UKirk Douglas (igama langempela U-Iser Danilovich, kamuva Demsky) (b. 1916) ungumlingisi waseMelika, umkhiqizi wamafilimu, umbhali, umusa wokuphana futhi owake waba yinxusa loMusa Womnyango Wombuso wase-US.
Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ku-biography kaKirk Douglas, esizokhuluma ngaye kulesi sihloko.
Ngakho-ke, nayi i-biography emfushane kaKirk Douglas.
I-Biography kaKirk Douglas
UKirk Douglas wazalwa ngoDisemba 9, 1916 e-American Amsterdam (New York). Wakhula futhi wakhulela emndenini ompofu wamaJuda.
UKirk wayekuphela kwendodana yabazali bakhe. Ngaphezu kwakhe, ubaba wakhe, uGershl Danielovich, nonina, uBriana Sanglel, baba namanye amadodakazi ayisithupha.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Eminyakeni engu-6 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKirk, abazali bakhe bathutha edolobheni laseRussia iChausy (manje eseleBelarus) baya e-United States. Lapho befika eMelika, lo mbhangqwana washintsha izibongo namagama abo, baba nguHarry noBerta Demsky.
Lapho kuzalwa indodana yabo okwase kuyisikhathi eside ilindelwe, bayiqamba ngokuthi uYser (Izya). Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kaningi kwamaSemite, ngokuzayo umfana kwakudingeka ashintshe igama lakhe abe nguKirk Douglas.
Njengoba umndeni waphila kabi kakhulu, umlingisi esizayo kwadingeka asebenze esemncane. Usebenze njengomsabalalisi wamaphephandaba nokudla, waphinde wenza omunye umsebenzi.
UKirk Douglas waqala ukuphupha ngomsebenzi womlingisi esikoleni sabaqalayo. Wayeyithanda indawo yaseshashalazini, ngenxa yalokho wayevame ukufaka imidlalo yezingane ekhaya.
Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni, le nsizwa yaba umfundi wasekolishi. Ngaleso sikhathi se-biography yakhe, wayekuthanda ukulwa, ngenxa yalokho akwazi ukuthola umfundaze wezemidlalo.
Lapho eneminyaka engama-23, uKirk wangena e-American Academy of Dramatic Arts.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi uDouglas wayengenayo imali yokukhokhela imali yokufunda eyunivesithi, kepha wakwazi ukwenza umbono omuhle kothisha waze wanikezwa umfundaze.
Eminyakeni yakhe yokufunda, uKirk kwadingeka asebenze njengoweta, kepha akazange akhononde ngempilo.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II (1939-1945), uDouglas wabuthelwa ebusosheni. Umfana ubengakugwema ukusizakala ngenxa yokungaboni kahle, kepha akazange akwenze.
Esikhundleni salokho, uKirk wathuthukisa ukubona kwakhe ngokuzivocavoca amehlo okukhethekile waya ngaphambili. Ngo-1944, leli sosha lahlaselwa isifo sohudo, ngenxa yalokho odokotela banquma ukumxosha.
Amafilimu
Ngemuva kwempi, uDouglas waqala ukusebenza ngokungathi sína. Udlale emidlalweni, wabamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zomsakazo, waphinde wadlala kwezentengiso.
Ngokushesha, umngane omkhulu kaKirk, uLauren Beckall, wamethula kumkhiqizi. Ngenxa yalokhu, waqala ukubonakala esikrinini esikhulu kuThe Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946).
Le filimu ibe yimpumelelo enkulu futhi yaze yaqokelwa nendondo ye-Academy ye-Best Screenplay. Ukusebenza kukaDouglas kwamukelwa kahle yizethameli nabagxeki bamafilimu.
Umlingisi waqala ukunikezwa izindima ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yalokho izinkanyezi kumateyipu ama-1-2 minyaka yonke.
Ngo-1949, uKirk waphathiswa indima ephambili kwifilimu ethi "Champion". Ngemuva kokukhombisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, waqokwa okokuqala kwi-Award Academy emkhakheni we-Best Actor.
Ukuba ngumculi odumile, uDouglas wasayina inkontileka nenkampani yamafilimu iWarner Brothers.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uKirk wadlala kumafilimu anjenge- "Letter to Three Wives", "Detective Story", "Juggler", "Bad and Beautiful" namanye amaningi. Ngokuqopha ifilimu yokugcina, waphinde waqokelwa i-Oscar, kepha kulokhu akazange akwazi ukuthola isithombe esihlonishwayo.
Ngo-1954, uDouglas wabonakala kwifilimu yezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi ezingama-20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, ngokususelwa kunoveli enegama elifanayo nguJules Verne. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi le tepi yaba eqolo emlandweni wesitudiyo i- "Walt Disney".
Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uKirk Douglas wathola indima yokuhola emdlalweni womlando uLust for Life, lapho adlala khona uVincent Van Gogh. Lo mlingisi uphinde wakhombisa amakhono akhe okulingisa ngokunikezwa iGolden Globe ye-Best Actor.
Kamuva uDouglas wasungula inkampani ekhiqiza amafilimu, wayiqamba ngegama likanina, uBrian Production. Amafilimu afana nePaths of Glory, amaViking kanye noSpartacus adutshulwe ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izindima eziyinhloko zaya eKirk Douglas efanayo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ifilimu yomlando "uSpartacus" wanikezwa ama-Oscars amane. Ngesabelomali sezigidi ezingama- $ 12, isithombe saba iphrojekthi ebiza kakhulu kwi-Universal ngo-1960, ithola cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-23 ebhokisini lehhovisi.
Lo mlingisi ubiza indawo ayithandayo ukusebenzela entshonalanga i- "Daredevils are Alone", lapho bekufanele aguquke abe yinkomo yezinkomo edangele.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-60s yekhulu elidlule, abaseMelika babenesithukuthezi ngamafilimu asentshonalanga nezimpi, futhi nemizamo kaDouglas yokuzama isithombe esisha kumafilimu athi "Isivumelwano" nethi "Abazalwane" yaba yisehluleki.
Impumelelo ethile yaletha uKirk "Squad" wasentshonalanga, owakhishwa ezikrinini ngo-1975, lapho adlala khona uMarshal Howard, elandela iqembu lezigebengu.
Ngale ndima, uDouglas waqokelwa iGolden Bear eBerlin International Film Festival.
Omunye wemisebenzi yokugcina ephawulekayo yesihlabani saseHollywood nguHarry Agensky kumdlalo wamahlaya "IDayimane". Ngo-1996, uKirk Douglas wahlaselwa isifo sohlangothi, ngenxa yalokho akakwazanga ukulingisa kumafilimu iminyaka eminingana.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yobuciko bakhe bokudala, uDouglas unenkanyezi kumafilimu angama-90.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni bakhe, uKirk Douglas wayenokwakha kwezemidlalo namehlo azwakalayo. Wayethandwa ngabesifazane, kubandakanya nabalingisi abadumile uJoan Crawford noMarlene Dietrich.
Ngo-1943, ngenkathi eseholidini elifushane ngemuva kokulimala, uKirk wathatha omunye umfundi uDiana Dill njengomkakhe. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana wawunamadodana amabili - uMichael noJoel.
Kamuva uDouglas washada nomlingisi u-Anne Bidense, owamzalela abanye abafana ababili - uPeter no-Eric. Zonke izingane zomculi nazo zixhumanise izimpilo zazo nokulingisa, kepha uMichael Douglas ubephumelela kakhulu.
Kirk Douglas namuhla
Ekupheleni kuka-2016, uKirk Douglas wagubha iminyaka eyikhulu, ehlanganisa abantu abaningi abadumile.
Ukwenza inkulumo phambi kwezivakashi eza, iqhawe losuku laqeqesha kusengaphambili ngomelaphi wezinkulumo. USteven Spielberg ubeyisimenywa sokuhlonishwa kusihlwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, uDouglas washicilela amanoveli ayi-10 nezikhumbuzo. Kusukela namhlanje, uku-TOP 20 Greatest Male Legends wesikrini sama-movie saseHollywood sakudala.
Isithombe nguKirk Douglas
