Omunye wemifula edume kakhulu eChina nguMfula Ophuzi, kepha nanamuhla ukugeleza kwawo okuyisiphithiphithi kunzima ukuwulawula. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, isimo samanje sishintshile kaningana, sidalwa yizikhukhula ezinkulu, kanye nezinqumo zamasu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamasosha. Kepha, yize kunezinhlekelele eziningi ezihlotshaniswa noMfula Ophuzi, izakhamizi zase-Asia ziyayihlonipha futhi zakha izinganekwane ezimangazayo.
Imininingwane yezwe yoMfula Ophuzi
Umfula wesibili ngobukhulu eChina uqhamuka ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayi-4,5 eThebetan Plateau. Ubude bayo bungu-5464 km, futhi ukuqondiswa kwamanje ikakhulukazi kusuka entshonalanga kuye empumalanga. Ichibi lilinganiselwa cishe kumamitha skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-752. km, noma iyahluka ngokuya ngesizini, kanye nohlobo lokuhamba okuhambisana nezinguquko esiteshini. Umlomo womfula wenza i-delta oLwandle Oluphuzi. Kulabo abangazi ukuthi yiluphi ichibi lolwandle olukulo, kufanele ukuthi bathi lingelePacific.
Umfula uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu. Kuyiqiniso, ayikho imingcele ecacile ehlukanisiwe, ngoba abacwaningi abahlukahlukene bahlongoza ukuyibeka ngokwemigomo yabo. Umthombo ungukuqala koMfula oPhezulu endaweni lapho kutholakala khona iBayan-Khara-Ula. Ensimini yeLoess Plateau, uMfula Ophuzi wakha ukugoba: le ndawo ithathwa njengeyomile, ngoba ayikho imifudlana.
Okwamanje okuphakathi kwehlela ezingeni eliphansi phakathi kweShaanxi ne-Ordos. Izindawo ezingezansi zitholakala esigodini seGreat China Plain, lapho umfula ungasenasiyaluyalu njengakwezinye izindawo. Sekuvele kushiwo ukuthi yiluphi ulwandle lapho umfudlana onodaka ugelezela khona, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi izinhlayiya ze-loess zinikeza ukuphuphuka hhayi kuMfula Ophuzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nase-Pacific Ocean basin.
Ukwakhiwa kwamagama nokuhumusha
Abaningi banesithakazelo ekutheni igama loMfula Ophuzi lihunyushwa kanjani, ngoba lo mfula ongalindelekile unelukuluku lokwazi umthunzi wawo wamanzi. Ngakho-ke igama elingavamile, elisho ukuthi "uMfula Ophuzi" ngesiShayina. Isikhathi samanje esisheshayo sigugula iLoess Plateau, sidala ukuthi inhlabathi ingene emanzini bese iyinika umbala ophuzi, ongabonakala kahle esithombeni. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungani umfula namanzi akha umcengezi woLwandle Oluphuzi avela ephuzi. Izakhamizi zesifundazwe saseQinghai ezindaweni eziphezulu zomfula azibizi uMfula Ophuzi ngokuthi "Peacock River", kepha kule ndawo izidumbu azikanikezi udaka olunodaka.
Kukhona okunye ukukhuluma ngendlela abantu baseChina abawubiza ngayo lo mfula. Ekuhumusheni koMfula Ophuzi, kunikezwa ukuqhathanisa okungavamile - "usizi lwamadodana e-khan." Kodwa-ke, akumangazi ukuthi ukusakaza okungalindelekile kwaqala ukubizwa kanjalo, ngoba kwathatha izimpilo eziyizigidi ezikhathini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezikhukhula ezivamile kanye noshintsho olukhulu esiteshini.
Sincoma ukufunda ngeHalong Bay.
Incazelo yenhloso yomfula
Abantu base-Asia bahlale behlala eduze noMfula oPhuzi futhi bayaqhubeka nokwakha amadolobha esizalweni sawo, yize kunezikhukhula eziningi. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izinhlekelele zazingeyona nje eyemvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi zazibangelwa abantu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamasosha. Imininingwane elandelayo ikhona mayelana noMfula Ophuzi eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule:
- umbhede womfula uguqulwe cishe izikhathi ezingama-26, eziyi-9 zazo zibhekwa njengezinguquko ezinkulu;
- kube nezikhukhula ezingaphezu kuka-1 500;
- esinye sezikhukhula ezinkulu sabangela ukunyamalala kobukhosi bakwaXin ngo-11;
- Izikhukhula eziningi zabangela indlala nezifo eziningi.
Namuhla, abantu bezwe bafundile ukubhekana nokuziphatha koMfula Ophuzi. Ebusika, amabhlogo afriziwe emthonjeni aqhunyisiwe. Kunamadamu afakwe kuso sonke isiteshi, alawula izinga lamanzi kuye ngesizini. Ezindaweni lapho umfula ugeleza khona ngesivinini esiphezulu, kufakwe izikhungo zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi, indlela yazo yokusebenza ilawulwa ngokucophelela. Futhi, ukusetshenziswa komuntu kwengcebo yemvelo kuhlose ukunisela amasimu nokunikeza amanzi okuphuza.
