlela elalifuna ukushicilela le ncwadi, ngoba, ngokombono wabo, lalizokwehluleka.
38. Umculi nembongi yaseBrithani uDante Rossetti wangcwaba unkosikazi wakhe ngo-1862, ebeka imisebenzi yakhe engashicilelwanga ebhokisini lakhe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umlobi wathenjiswa ukushicilela izinkondlo zakhe, kodwa kwaba nzima kuye ukuzala kabusha ngenkumbulo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umlobi kwakumele akhiphe unkosikazi wakhe ongasekho ukuze athole imibhalo yesandla.
39. Ngokwezibalo ze-UNESCO, uJules Verne ungumbhali "ohunyushwe kakhulu" emlandweni wezincwadi. Umsebenzi wakhe uhunyushwe futhi wakhishwa ngezilimi eziyi-148.
40. UJames Barry, owasungula uPeter Pan, umfana ongakhuli, wasungula umlingiswa wakhe ngesizathu. Ube esezinikela kumfowabo, owadlula emhlabeni esemncane.

Bukela ividiyo: લલ પળ વરયળ ન મઘર. ફગણય ગલલ. Timli Gujarati Song (Novemba 2024).