U-Ivan Stepanovich Konev (1897-1973) - Umkhuzi weSoviet, uMarshal weSoviet Union (1944), uHero weSoviet Union kabili, ophethe i-Order of Victory. Ilungu leKomidi Elikhulu leCPSU.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaKonev, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kune-biography emfushane ka-Ivan Konev.
I-Biography kaKonev
U-Ivan Konev wazalwa ngoDisemba 16 (28), 1897 edolobhaneni laseLodeino (esifundazweni saseVologda). Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini womlimi ocebile uStepan Ivanovich nomkakhe u-Evdokia Stepanovna. Ngaphandle kuka-Ivan, umndeni wakwaKonev wazalelwa indodana, uYakov.
Lapho umphathi wamanje wayesemncane, unina washona, ngenxa yalokho ubaba wakhe waphinde washada nowesifazane ogama lakhe linguPraskovya Ivanovna.
Ngesikhathi eseyingane, u-Ivan waya esikoleni samaphandleni, asiphothula ngo-1906. Wabe eseqhubeka nokuthola imfundo yakhe esikoleni semstvo. Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, waqala ukusebenza embonini yamahlathi.
Umsebenzi wezempi
Konke kwahamba kahle kwaze kwagqashuka iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala (1914-1918). Ngentwasahlobo ka-1916, uKonev wabizelwa ukuyosebenza embuthweni wezempi. Ngokushesha wakhuphukela esigabeni sesikhulu esingajutshwanga.
Ngemuva kokwehliswa amandla ngo-1918, u-Ivan wabamba iqhaza eMpini Yombango. Usebenze ku-Eastern Front, lapho abebonakala khona njengomlawuli onekhono. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi wabamba iqhaza ekucindezelweni kokuvukela okudumile kwaseKronstadt, ngokuba nguKhomishane wendlunkulu yebutho leFar Eastern Republic.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uKonev wayesevele eseqenjini leBolshevik Party. Ekupheleni kwempi, wayefuna ukuxhuma impilo yakhe nemisebenzi yezempi. Umfana wathuthukisa "iziqu" zakhe eMilitary Academy yeRed Army. Frunze, sibonga lapho wakwazi ukuba abe umkhuzi division izibhamu.
Unyaka ngaphambi kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II (1939-1945), u-Ivan Konev wanikezwa igunya lokuhola i-2nd Banner Army Army ehlukile. Ngo-1941 wayesevele eyi-lieutenant general, umphathi we-19 Army.
Ngesikhathi sempi yaseSmolensk, iqembu le-19 Army lalizungezwe amaNazi, kepha uKonev uqobo wakwazi ukugwema ukuthunjwa, ekwazile ukuhoxisa abaphathi bezempi kanye nebutho lezokuxhumana lisendaweni ebiyelwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, amasosha akhe abamba iqhaza emsebenzini we-Dukhovshchina.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi isenzo sika-Ivan sanconywa kakhulu nguJoseph Stalin, owathola usizo ngosizo lokuhola iWestern Front, waphinde wakhushulelwa esikhundleni sokuba ngu-colonel-general.
Noma kunjalo, ngaphansi komyalo kaKonev, amasosha aseRussia ahlulwa amaJalimane eVyazma. Ngokwezibalo ezahlukahlukene, ukulahleka komuntu ohlangothini lwe-USSR kusuka kubantu abangu-400,000 kuya kwabangu-700,000. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni ujenene angadutshulwa.
Ngokusobala, lokhu bekuzokwenzeka uma kungengenxa yokuncenga kukaGeorgy Zhukov. Abokugcina bahlongoza ukuqoka u-Ivan Stepanovich njengomphathi weKalinin Front. Ngenxa yalokho, wabamba iqhaza empini eMoscow, kanye nasempini yaseRzhev, lapho iRed Army ingazange iphumelele kakhulu.
Ngemuva kwalokho, amasosha kaKonev aphinda anqotshwa emisebenzini yokuzivikela kaKholm-Zhirkovsky. Ngokushesha waphathiswa ukuhola iWestern Front, kepha ngenxa yokulahleka kwabantu okungekho emthethweni, wabelwa ukuthi aphathe iNorth-Western Front engabalulekanga kangako.
Kodwa-ke, nalapha u-Ivan Konev akakwazanga ukufeza izinhloso zakhe. Amasosha akhe ahlulekile ukuphumelela ekusebenzeni okudala kweRussia, okwaholela ukuthi ehlobo lika-1943 athathe isikhundla seSteppe Front. Yilapha lapho jikelele wabonisa ngokugcwele ithalente lakhe njengomkhuzi.
UKonev wazihlukanisa eMpini yaseKursk nasempini ye-Dnieper, wabamba iqhaza ekukhululweni kwePoltava, iBelgorod, iKharkov neKremenchug. Wabe eseqhuba umsebenzi omkhulu weKorsun-Shevchenko, lapho iqembu elikhulu lesitha laqedwa khona.
Ngomsebenzi omuhle owenziwe ngoFebhuwari 1944, u-Ivan Konev wanikezwa isicoco sikaMarshal wase-USSR. Ngenyanga elandelayo, waqhuba esinye sezenzo eziphumelela kakhulu zamasosha aseRussia - umsebenzi we-Uman-Botoshan, lapho ngenyanga yokulwa amasosha akhe aqhubekela phambili amakhilomitha angama-300 entshonalanga.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngoMashi 26, 1944, ibutho likaKonev lalingelokuqala eRed Army, elakwazi ukuwela umngcele wombuso, lingena endaweni yaseRomania. Ngemuva kochungechunge lwezimpi ezaphumelela ngoMeyi 1944, waphathiswa ukuhola i-1st Ukraine Front.
Ngaleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, u-Ivan Konev wazakhela idumela lokuba ngumkhuzi onethalente, okwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yobuciko ngokuvikela nangokuhlasela. Wakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokukhazimulayo umsebenzi we-Lvov-Sandomierz, ochazwe ezincwadini zokufunda ezindabeni zempi.
Ngesikhathi kwenziwa amasosha aseRussia, izigaba eziyi-8 zezitha zazungezwa, izifunda ezisentshonalanga ye-USSR zahlalwa phansi kwathi ibhulorho iSandomierz yathathwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, jikelele wanikezwa isihloko Hero weSoviet Union.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, uKonev wathunyelwa e-Austria, lapho ahola khona i-Central Group of Forces futhi wayenguKhomishani oPhakeme. Lapho ebuyela ekhaya, wakhonza emnyangweni wezempi, ethokozela inhlonipho enkulu kozakwabo nakubantu bakubo.
Ngokusikisela kuka-Ivan Stepanovich, uLavrenty Beria wagwetshwa intambo. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uKonev wayephakathi kwalabo ababesekela ukuxoshwa kukaGeorgy Zhukov eqenjini lamaKhomanisi, owake wasindisa impilo yakhe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngomkakhe wokuqala, u-Anna Voloshina, leli phoyisa lahlangana ebusheni balo. Kulo mshado, umfana uHelium nentombazane uMaya bazalwa.
Unkosikazi wesibili kaKonev kwakungu-Antonina Vasilieva, owayesebenza njengomhlengikazi. Abathandi bahlangana ekuphakameni kweMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1939-1941). Le ntombazane yathunyelwa kujenene ukuthi izolekelela ngomsebenzi wasendlini ngesikhathi ilulama ekuguleni okunzima.
Kule nyunyana, kwazalwa indodakazi, uNataliya. Lapho le ntombazane ikhula, izobhala incwadi ethi "Marshal Konev ungubaba wami", lapho ezochaza khona amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo avela ku-biography yomzali wakhe.
Ukufa
U-Ivan Stepanovich Konev ushone ngoMeyi 21, 1973 ebulawa ngumdlavuza eneminyaka engama-75. Wangcwatshwa odongeni lwaseKremlin, ngazo zonke izihlonipho ezifanelekile.
Isithombe ngu-Ivan Konev
