INtaba i-Ararat ayiyona ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa ibhekwa njengengxenye yomlando weBhayibheli, ngakho-ke wonke umKristu uzwile ngale ndawo njengendawo yokuphephela yomuntu ngemuva kukazamcolo omkhulu. Namuhla cishe wonke umuntu angakhuphuka enye yezintaba zentaba-mlilo, kepha ukunqoba izinguzunga zeqhwa kuzodinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kanye nabaphelezelwa abanolwazi. Yonke le ndawo cishe ayihlali muntu, yize ivundile futhi inhle.
Izici zomhlaba zeNtaba i-Ararati
Abaningi bezwile ngentaba, kepha hhayi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ikuphi i- stratovolcano. Ngenxa yokuthi eYerevan kubhekwa njengophawu oluyinhloko lwezwe, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lisendaweni yase-Armenia. Eqinisweni, i-Ararati iyingxenye yeTurkey, izixhumanisi zayo: 39 ° 42'09 ″ s. sh., 44 ° 18'01 ″ ngaphakathi. e. Kule datha, ungabheka ekubukweni kwesathelayithi, uthatha isithombe se-volcano edumile.
Isesimweni, intaba-mlilo inezigaxa ezimbili ezisikiwe (Ezinkulu Nezincane), ezihluke kancane kumapharamitha wazo. Ibanga phakathi kwezikhungo zemigodi lingama-11 km. Ukuphakama ngaphezu kogu lolwandle lwengqungquthela enkulu kungama-5165 m, kanti incane - 3896 m. Isisekelo sezintaba yi-basalt, yize cishe yonke indawo imbozwe udaka lwentaba-mlilo oluqinile, futhi iziqongo ziboshwe izinguzunga zeqhwa. Naphezu kokuthi uhla lwezintaba lunezinguzunga zeqhwa ezingama-30, i-Ararat ingenye yezintaba ezimbalwa zezintaba okungekho mfula owodwa ovela endaweni yazo.
Umlando wokuqhuma kwe-stratovolcano
Ngokusho kososayensi, umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo waqala ukuzibonakalisa enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC. Ubufakazi balokhu izinsalela zemizimba yabantu ezitholakale ngesikhathi kumbiwa, kanye nezinto zasendlini ezisukela eBronze Age.
Kusukela ukubalwa phansi okusha, ukuqhuma okuqine kakhulu kwenzeka ngoJulayi 1840. Ukuqhuma kwakuhambisana nokuzamazama komhlaba, okwagcina kubangele ukubhujiswa komuzi osentabeni i-Ararat, kanye nesigodlo sezindela sase-St.
I-Geopolitics endaweni yentaba
INtaba i-Ararati, ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo ngokwenkolo, ibilokhu iyisici sezimangalo zezifunda eziningana ezisendaweni eseduze nayo. Ngalesi sizathu, kuphakama imibuzo ngokuthi ngubani ophethe le nsimu nokuthi kuliphi izwe okungcono ukuchitha iholide ukuze ukhuphukele phezulu.
Phakathi kwekhulu le-16 nele-18, umngcele ophakathi kwePheresiya noMbuso Wase-Ottoman wadabula intaba-mlilo edumile, futhi izimpi eziningi zazihlotshaniswa nesifiso sokuthola indawo engcwele yezenkolo. Ngo-1828, isimo sashintsha ngemuva kokusayinwa kweSivumelwano SaseTurkmanchay. Ngaphansi kwemibandela yayo, iGreat Ararat evela ohlangothini olusenyakatho yadlula ngaphansi koMbuso WaseRussia, kwathi enye intaba-mlilo yahlukaniselwa amazwe amathathu. KuNicholas I, ukuba nale ngqungquthela kwakubaluleke kakhulu kwezepolitiki, ngoba kwaveza inhlonipho kubaphikisi abadala.
Ngo-1921, kwavela isivumelwano esisha sobungani, ngokusho ukuthi iyiphi indawo yaseRussia eyanikezwa iTurkey. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, isivumelwano nePheresiya saqala ukusebenza. Ngokusho kwakhe, iSmart Ararat, kanye nomthambeka osempumalanga, baba yifa laseTurkey. Ngalesi sizathu, uma ufuna ukunqoba ukuphakama okuphezulu, kuzodingeka uthole imvume kuziphathimandla zaseTurkey.
Ukubuka okujwayelekile kokukhanga kwemvelo kungenziwa kunoma yiliphi izwe, ngoba akunandaba nhlobo kusuka eTurkey noma e-Armenia, izithombe ze-volcano zithathwa, ngoba zombili zinikeza imibono emangalisa. Akukona ngaphandle kwesizathu ukuthi kusekhona izinkulumo e-Armenia mayelana nentaba kabani nokuthi yini i-Ararat okufanele idlule kuyo, ngoba iluphawu oluyinhloko lombuso.
I-Ararat eBhayibhelini
Le ntaba yathola udumo olukhulu ngenxa yokuthi kukhulunywa ngayo eBhayibhelini. Umbhalo wobuKrestu uthi umkhumbi kaNowa wawubheke emazweni ase-Ararati. Yiqiniso, akukho datha enokwethenjelwa, kepha lapho kutadishwa incazelo yale ndawo, bekukholelwa ukuthi kwakungale ntaba-mlilo, abaseYurophu abayibiza kamuva ngokuthi i-Ararat. Lapho kuhunyushwa iBhayibheli lisuswa e-Armenia, kuvela elinye igama - Masis. Ngokwengxenye, lesi bekuyisizathu sokwabiwa kwegama elisha, eligxile kwezinye izizwe.
Enkolweni yobuKristu, kukhona nezinganekwane ngoSt. James, owacabanga ukuthi angafika kanjani phezulu ukuze akhulekele ithempeli elingcwele, futhi wenza nemizamo eminingi, kodwa yonke ayiphumelelanga. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka, wayehlala elele futhi evuka kakade ngonyawo. Kwelinye lamaphupho akhe, ingelosi yaphendukela kuJakobe, owathi lokho okuphezulu akunakugwenywa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhuphuka, kepha ngokwesifiso sakhe usanta uzonikezwa isipho - inhlayiya yomkhumbi.
Izinganekwane ze-Volcano
Ngenxa yokuthi iseduze kwamazwe amaningana, iNtaba i-Ararat iyingxenye yezinganekwane nezinsumansumane zabantu abahlukahlukene. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iqhwa elincibilikisiwe elikhishwe phezulu lizosiza ukubiza i-tetagush, inyoni eyisimangaliso, ebhekana nokuhlaselwa yisikhonyane. Kuliqiniso, akekho noyedwa owaba nesibindi sokufika kulezi zinguzunga zeqhwa, ngoba intaba-mlilo ibilokhu ibhekwa njengendawo engcwele, phezulu kwayo bekungavunyelwe.
Sincoma ukufunda ngeNtaba iRushmore.
E-Armenia, intaba-mlilo ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nendawo yezinyoka nezithombe zamatshe ezingokomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindaba ezahlukahlukene zibalisa ukuthi izidalwa ezimbi ziboshwe ngaphakathi kwezigaxa, ezikwazi ukubhubhisa umhlaba uma i-Ararat iyeka ukuzifihla esintwini. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi kunezithombe ezahlukahlukene ezibonisa intaba nezakhamizi zayo, uphawu luvame ukutholakala kwezobuciko nakwezinyunithi zezimali nezifanekiselo.
Ukuthuthuka kwentaba ngumuntu
Baqala ukukhuphuka iBig Ararat kusukela ngo-1829, lapho le ndawo idluliselwa ezintweni zaseRussia. Lo mkhankaso ubuhanjelwe abantu abaningana, kufaka phakathi abase-Armenia, abebengaze bacabange ukuthi kungenzeka ukukhuphuka kusuka onyaweni uye phezulu. Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi mangaki amamitha obekungakwazanga ukufinyelela kuwo ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka kokuqala, ngoba abantu abaningi bebesaba ukuvuma ukuthi isiqongo empeleni besingafinyelelwa ngabantu. Le mfihlo yentaba yagcinwa amashumi eminyaka, ngoba cishe bonke abantu base-Armenia babeqinisekile ukuthi nguNowa kuphela owabeka unyawo phezulu.
Ngemuva kokuqala kokunqotshwa kwe-Ararat, kwavela imiphefumulo enjalo enesibindi eyazama ukuphikisana nemithambeka yodwa. Owokuqala ukuvuka engahambisani noJames Bryce, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi i-feat yakhe yaphindwa kaningi. Manje noma ngubani angakwazi ukuhamba emithambekeni yentaba-mlilo aze akhuphukele phezulu kakhulu.
