ULyudmila Markovna Gurchenko (1935-2011) - Umlingisi waseSoviet nowaseRussia, umculi, umqondisi wefilimu, umbhali wememo, umbhali wesikrini nombhali.
Umculi Wabantu we-USSR. Umklomelo we-State Prize we-RSFSR kubo. abafowethu uVasiliev noMklomelo Wombuso WaseRussia. I-Chevalier ye-Order of Merit ye-Fatherland, ama-2, 3 no-4 degrees.
Izethameli zikhumbula uGurchenko ikakhulukazi ngamafilimu abukekayo afana neCarnival Night, Girl with a Guitar, Station for Two, Love and Doves, Old Nags nabanye abaningi.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaGurchenko, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwakho kukhona i-biography emfushane kaLyudmila Gurchenko.
Biography Gurchenko
ULyudmila Gurchenko wazalwa ngoNovemba 12, 1935 eKharkov. Wakhulela emndenini olula onemali encane, engahlangene nakancane nomkhakha wamafilimu.
Ubaba womlingisi, uMark Gavrilovich (igama langempela nguGurchenkov), wadlala inkinobho yenkinobho ngobuciko futhi wahlabelela kahle. Yena, njengomkakhe, u-Elena Aleksandrovna, wasebenza ePhilharmonic.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Ubuntwana bukaLyudmila budlulela egumbini elilodwa elingaphansi komhlaba. Njengoba wakhulela emndenini wabaculi, wayevame ukuvakashela i-Philharmonic, ehambela ukuzilolonga.
Konke kwakulungile kwaze kwaba umzuzu lapho kuqala khona iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1941-1945). Ubaba uGurchenko wahle wazinikela ngaphambili, yize wayekhubazekile futhi esekhulile.
Lapho uLuda omncane eneminyaka engaphansi kweyisithupha ubudala, iKharkov yathunjwa ngamaNazi, ngenxa yalokho esinye sezikhathi ezinzima kakhulu saqala ku-biography yakhe. Enkulumweni yakhe, umlingisi wavuma ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kwakudingeka acule futhi adanse phambi kwabahlaseli ukuze okungenani athole ukudla.
Njengoba uGurchenko ayehlala nomama wakhe futhi wayehlala engondlekile kahle, wajoyina ama-punks endawo, ayevame ukuya ezimakethe ngethemba lokuthola ucezu lwesinkwa. Le ntombazane yasinda ngokuyisimangaliso ngemuva kokunye ukuhlasela okwakuhlelwe amaNazi.
Lapho amasosha eRed Army ehlasela noma yikuphi ukucasula edolobheni, amaJalimane ephendula ayeqala ukubulala izakhamizi ezijwayelekile, imvamisa izingane nabesifazane, ababamba iso.
Ngemuva kokuthi ehlobo lika-1943 iKharkov iphinde yalawulwa ngamasosha aseRussia, uLyudmila Gurchenko waya esikoleni. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi isihloko ayesithanda kakhulu kwakuwulimi lwase-Ukraine.
Isitholile isitifiketi, intombazane yadlula ngempumelelo izivivinyo esikoleni somculo. UBeethoven. Khona-ke uLyudmila oneminyaka engu-18 waya eMoscow, lapho akwazi khona ukungena eVGIK. Lapha wakwazi ukuveza ngokugcwele amandla akhe okudala.
UGurchenko wayengomunye wabafundi abanethalente kakhulu, owayekwazi ukudansa, ukucula nokudlala kahle upiyano. Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu zakhe enyuvesi, wenza isikhathi esithile esiteji samathiyetha ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi iSovremennik neTheatre. EChekhov.
Amafilimu
Ngesikhathi esengumfundi, uLyudmila Gurchenko waqala ukubonakala kumafilimu. Ngo-1956, ababukeli bambona kumafilimu anjengethi "Umgwaqo Weqiniso," Inhliziyo Ishaya Futhi ... "," Umuntu Wazalwa "nethi" Carnival Night ".
Kwakungemva kokuhlanganyela eteyipini lokugcina, lapho athola khona indima ebalulekile, lapho uGurchenko aqala khona ukuthandwa yi-Union. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izethameli zasheshe zayithanda ingoma edumile ethi "Amaminithi Ayisihlanu" eyenziwa ngumlingisi osemncane.
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uLyudmila wathola indima enkulu emdlalweni wamahlaya womculo Intombazane eneGuitar. Lo msebenzi awuzange ube nempumelelo enkulu, ngenxa yalokho izilaleli zaseSoviet zaqala ukubona kuye kuphela intombazane ejabule futhi engenalwazi ngokubukeka okuhle nokumomotheka okukhazimulayo.
Ukungatholakali
Ngo-1957, ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kwe- "Girls with a Guitar", uLyudmila wabizwa nguNgqongqoshe woMnyango Wezamasiko wase-USSR uNikolai Mikhailov. Ngokwenguqulo eyodwa, le ndoda ibifuna ukuyiheha ukuze ibambisane ne-KGB, ngoba maduzane kuzoba noMkhosi Wentsha Wabafundi Nabafundi.
Ngemuva kokulalela ungqongqoshe, uGurchenko wasenqaba isicelo sakhe, okwaba yisizathu sokushushiswa kwakhe nokukhohlwa okuthile. Eminyakeni eyishumi eyalandela, wayedlala ikakhulukazi abalingiswa besibili.
Futhi yize kwesinye isikhathi uLyudmila ephathiswe izindima ezinkulu, amafilimu anjalo ahlala engaziwa. Kamuva, uyavuma ukuthi leso sikhathi somlando wakhe sasinzima kakhulu kuye ngamagama okudala.
Ngokusho kukaGurchenko, ngaleso sikhathi wayesesimweni esihle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinkinga neziphathimandla, umsebenzi wakhe wefilimu waqala ukwehla.
Buya
Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-70s, umugqa omnyama emsebenzini kaLyudmila Markovna waphela. Uke wadlala indima yokulingisa kumafilimu afana neThe Road to Rübezal, The Old Walls neThe Straw Hat.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uGurchenko wavela kumafilimu adumile: "Izinsuku Ezingamashumi Amabili Ngaphandle Kempi", "Mama", "Swallows yaseZulwini", "Sibiriada" nethi "Ukushiya - Shiya." Kuyo yonke le misebenzi, wadlala abalingiswa abasemqoka.
Ngo-1982, uLyudmila Gurchenko wadlala kumdlalo we-melodrama oshukumisayo othi "Station for Two", lapho u-Oleg Basilashvili enza njengomlingani wakhe. Namuhla le filimu ithathwa njengeyakudala yesinema yaseSoviet.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, uGurchenko waguqukela kuRaisa Zakharovna kumdlalo wamahlaya othi "Uthando namajuba". Abagxeki abaningi bamafilimu bakholelwa ukuthi le filimu iku-TOP-3 kumafilimu asekhaya athandwa kakhulu. Izingcaphuno eziningi ezivela kulo mdlalo wamahlaya zasheshe zathandwa.
Ngama-90s, uLyudmila wakhunjulwa yizethameli ngemisebenzi enjengokuthi "Itilosi lami" nokuthi "Lalela, Fellini!" Ngo-2000, wathola enye yezindima ezihola phambili kumdlalo wamahlaya kaRyazanov Old Nags, lapho abalingani bakhe kwakunguSvetlana Kryuchkova, uLiya Akhedzhakova no-Irina Kupchenko.
Ekhulwini elisha, uGurchenko uqhubeke nokwenza amafilimu, kepha amafilimu ngokuzibandakanya kwakhe awabe esaphumelela njengangaphambili. Wayebizwa ngomculi odumile ngendima ayidlala ngesikhathi seSoviet.
Umculo
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yobuciko bakhe bokudala, uLyudmila Gurchenko uqophe ama-albhamu omculo ayi-17, futhi washicilela nezincwadi ezi-3 zokuphila kwakhe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umculi wayecula kaningi edlalwa nabaculi abadumile be-pop, abalingisi ngisho nabadlali be-rock. Usebenze no-Alla Pugacheva, u-Andrei Mironov, uMikhail Boyarsky, u-Ilya Lagutenko, uBoris Moiseev nezinye izinkanyezi eziningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Gurchenko wadubula 17 omfisha izingoma zakhe. Umsebenzi wokugcina kaLyudmila Markovna kwakuyividiyo lapho ahlanganisa khona ingoma kaZemfira ethi "Uyafuna?"
UGurchenko ukhulume ngokujabula ngoZemfira nomsebenzi wakhe, embiza "ngentombazane enobuhlakani." Le ntokazi ibuye yengeza ukuthi ngenkathi icelwa ukuthi icule iculo elithi "Uyafuna ngibulale omakhelwane?", Ithole injabulo emangalisayo ngokumathinta ithalente langempela.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ku-biography yomuntu siqu kaLyudmila Gurchenko, kwakukhona amanoveli amaningi, ayevame ukuphela emishadweni - ama-5 asemthethweni kanye ne-1 civil.
Umyeni wakhe wokuqala kwaba ngumqondisi uVasily Ordynsky, owayehlala naye iminyaka engaphansi kwengu-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, le ntombazane yashada nesazi-mlando uBoris Andronikashvili. Kamuva baba nentombazane egama layo linguMaria. Kodwa-ke, le nyunyana nayo yahlukana ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa.
Owesithathu owakhethwa uGurchenko wayengumlingisi u-Alexander Fadeev. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi nakulesi sikhathi, umshado wakhe uthathe iminyaka engu-2 kuphela. Umyeni olandelayo wayengumculi odumile u-Iosif Kobzon, owahlala naye iminyaka emithathu.
Ngo-1973 uLyudmila Markovna waba ngumfazi womthetho womdlali wepiyano uKonstantin Kuperveis. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubudlelwane babo bahlala iminyaka engu-18.
Umlingani wesithupha nowokugcina kaGurchenko wayengumkhiqizi wefilimu uSergei Senin, ahlala naye waze wafa.
Ubudlelwano nendodakazi
Ngendodakazi yakhe okuwukuphela kwayo, uMaria Koroleva, umlingisi wayenobudlelwano obunzima kakhulu. Le ntombazane yakhuliswa ogogo nomkhulu wayo, njengoba isikhathi sonke kusethi kwakudlala inkanyezi kanina.
Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi kwakunzima kuMaria ukubona uGurchenko njengomama wakhe, ngoba wayembona engavamile ngokweqile. Njengoba esekhulile, intombazane yashada nendoda elula, owazala indodana, uMark, nendodakazi, u-Elena.
Kodwa-ke, uLyudmila Markovna wayesephikisana nendodakazi yakhe nomkhwenyana wakhe bobabili. Kodwa-ke wayebathanda kakhulu abazukulu bakhe, ababizwa ngegama likayise nonina.
UMaria Koroleva akazange afise ukuba ngumlingisi noma umuntu odumile. Ngokungafani nonina, wakhetha indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo, nezimonyo nezimpahla ezibizayo.
Ngo-1998, umzukulu kaGurchenko wabulawa ukweqisa izidakamizwa. Umlingisi uthathe ukufa kukaMark kanzima kakhulu. Kamuva, waphinde waba nenye ingxabano noMaria ngemuva kwendlu.
Umama kaLyudmila Markovna washiyela umzukulu wakhe okuwukuphela kwendlu yakhe, hhayi indodakazi yakhe. Umlingisi akazange akwamukele lokhu, ngenxa yalokho icala laya enkantolo.
Ukufa
Cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokushona kwakhe, uGurchenko waphuka inqulu ngemuva kokushelela egcekeni lomuzi wakhe. Wahlinzwa ngempumelelo, kepha kungekudala impilo yowesifazane yaqala ukuwohloka ngemuva kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
ULyudmila Markovna Gurchenko ushone ngoSepthemba 30, 2011 eneminyaka engama-75. Wayegqoke ingubo ayeyithunge yena uqobo ngaphambi nje kokuba ashone.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uMaria Koroleva wafunda ngokufa kukanina emaphephandabeni. Ngalesi sizathu, weza ukuzovalelisa kuye kuphela ngehora le-11 ekuseni. Ngasikhathi sinye, lo wesifazane wayengafuni ukuzungezwa izivakashi ze-VIP.
Wema kulayini ojwayelekile futhi, ngemuva kokubeka isixha samakhrisimesi ethuneni likaGurchenko, wahamba ngokuthula. Ngo-2017, uMaria Koroleva wadlula emhlabeni ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Izithombe zeGurchenko
