Ithempeli laseZulwini, elakhiwe eBeijing, liheha ukunakwa minyaka yonke ngesimo salo esiyindilinga, ngoba ukuphela kwesakhiwo salo hlobo enhlokodolobha yasePeople's Republic of China. Ekuqaleni, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi isakhiwo sizonikezelwa ezintweni ezimbili: izulu nomhlaba, kepha ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwethempeli elihlukile, elokuqala laqanjwa ngegama lomoya ngenxa yesimo salo esingokomfanekiso.
Umlando wethempeli laseZulwini
Ngo-1403, lapho indawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini isuswa eNanjing yaya eBeijing, uZhu Di wanquma ukwakhiwa okukhulu esikhungweni esisha soMbuso ophakathi. Isimo sedolobha sasiyisiqalo sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziningi eziyinqaba ukuthuthukisa indawo nokugcina amasiko abalulekile ezweni. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kwavela khona isu lethempeli lezulu nomhlaba, lapho baqala khona ukuqhuba imithandazo yokuchuma kombuso waseChina.
Ukwakhiwa kweTiantan kwaqedwa ngo-1420. Ngemuva kwalokho ibisabekelwe zombili lezi zinto futhi yiminyaka eyi-110 kuphela kamuva eyathola igama layo lamanje. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukubukeka kwangempela kwethempeli kwakushintshiwe, njengoba kwakungezwa i-Altar of Heaven neHholo lombuso we-Imperial. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwavela izithombe ezinamagama ababusi base China, kanye neWall of Whispers emangalisayo. Idizayini engajwayelekile ikhombisa noma imiphi imisindo, kufaka phakathi ukuhleba, futhi inyuse nomthamo wazo.
Ngo-1752, uTsanlong wayala ukuba kuguqulwe i-Imperial Firmament Hall, ikulethe njengamanje. IHarvest Prayer Hall yalimala kanzima ngo-1889 ngomlilo owaqubuka. Le ngxenye yethempeli yashaywa umbani, yingakho ihholo elibalulekile lavalwa iminyaka eminingana laze labuyiselwa ngokuphelele.
Ngo-1860, iThempeli laseZulwini lathunjwa ngamasosha ezitha ngesikhathi seMpi Ye-Opium. Ngo-1900, lesi sakhiwo saba yisikhungo somyalo ezifundazweni eziyisishiyagalombili ezahlasela iBeijing. Yonke le micimbi ilethe ukubhujiswa nokubola kuphela endaweni edumile ezweni lonke, ngenxa yalokho kwathatha iminyaka ukubuyisela ngokuphelele isakhiwo ekubukekeni kwaso kwangempela.
UMongameli Yuan Shikai wazama ukuvuselela imithandazo ethempelini ngo-1914, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emine kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi isakhiwo senziwe indawo yomphakathi. Ngo-1988, iTiantan yafakwa ohlwini lwamaGugu Omhlaba.
Isiko lendabuko lesivuno esihle
E-China, bekukholelwa njalo ukuthi umbusi unezimpande zaphezulu, ngakho-ke nguye kuphela ongacela onkulunkulu ngezicelo zokuchuma kombuso. Okwezwe, ukuvuna bekulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kabili ngonyaka, umbusi waya ethempelini laseZulwini waphakamisa izandla zakhe ukuze izinto zemvelo ziqhubeke njengenjwayelo, futhi izinhlekelele zemvelo zingathinti umhlaba waseChina.
Ukuze umcimbi wenziwe kahle, umbusi kwakudingeka azile ukudla izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kwenyama ekudleni. Waya ethempelini egqoke izingubo ezikhethekile, wapenda wahlanza okokuqala, wabe esethandaza uqobo. Ngokwemithetho, izakhamizi zezwe bezingakwazi ukubuka udwendwe lombusi oluya ethempelini ukuyokwenza lo mcimbi, futhi ziphinde zibe khona ngaphakathi endlini engcwele. Ngesikhathi somkhosi, wonke umuntu wayelinde izimpawu nezimpawu zemvelo, abazithatha ukuze baphendule onkulunkulu ezicelweni zombusi, babikezela isivuno esihle noma esibi.
Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli lasePeking
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, iTiantan isesimweni sendilinga, efanekisela isibhakabhaka. Yonke inkimbinkimbi enezingadi ezihlanganisiwe isatshalaliswa endaweni enendawo ephelele engaba ngu-3 sq. km. Ungangena lapha nganoma yiliphi lamasango amane atholakala ekukhanyeni kokukhanya. Izakhiwo ezibalulekile nezithakazelisayo zethempeli yiHholo Lomkhuleko Lokuvuna kanye ne-Imperial Firmament, kanye ne-Altar of Heaven.
Lawa makamelo axhunywe yiDanbi Bridge, ubude bawo bungamamitha ayi-360 nobubanzi bungu-30. Lo mhubhe uwuphawu lokukhuphuka emhlabeni usiya ezulwini, oludlala indima ebalulekile ekuboneni kwendabuko kwezibonakaliso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi zivame ukuvakashela amaTshe Ayisikhombisa Asezulwini, iLort Corridor, iGazebo Longevity, iThempeli Lokuzibamba, ingadi yezithelo nensimu yama-rose. Izithombe ezivela kulezi zindawo zinhle, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi bachitha isikhathi ensimini yendawo engcwele nsuku zonke.
Imininingwane ewusizo kubavakashi
Izivakashi zaseBeijing zinentshisekelo yokuthi ithempeli laseZulwini likuphi nokuthi ungafika kanjani kulo. Ungafika lapho nge-metro noma ngebhasi, ngenkathi inani elikhulu lemizila lizohanjiswa esangweni elilodwa noma kwelinye. Iningi lohambo luqala engxenyeni esentshonalanga.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ubheke iBandla leSingcwaba eliNgcwele.
Ungavakashela insimu nganoma yiluphi usuku, amahora okuvula: kusuka ku-8.00 kuye ku-18.00. Abantu abaningi banentshisekelo yokuthi ungafika kanjani ethempelini laseBeijing mahhala, kepha lokhu akukwazi ukwenziwa. Intengo yokungena ayiphakeme; ngenkathi ephumile incishiswe kakhulu. Abantu bendawo bakhetha ukuchitha isikhathi sabo sokuphumula lapha, ngakho-ke bangatholakala lapha bephumule emapaki, benza i-yoga, bedlala amakhadi.
