Yini impeachment? Lo mbuzo ukhathaza abantu abaningi abezwa leli gama ku-TV noma bahlangane nabezindaba. Kule ndatshana, sizochaza ukuthi isho ukuthini igama elithi "impeachment" nokuthi lingasetshenziswa kubani.
Umsuka wegama elithi impeachment
Ukuthweswa amacala enkantolo kuyinqubo yokushushisa, kufaka phakathi ubugebengu, yabantu abenza umsebenzi kamasipala noma kahulumeni, kubandakanya nenhloko yezwe, okungenzeka ukuthi basuswe esikhundleni.
Icala lokweqa umthetho lizojezisa umuntu ngokwenza okungamabomu.
Igama "impeachment" livela kwelesiLatini - "impedivi", ngokwezwi nezwi elisho "ukucindezelwa". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mqondo uvele ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi leli gama laqala ukusetshenziswa eGreat Britain emuva ngekhulu le-14.
Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokwehliswa ekuqaleni yadlulela emthethweni wase-United States, nakwamanye amazwe. Kusukela namhlanje, isebenza ezifundazweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi iRussia Federation.
Manje umqondo usetshenzisiwe ngezincazelo ezi-2.
Ukuxoshwa njengenqubo
Ngasohlangothini lwezomthetho, ukuthweswa icala ngamacala kuyinkambiso yezomthetho ehlose ukwenza ukuthi izikhulu eziphezulu ziphendule ngamacala amakhulu.
Ingaqalwa ngokumelene nomongameli, ongqongqoshe, abaphathi, amajaji nezinye izisebenzi zikahulumeni zegatsha eliphezulu likahulumeni.
Isinqumo sokugcina senziwa yindlu ephezulu noma inkantolo ephakeme kunazo zonke esifundazweni. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isikhulu sitholakale sinecala, siyasuswa esikhundleni saso.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi emashumini eminyaka adlule, ngenxa yokweqa umthetho, amakhanda amazwe amane asusiwe kokuthunyelwe kwabo:
- Omongameli baseBrazil: UFernando Colour (1992) noDilma Rousseff (2006);
- Mongameli we-Lithuania Rolandas Paksas (2004);
- UMongameli wase-Indonesia u-Abdurrahman Wahid (2000).
Kunjani ukususwa kukamengameli e-USA
E-United States, inqubo yokuthwala inezinyathelo ezi-3:
- Ukuthwasa. Abamele kuphela indlu engezansi yeCongress, okuyisigungu esiphezulu sezomthetho, abanelungelo elinjalo. Izizathu ezibucayi kanye namavoti angaphezu kwengxenye ayadingeka ukuqala amacala. Ukuthweswa icala kungamenyezelwa kumongameli noma isisebenzi sikahulumeni lapho kwenzeka ukuvukela umbuso okuphezulu, ukufumbathisa noma amacala amakhulu.
- Ukuphenya. Leli cala liphenywa yikomidi lezomthetho elifanele. Uma kwenzeka iningi labameleli livota, icala lithunyelwa eSenate.
- Ukucutshungulwa kwecala eSenate. Kulokhu, ukwehliswa kwenhloko yezwe kuyicala. Amalungu endlu ephansi asebenza njengabashushisi kanye namalungu eSenate enza njengamajaji.
Uma u-2/3 wabasenenja evotela ukuphoqa uMengameli, uzophoqeleka ukuthi ashiye isikhundla.
Isiphetho
Ngakho-ke, ukuthweswa icala kuyinkqubo yophenyo lapho kuqinisekiswa khona noma kunqatshelwe icala lezisebenzi zikahulumeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Uma kufakazelwa izenzo ezingekho emthethweni, lesi sikhulu siphucwa isikhundla saso, futhi singalethwa nasenkingeni yobugebengu.
Inqubo yokweqa icala iyefana nokuqulwa kwecala, lapho amalungu ephalamende esebenza njengamajaji.
