UHeinrich Müller

UHeinrich Müller (1900 - mhlawumbe ngoMeyi 1945) - Umphathi wamaphoyisa ombuso oyimfihlo (umnyango we-4 we-RSHA) waseJalimane (1939-1945), u-SS Gruppenfuehrer noLieutenant General of Police.

Kuthathwa njengesinye sezibalo eziyindida kakhulu kumaNazi. Njengoba iqiniso lokufa kwakhe lingazange lisungulwe ngokunembile, lokhu kwaholela ezinkulumweni eziningi nasekuqageleni ukuthi wayekuphi.

Njengenhloko yeGestapo, uMueller wayebandakanyeke cishe kuwo wonke amacala amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi kanye nomnyango wezokuphepha (RSHA), enza ukwesatshiswa kweGestapo

Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaHeinrich Müller, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.

Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaMueller.

Umlando kaHeinrich Müller

UHeinrich Müller wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 28, 1900 eMunich. Wakhulela emndenini wendoda eyayingumfana u-Alois Müller nomkakhe u-Anna Schreindl. Wayenodadewabo owashona ngemuva nje kokuzalwa.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Lapho uHeinrich eneminyaka engaba ngu-6 ubudala, waya ebangeni lokuqala e-Ingolstadt. Cishe ngemuva konyaka, abazali bakhe bamthumela esikoleni esisebenza eSchrobenhausen.

UMüller wayengumfundi onekhono, kepha othisha bakhuluma ngaye njengomfana owonakele othanda ukuqamba amanga. Ngemuva kokuphothula ibanga lesi-8, waqala ukusebenza njengomfundi osebenza embonini yezindiza yaseMunich. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwaqala iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala (1914-1918).

Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3 yokuqeqeshwa, le nsizwa yanquma ukuya phambili. Ngemuva kokuphothula ukuqeqeshwa kwezempi, uHeinrich waqala ukusebenza njengomfundi osafundela ukushayela indiza. Ngentwasahlobo ka-1918 wathunyelwa eWestern Front.

Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uMüller oneminyaka engu-17 ngokuzimela wahlasela iParis, ebeka impilo yakhe engcupheni. Ngenxa yesibindi sakhe, wanikezwa i-Iron Cross yeziqu zokuqala. Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, wasebenza isikhathi esithile njengomhambisi wezimpahla, ngemuva kwalokho wajoyina amaphoyisa.

Imisebenzi nemisebenzi kahulumeni

Ekupheleni kuka-1919, uHeinrich Müller wakhonza njengomsizi wamaphoyisa. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi wasebenzela amaphoyisa ezepolitiki eMunich. Le ndoda yaqapha abaholi bamaKhomanisi, belwa nezinhlangano ezisekela ubukhomanisi.

Phakathi kozakwabo, uMueller wayengenabo abangane abaseduze, ngoba wayengumuntu osolisayo futhi owenyanyayo. Njengesikhulu samaphoyisa phakathi ne-biography ka-1919-1933. akazange azidonsele amehlo kuye.

Lapho amaNazi eqala ukubusa ngo-1933, umphathi kaHeinrich kwakunguReinhard Heydrich. Ngonyaka olandelayo, uHeydrich wakhuthaza uMüller ukuba aqhubeke nokukhonza eBerlin. Lapha le ndoda yavele yaba yi-SS Untersturmführer, kwathi eminyakeni emibili kamuva - i-SS Obersturmbannführer noMhloli Omkhulu Wamaphoyisa.

Kodwa-ke, endaweni entsha, uMueller wayenobudlelwano obushubile kakhulu nobuholi. Wayesolwa ngokwenza okungalungile nokulwa okunzima ngokumelene nesobunxele. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu besikhathi sakhe babephikisana nokuthi ukuze kuzuze yena, ngabe wayezoshushisa abalungile ngenkuthalo efanayo, uma nje efuna ukuthola udumo kubaphathi bakhe.

Futhi, uHenry wasolwa ngokuthi wayengababekezeleli labo bantu ababemzungezile ababemvimba ekukhuphukeleni esigabeni somsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakwamukela kalula ukunconywa ngomsebenzi ayengabandakanyeki kuwo.

Futhi naphezu kokuphikisana nozakwabo, uMüller ukufakazele ukuphakama kwakhe. Ngemuva kokuvela kuye isimilo esingesihle esivela eMunich, wakwazi ukweqa ngaphezulu kwezinyathelo ezintathu zesitebhisi esesikhundleni esiphezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, i-German waklonyeliswa isihloko SS Standartenführer.

Ngalesi sikhathi se-biography yakhe, uHeinrich Müller umemezele ukuphuma kwakhe esontweni, efisa ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zemibono yamaNazi. Lesi senzo sabacasula kakhulu abazali bakhe, kepha ngendodana yabo, umsebenzi wawungowokuqala.

Ngo-1939, uMueller waba yilungu le-NSDAP ngokusemthethweni. Ngemva kwalokho, waphathiswa isikhundla sokuba yinhloko yeGestapo. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa wakhushulelwa esigabeni se-SS Gruppenfuehrer noLieutenant General of Police. Kwakungalesi sikhathi se-biography yakhe lapho akwazi khona ukuveza ngokugcwele amandla akhe.

Ngenxa yesipiliyoni sakhe sobungcweti nobuhlakani obuphakeme, uHeinrich ukwazile ukuqoqa imininingwane eminingi ewusizo mayelana nelungu ngalinye eliphakeme le-NSDAP. Ngakho-ke, wayenobufakazi obuyekethisayo obumelene namaNazi avelele njengoHimmler, uBormann noHeydrich. Uma kunesidingo, wayengazisebenzisela izinhloso zobugovu.

Ngemuva kokubulawa kukaHeydrich, uMüller waba ngaphansi kuka-Ernst Kaltenbrunner, eqhubeka nokuxhasa ngenkuthalo ukucindezelwa kwezitha zoMbuso Wesithathu. Ngokungenasihawu wabhekana nabaphikisi, esebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwenza lokhu.

AmaNazi azinikeze imibhalo efanelekile nezindawo zokuhlala ukuze kubonakale, eseduze nendawo kaHitler. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayephethe izindaba ezandleni zakhe kwilungu ngalinye leReich, ukufinyelela okwakukhona kuphela kuye nakuFuehrer.

UMüller wabamba iqhaza elibonakalayo ekushushisweni nasekuqothulweni kwamaJuda nabamele ezinye izizwe. Ngesikhathi sempi, wahola imisebenzi eminingi ehlose ukuqeda iziboshwa emakamu okuhlushwa. Wayengunobangela wokufa kwezigidi zabantu abangenacala.

Ukufeza izinhloso zakhe, uHeinrich Müller wasebenzisa kaningi ukuqamba amacala. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ama-Gestapo agents asebenze eMoscow, eqoqa imininingwane ewusizo kumqashi wabo. Wayengumuntu oqaphe kakhulu futhi ohlakaniphile onememori emangalisayo nokucabanga kokuhlaziya.

Isibonelo, uMüller wenza konke okusemandleni ukugwema amalensi ekhamera, yingakho zimbalwa kakhulu izithombe zamaNazi namuhla. Lokhu kudalwe ukuthi uma kwenzeka kuthunjwa, isitha asikwazanga ukukhomba ukuthi ngubani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uHeinrich wenqaba ukudweba uhlobo lwegazi ngaphansi kwekhwapha langakwesokunxele, okwakukhona kuzo zonke izikhulu ze-SS. Njengoba isikhathi sizobonisa, isenzo esinjalo sokucabanga sizothela izithelo. Ngokuzayo, amasosha aseSoviet azophumelela kakhulu ekubaleni izikhulu zaseJalimane ezinama-tattoos anjalo.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Ngo-1917, uMüller waqala ukunakekela indodakazi yomnikazi wendlu ocebile nowayeshicilela, uSofia Dischner. Ngemuva kweminyaka engaba ngu-7, abantu abasha banquma ukushada. Kulo mshado, umfana uReinhard nentombazane u-Elisabeth bazalwa.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le ntombazane yayingasekeli iNational Socialism. Kodwa-ke, akubanga khona ukubuza ngesehlukaniso, ngoba lokhu kuthinte kabi i-biography yesikhulu se-SS esiyisibonelo. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, uHenry wayenamakhosikazi.

Ekupheleni kuka-1944, le ndoda yathuthela umndeni wayo endaweni ephephile eMunich. USofia waphila impilo ende, efa ngo-1990 eneminyaka engama-90.

Ukufa

UHeinrich Müller ungomunye wamaNazi ambalwa asezikhundleni eziphezulu aphunyuke enkantolo eNuremberg. NgoMeyi 1, 1945, wavela phambi kukaFuehrer egqoke ngokuphelele, ememezela ukuthi ukulungele ukunikela ngempilo yakhe ngenxa kaHitler naseJalimane.

Ngobusuku bangoMeyi 1-2, 1945, iqembu lamaNazi lazama ukuphuma eringini laseSoviet. Naye-ke uHenry wenqaba ukubaleka, eqaphela ukuthi ukuthunjwa kungaba yini kuye. Akukaziwa kahle ukuthi uMueller washona kuphi futhi nini.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kweReich Ministry of Aviation ngoMeyi 6, 1945, kwatholakala isidumbu sendoda, emfanekisweni wayo kwakukhona isitifiketi sikaGruppenführer Heinrich Müller. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi bavumile ukuthi empeleni umFascist wakwazi ukusinda.

Kwakunamahlebezi ahlukahlukene okusolakala ukuthi wabonakala e-USSR, e-Argentina, eBolivia, eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwavela imibono mayelana neqiniso lokuthi wayeyinxusa le-NKVD, kanti abanye ochwepheshe bathi angasebenzela i-Stasi - amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi e-GDR.

Ngokusho kwezintatheli zaseMelika, uMueller waqashwa yi-US CIA, kepha lolu lwazi alusekelwa amaqiniso athembekile.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ukushona komNazi oqaphile futhi ocabangayo kusasusa impikiswano enkulu. Noma kunjalo, kwamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi uHeinrich Müller washona ngoMeyi 1 noma 2, 1945, eneminyaka engama-45.