Yakuza - uhlobo lwendabuko lobugebengu obuhleliwe eJapane, iqembu elinesikhundla esiphambili emhlabeni wobugebengu bombuso.
Amalungu e-Yakuza aziwa nangokuthi i-gokudo. Emaphephandabeni omhlaba, i-yakuza noma amaqembu ayo ngamanye amaningi abizwa nge- "mafia waseJapan" noma "borekudan".
I-Yakuza igxila kumagugu omndeni wezinzalamizi, imigomo yokulalela umphathi ngokungenamibandela nokunamathela ngokuqinile kusethi yemithetho (ikhodi ye-mafia), yokwephula lapho kunesijeziso esinzima.
Leli qembu linomthelela empilweni yezomnotho neyepolitiki yezwe, inezici eziningi ezihlukile futhi ezihlukile.
Amaqiniso angama-30 athakazelisayo nge-yakuza
I-Yakuza ayinazo izindawo ezinethonya eliqinile futhi ayifuni ukufihla emphakathini isigaba sayo sangaphakathi noma ukwakheka kobuholi. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqembu amaningi anezimpawu ezisemthethweni nendlunkulu ebhalisiwe.
Ngokusho kwedatha engekho emthethweni, namuhla eJapane kunamalungu akhuthele angaba ngu-110 000 e-yakuza, ahlanganiswe ngamaqembu (imindeni) angu-2 500. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu ngalo mphakathi wezigebengu onzima futhi othokozisayo.
Ukuhlangana nezoni
IYakuza inezikhungo zokuphuza, ezibizwa ngama-Host / Hostess Club, lapho amakhasimende anethuba lokuxoxa nomninikhaya noma umphathi wehhostela aze aphuze nabo. Abanikazi bahlangana nezivakashi zeklabhu, bazenze bahlale ematafuleni bese banikela ngemenyu.
Futhi yize umsebenzi onjalo ubonakala ungenangozi ngokuphelele, empeleni konke kubukeka kwehlukile. Amantombazane aseJapan kwesinye isikhathi avakashela la makilabhu ukuze azizwe njengabantu abadala. Umnikazi ubakhuthaza ukuba ba-ode iziphuzo ezibiza kakhulu, kuthi uma sekuphele imali, amantombazane aphoqeleke ukuthi akhokhe izikweletu zawo ngokufeba.
Kepha okubi kakhulu, amaYakuza anohlelo lapho amantombazane anjalo ehlala ebugqilini bezocansi ingunaphakade.
Ukubamba iqhaza kwezepolitiki
AbakwaYakuza bangabasekeli nabaxhasi beLiberal Democratic Party yaseJapan, ebikhona kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Okhethweni luka-2012, i-LDP yasungula ukulawula uhulumeni okhona manje, yathola izihlalo ezingaba ngu-400 emakamelweni aphansi nangaphezulu.
Igazi Yakuza Impi Yombango
Enye yezimpi ezinkulu zakwaYakuza emlandweni yenzeke ngo-1985. Ngemuva kokushona kukapatriest-ubaba ka-Yamaguchi-gumi Kazuo Taoka, indawo yakhe yathathwa uKenichi Yamamoto, owayesejele ngaleso sikhathi. Okwajabulisa amaphoyisa ukuthi ushone esadonsa isigwebo sakhe. Amaphoyisa akhethe umholi omusha, kodwa indoda egama linguHiroshi Yamamoto wayephikisana nayo kakhulu.
Le ndoda yahlela iqembu lezigebengu i-Itiva-kai futhi yadubula umholi owayekhethiwe, okwadala impi. Ekupheleni kwempi, eyaqhubeka eminyakeni emi-4 eyalandela, kwase kufe abantu ababalelwa ku-40. Ukulwa okuchithe igazi phakathi kwe-yakuza nezikhulu zempi zayo ezingamahlongandlebe kwabukwa yiJapan lonke. Ngenxa yalokho, izihlubuki zavuma ukuthi zinqotshiwe futhi zacela umusa.
Izindlalifa ze-Samurai
I-yakuza inokufana okuningi nesigaba sama-samurai. Uhlelo lwakhe lwezikhundla luphinde lusekelwe ekulaleleni okungenakuphikiswa nokuhlonishwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufeza izinhloso zabo, amalungu eqembu, njengama-samurai, asebenzisa ubudlova.
Ukusoka
Njengomthetho, i-yakuza ibajezisa ngokunquma ingxenye yomunwe wabo omncane, bese kuthi leyo nto yethulwe kumphathi njengezaba zokungaziphathi kahle.
Imibono ehlukile
Emaphephandabeni omhlaba, ama-yakuza abizwa ngokuthi "borekudan", okuhumusha ngokuthi - "iqembu elinodlame." Amalungu eqembu athola leli gama licasula. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi bona ngokwabo bathanda ukuzibiza ngokuthi "uNinkyō dantai" - "inhlangano yama-knights."
Ingxenye yomphakathi
Abahlanganyeli baseYakuza babhekwa ngokusemthethweni njengezakhamizi ezigcwele zaseJapan ezikhokha intela futhi zinelungelo losizo lomphakathi, ngendlela yempesheni, njll. Amaphoyisa akholelwa ukuthi uma imisebenzi ye-yakuza ivinjelwe ngokuphelele, khona-ke lokhu kuzowaphoqa ukuba ahambe ngomshoshaphansi bese ezobe eyingozi enkulu kakhulu emphakathini.
Umsuka wegama
AbakwaYakuza bathola igama labo kubantu baseBakuto, ababengabagembuli abahambahambayo. Baphila kusukela ngekhulu le-18 kuya maphakathi nekhulu lama-20.
Ukusebenza e-USA
Namuhla ama-yakuza andise imisebenzi yawo eMelika. Amalungu eSumiyoshi-kai Syndicate asebenza namaqembu ezigelekeqe endawo ekubambeni inkunzi, ukuthengisa ngomzimba, ezezimali nobunye ubugebengu. Uhulumeni wase-US ubeke unswinyo kubaphathi be-4 baseYakuza abayingxenye yeqembu elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundazweni, i-Yamaguchi-gumi.
Imvelaphi yobugebengu
Kukholakala ukuthi i-yakuza yavela maphakathi nesikhathi se-Edo (1603-1868) evela emaqenjini amabili ahlukene - iTekiya (abathengisi) neBakuto (abadlali). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la maqembu aqala ukukhuphuka esigabeni sobugebengu, afinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Kusukela ekhanda kuye ezinzwaneni
Amalungu e-Yakuza aziwa ngama-tattoos abo amboza wonke umzimba wabo. Ama-tattoos amele uphawu lwengcebo, futhi abonisa namandla wesilisa, njengoba inqubo yokuthola ama-tattoo ibuhlungu futhi ithatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.
Iphiramidi
Uhlelo lwe-yakerarchical yakuza lwakhiwa ngesimo sephiramidi. Inzalamizi (kumicho) iphezulu, futhi ngezansi, ngokulandelana, bangaphansi kwakhe.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwendodana nobaba
Yonke imindeni yama-yakuza ixhunyaniswe nobudlelwano be-oyabun-kobun - izindima eziqhathaniswa nobudlelwano bomeluleki nomfundi, noma ubaba nendodana. Noma yiliphi ilungu leqembu kungaba yi-kobun noma i-oyabun, lisebenze njengomphathi walabo abangaphansi kwakhe, futhi lilalele labo abaphezulu.
Isandla sokusiza
Yize i-yakuza idume njengenhlangano yobugebengu, amalungu ayo avame ukusiza abantu bakubo. Isibonelo, ngemuva kwe-tsunami noma ukuzamazama komhlaba, banikeza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zosizo kwabampofu ngendlela yokudla, izimoto, imithi, njll. Ochwepheshe bathi ngale ndlela, i-yakuza imane iphendukele ekuzikhangiseni, kunokuba izwelane nabantu abavamile.
Ababulali bakaYakuza?
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abaningi bakhuluma ngama-yakuza njengababulali, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Eqinisweni, bazama ukugwema ukubulala, bakhetha izindlela eziningi "zobuntu", kufaka phakathi ukusika umunwe.
Ucansi nokushushumbisa
Namuhla, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu eJapane kubhekwe ngokuphelele yi-yakuza. Ibhizinisi lathola ukudonswa okukhulu ngokwengeziwe ngomkhakha wezocansi nokuvakasha kwezocansi.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngo-3
Inhlangano ye-Yakuza ihlukaniswe ngama-3 syndicates key. Okukhulu kunakho konke lokhu ngamaYamaguchi-gumi (amalungu angama-55,000). Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi le nhlangano ingenye yezinhlangano zezigebengu ezicebile kakhulu emhlabeni, ephethe izigidigidi zamaRandi.
Ukucwaswa
Abafazi bamalungu e-yakuza bagqoka imidwebo efanayo emzimbeni yabo njengabayeni babo. Ngale ndlela, bakhombisa ukwethembeka kwabo kwabashade neqembu.
Ngenhlonipho
Ukufa ngesihluku kwamalungu e-yakuza akukubi. Esikhundleni salokho, yethulwa ngesimo sento ehloniphekile futhi efanele ukudunyiswa. Futhi, kulokhu, ziyefana nemibono yama-Samurai.
Isithombe esihle
Ngo-2012, uYamaguchi-gumi wasabalalisa incwadi yezindaba emalungwini akhe ukuze athuthukise isimilo. Iphakamise ukuthi amalungu amasha kufanele ahloniphe izindinganiso zendabuko futhi abambe iqhaza ezinhlanganweni zosizo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe babheka lezo zenzo kuphela ngendlela yomkhankaso we-PR.
Ngenzele
Isiko likaSakazuki ukushintshana ngezinkomishi phakathi kuka-oyabun (ubaba) no-kobun (indodana). Lesi siko sithathwa njengesibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe-yakuza, esimele ukuqiniswa kobudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu ayo nenhlangano.
Umhlaba wesilisa
Bambalwa kakhulu abesifazane abasezingeni eliphezulu ohlelweni lwe-yakuza. Imvamisa kuba ngabashadikazi bezikhulu.
Ukuminyana
Ukuze ajoyine i-yakuza, umuntu kufanele aphumelele ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa kwamakhasi ayi-12. Isivivinyo sivumela abaphathi ukuthi baqinisekise ukuthi umqashi uyawazi kahle umthetho ukuze angangeni enkingeni nabomthetho.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwebhizinisi
AbakwaYakuza basebenzisa umkhuba wokufumbathisa okukhulu noma ukukhwabanisa (sokaya), befuna ukuba phakathi kwabaninimasheya enkampanini. Bathola ubufakazi obubeka amacala ezikhulwini eziphezulu futhi basongele ngokudalula lolu lwazi uma bengabaniki imali noma isigxobo esilawulayo.
Ukuvuleleka
AbakwaYakuza abafuni ukufihla indlunkulu yabo futhi banezimpawu ezifanele. Ngenxa yalokhu, abaphathi bangangeza ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zobugebengu, futhi baqhube ibhizinisi elisemthethweni, bakhokhe intela kumgcinimafa kahulumeni.
Ukubuyisa
USokaya waduma kakhulu kwathi ngo-1982 kwadluliselwa izikweletu eJapan ukuze zivinjelwe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusishintshanga kakhulu isimo. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokulwisana ne-yakuza ukuhlela imihlangano yabaninimasheya ngosuku olufanayo. Njengoba i-yakuza yayingakwazi ukuba kuyo yonke indawo ngokuphelele, lokhu kwenza ukuthi linciphise kakhulu inani lezehlakalo.
Ukungeza umunwe
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi kukhathuni yezingane ngoBob the Builder, i-protagonist ineminwe emi-4, ngenkathi eJapan umlingiswa ofanayo eneminwe emi-5. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhulumeni waseJapan ubengafuni ukuthi izingane zicabange ukuthi uBob uku-yakuza.
Imakethe emnyama
EJapane, ama-tattoos abangela ukusabela okubi kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, ngoba ahlotshaniswa ne-yakuza. Ngalesi sizathu, bambalwa abaculi be-tattoo ezweni, ngoba akekho ofuna ukuhlanganisa abanye ne-yakuza.
Inkemba yeSamurai
I-katana yinkemba yendabuko yama-Samurai. Okuxakayo ukuthi lesi sikhali sisasetshenziswa njengesikhali sokubulala. Isibonelo, ngo-1994, iphini likamongameli waseFujifilm uJuntaro Suzuki wabulawa ngekatana ngenxa yokwenqaba ukukhokha i-yakuza.
Ubaba waseJapan
UKazuo Taoka, owaziwa njengo "Godfather of the Godfathers", wayengumholi wesithathu wenhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke ye-yakuza phakathi no-1946-1981. Wakhula eyintandane wagcina ngokulwa emgwaqweni eKobe, ngaphansi kobuholi balowo owayezoba ngumphathi wakhe, uNoboru Yamaguchi. Isibhakela sakhe asisayinayo, iminwe emehlweni esitha sakhe, uthole uTaoka isidlaliso "uBhele".
Ngo-1978, uKazuo wadutshulwa (ngemuva entanyeni) yiqembu eliphikisanayo e-nightclub, kodwa wasinda. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, umhlukumezi wakhe watholakala eshonile ehlathini eliseduze naseKobe.
