Abantu baseYurophu bajwayelana kakhulu nama-koala eminyakeni engama-200 eyedlule, kepha ngalesi sikhathi isidalwa esihle esinezimpondo asiphathanga nje kuphela isilwane esidume kunazo zonke e-Australia, sidlula ngisho ne-kangaroo, kodwa futhi esinye sezilwane ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Wonke umuntu okungenani kanye, kepha wathintwa yilesi sidalwa esifana nebhere elincane elinezindlebe zikaCheburashka nokubukeka okunelukuluku.
Ngokwemvelo, ama-koala ahlala e-Australia kuphela, futhi ema-zoo lapho egxila kahle khona, ayizinkanyezi zangempela hhayi nje ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo, kodwa futhi nangenxa yokuhamba kwawo okuxakile futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngokungahambi kahle. Uma kukhona ama-koala e-zoo, ungabikezela ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthi inani elikhulu kakhulu lezivakashi, ikakhulukazi ezincane, lizoba seduze nendawo ebiyelwe kuyo.
Ukubukeka kwama-koala kuyakhohlisa: isilwane esithukuthele ngokufutheka siyakwazi ukuhlasela umuntu. Ake sizame ukwethula amaqiniso ambalwa ngalezi zilwane ezithokozisayo.
1. AbaseYurophu bahlangana okokuqala nama-koalas ngo-1798. Omunye wabasebenzi bakaphethe wombusi wekoloni laseNew South Wales, uJohn Price, ubike ukuthi eBlue Mountains (atholakala eningizimu mpumalanga ye-Australia) kuhlala isilwane esifana nesibeletho, kepha asihlali emigodini, kodwa sihlala ezihlahleni. Eminyakeni emine kamuva, kwatholakala izinsalela ze-koala, kwathi ngoJulayi 1803, iSydney Gazette yashicilela incazelo yesifanekiso esibukhoma esisanda kubanjwa. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ama-koala awabonwanga ngamalungu ohambo lukaJames Cook ngo-1770. Uhambo lukaCook lwaluhlukaniswa nokunakekelwa okukhethekile, kodwa ngokusobala indlela yokuphila yodwa yama-koala yawavimbela ekutholeni lokho okutholakele.
2. AmaKoala awawona amabhere, yize ecishe afane nawo. Kwakungekhona nje ukubukeka kwesilwane esihlekisayo okwaba nomthelela ekudidekeni. Abahlali bokuqala baseBrithani e-Australia babiza lesi silwane ngokuthi "ibhere laseKoala" - "ibhere laseKoala". Kusukela kumuntu owayekade eyiziboshwa nomphakathi waseBrithani osezingeni eliphansi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, kwakunzima ukulindela ukufunda okuvamile, ingasaphathwa eyokuphila. Yebo, futhi ososayensi bafinyelela esivumelwaneni nge-koala yesigaba se-marsupial kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo. Vele, empilweni yansuku zonke, inhlanganisela ethi "Koala bear" izocacela iningi labantu.
3. I-Koala iyinhlobo ethile ethize ngokuya ngezigaba zebhayoloji. Izihlobo eziseduze zabakhileyo behlathi lamahlathi e-eucalyptus zingama-wombat, kepha futhi zikude kakhulu ne-koala ngokwendlela yokuphila nangokwezinto eziphilayo.
4. Ngaphandle kweziqiwi kanye nama-zoo, ama-koala ahlala e-Australia kuphela, futhi agudle ugu lwawo olusempumalanga neziqhingi eziseduze. Esibonelweni se-koala, kubonakala ngokusobala ukuthi abantu base-Australia abafundiswa neze ngesipiliyoni esibi sokuhlakazeka kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuleli zwekazi. Sebezishisile ngezintshe, onogwaja ngisho nasemakati, ngekhulu lama-20 ngentshiseko baqala ukulungisa ama-koalas. futhi azange zibuyise kuphela inani lala ma-marsupial eSouth Australia ayesenciphile ngenxa yokuqedwa kwamahlathi. Le koal yathuthelwa eYanchepe National Park naseziqhingini eziningi ezisogwini olusenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. I-geography yama-koalas ikhule yaya ku-1,000,000 km2, kodwa singathemba kuphela ukuthi ukwehlisa kanye nesimo esihle sama-koala kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezilandelayo zemvelo. Yize besesiqhingini saseKangaroo, lapho ama-koala alethwa khona ngenkani, inani lawo lafika ku-30,000, okwedlula ngokusobala umthamo wokutholakala kokudla. Isiphakamiso sokudubula u-2/3 wabantu sachithwa njengokonakalisa isithombe sezwe.
5. Ubude obukhulu bomzimba we-koala ngu-85 cm, isisindo esiphezulu ngu-55 kg. Uboya buyahluka ngokuya ngendawo okuhlala kuyo - imibala yayo isukela esiliva elisenyakatho kuya konsundu emnyama eningizimu. Ukubalwa okunjalo kuphakamisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zihlala enyakatho naseningizimu, kepha lokhu kucabanga akukaze kufakazelwe.
6. Ukudla kwama-koala kuhlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe kuphela ukudla kwezitshalo. Izimila zigayeka kancane futhi zingagayeki kahle, okuphoqa isilwane ukuthi sinikele cishe usuku lonke ekudleni. Ukudla kwama-koala kuqukethe amaqabunga e-eucalyptus kuphela, anobuthi kuzo zonke ezinye izilwane. Ziqukethe i-terpene ne-phenolic compounds, futhi amahlumela amancane nawo acebile nge-hydrocyanic acid. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ama-koala amunca kanjani ingxube yesihogo samashumi amakhilogremu (500 g - 1 kg ngosuku) ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo. Ngemuva kwezifundo zofuzo, kwavela ukuthi kuzakhi zofuzo zalezi zilwane kunezakhi zofuzo ezikhethekile ezibhekele ngqo ukuhlukaniswa kobuthi. Lezi zifundo ezifanayo zikhombisile ukuthi izilimi ze-koala zinamahlumela wokunambitha ayingqayizivele angahlola masinyane umswakama weqabunga likagamthilini - okuyisici esiyinhloko sokumunca kwawo. Eqinisweni, ngokukhotha kancane iqabunga, i-koala isivele iyazi ukuthi iyadliwa yini. Futhi nokho, nangamakhono anjalo ahlukile, i-koala inamahora okungenani angama-20 ngosuku lokudla kanye nokugayeka kokudla okulandelayo ephusheni.
7. Ukuthi i-koala ilala kakhulu futhi ingahlala esihlahleni esisodwa izinsuku akusho nakancane ukuthi amandla ezimoto alesi silwane anciphile. AmaKoala avele angabi nayo indawo yokuphuthuma. Ngokwemvelo, izitha zabo kuthiwa yiDingo, kepha ukuze kuhlaselwe kuyadingeka ukuthi i-marsupial iphumele endaweni evulekile, futhi inja isondela kuyo - i-koala ingasheshisa kalula iye ku-50 km / h ebangeni elifushane. Ngesikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana, abesilisa bangahlela i-duel enegazi, lapho bezobonisa khona ubukhali nokushesha kokuphendula, kulokhu, ngaphansi kwengalo, noma kunalokho, ngaphansi kwezinzipho ezinde ezibukhali, kungcono ukungazitheli kumuntu. Futhi, ama-koala agxuma ngokweqile esuka esihlahleni aye esihlahleni futhi aze azi nokubhukuda. Yebo, ikhono lazo lokugibela iziqu namagatsha futhi zilenge ngisho nasesidladleni esisodwa isikhathi eside sekuyisikhathi esivelele kulezi zilwane ezinhle.
8. Izihlobo nezinambuzane ziyingozi kakhulu kunezitha zangaphandle zama-koala. Ama-koala amaningi asemancane afa ngokulwa nabantu abanolwazi oluningi noma ngenxa yokuwa ezihlahleni (futhi kuyenzeka - inani elikhulu loketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal kugebhezi luvame ukuchazwa ngesidingo sokunciphisa ukuxubana lapho uwe kusuka phezulu). Ama-koala amaningi anezifo ezibangela i-conjunctivitis, cystitis, sinusitis, nezinye izifo. Ngisho noma ukwehla okuncane okushisa isikhathi eside, ama-koala angathola i-pneumonia ebangelwa ikhala eligobayo. AmaKoala aze abe nozakwabo wengculaza, igciwane lengculaza le-koala.
9. Isisindo sobuchopho singu-0.2% kuphela wesisindo esiphelele sama-koala. Ukuvubukula, nosayizi wamanje wamakhakhayi abo, kukhombisa ukuthi ubuchopho bamadlozi alezi zilwane babukhulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokwenziwa lula kokudla nokunyamalala kwezitha, ubukhulu bayo baba ngokweqile. Manje cishe uhhafu womthamo wangaphakathi wogebhezi lwe-koala usetshenziswa yi-cerebrospinal fluid.
10. AmaKoala azala cishe ngejubane elilingana neliphilayo. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwabo, okuhlala kuphela iminyaka eyi-12-13. Ngasikhathi sinye, abesifazane bakhwelana kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-1 - 2, kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuthwala amawundlu amabili, imvamisa eyodwa. Abesilisa bababiza ngemfihlo enuka kamnandi yezindlala kanye nokukhala okuyisici. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, izinyane lizalwa lincane kakhulu (linesisindo esingaphezudlwana kwama-5 amagremu) kanti ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala lihlala esikhwameni sikamama. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezizayo, naye akaphumi kunina, kepha usevele ngaphandle kwesikhwama, ubambelele eboyeni. Lapho izingane zinonyaka owodwa, ekugcineni zikwazi ukuzimela. ngasikhathi sinye, abesifazane bayahamba bayofuna indawo yabo, kuthi abesilisa bangahlala nonina iminyaka embalwa.
11. Ama-koala wesilisa anezintambo ezihlukile zezwi eziwavumela ukuba enze imisindo ephezulu yamathoni ahlukahlukene. Njengabantu, izwi likhula ngokukhula. Izinsizwa ezisencane, ezethukile noma ezilimele, zikhipha imisindo efana naleyo yezingane ezingabantu. Ukukhala kowesilisa ovuthiwe ngokocansi kunesimo esiphansi futhi kufundisa kakhulu. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhala kwe-koala kungabethusa abancintisana nabo futhi kuhehe abesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithoni yokukhala iqukethe imininingwane (imvamisa ihaba) ngosayizi womuntu ngamunye.
12. AmaKoala asindile ekubulaweni kwawo uqobo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, badutshulwe izigidi, ngakho-ke uboya obukhulu obukhulu obukhulu baziswa. Ukuzingela kwavinjelwa ngo-1927, kodwa abantu ababange besalulama. Kamuva, kwahlelwa amapaki amaningi e-koala ngisho nesibhedlela esikhethekile e-Australia. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi ngabantu nemililo yehlathi, inani lama-koala lihlala lincipha njalo.
13. Ubunikazi obuyimfihlo bama-koala abukho emthethweni emhlabeni wonke, yize kungahle kube nohlobo oluthile lokuhweba ngomshoshaphansi - isithelo esenqatshelwe sihlale simnandi. Kepha ukuze ubone la ma-marsupials, akudingeki nakancane ukuthi undize uye e-Australia - kunama-koala ezindaweni eziningi zokugcina izilwane zasolwandle emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokudla okunomsoco nokunakekelwa ekuthunjweni, baphila isikhathi eside ukwedlula isikhathi abaphila ngaso uma bekhululekile, futhi bangaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle kwezinga labo eliphansi lobuhlakani, bakhombisa uthando oluthinta izisebenzi, ukuzijabulisa noma ukungabi nalutho njengezingane ezincane.
14. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, i-kangaroo njengophawu lwesilwane e-Australia yeqa i-kangaroo. Ngo-1975, ucwaningo lwabavakashi baseYurophu nabaseJapane abangena kuleli zwekazi lwabonisa ukuthi izivakashi ezingama-75% zingathanda ukubona ama-koala kuqala. Imali etholakala ngokuvakashela emapaki naseziqiwini ezinama-koalas yabe ilinganiselwa ku- $ 1 billion. Isithombe se-koala sisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezokukhangisa, ebhizinisini lokubonisa nakulogo emhlabeni jikelele. AmaKoala abalingiswa kumafilimu amaningi, izinhlelo zethelevishini, opopayi nemidlalo yekhompyutha.
15. I-Australia inohlelo oluzinikele lokuTakula Izilwane Zasendle. Ngezikhathi ezithile, abasebenzi bayo kufanele basize izilwane ezibanjwe ezimweni eziyingozi noma ezenzekile. NgoJulayi 19, 2018, abasebenzi bahambela isiteshi sikagesi i-SA Power Networks 'i-Happy Valley eSouth Australia. IKoala ibhajwe ocingweni lwe-aluminium, lapho ingakhasa kalula ngaphansi kwayo. Abatakuli basikhulule kalula lesi silwane, esiziphathe ngokumangazayo ngokuzola. Lokhu kuzola kuchazwe kalula - i-marsupial ngeshwa yayivele isebenzelane nabantu. Ezidladleni zakhe kwakukhona ithegi ethi i-koala isivele isindisiwe ngemuva kokushayiswa yimoto.
