I-Turkey yizwe elishisayo elisempumalanga elihlobanisa imvelo yayo nomlando owedlule. Umbuso owakhiwa ngemuva kokuwa koMbuso WaseTurkey wakwazi ukuvikela ilungelo lawo lokuphila nobukhosi. Njalo ngonyaka ukugeleza kwabavakashi, okulwela ukufika lapha, kuyanda. Futhi hhayi ngeze - ukubukwa kweTurkey kuzohlaba umxhwele ngisho nabachwepheshile bobuhle.
I-Istanbul Blue Mosque
Ithempeli lakhiwa ngekhulu le-17 ngokwe-oda likaSultan Ahmed I, owathandazela u-Allah ukuthi anqobe ezimpini eziningi. Isakhiwo senkolo sishaya ngesilinganiso saso nangesitayela sokwakha: ngesikhathi sokwakha kwasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezibizayo zegranite nemabula, inani elikhulu lamawindi lenza ukukhanya kwangaphakathi okukhanyayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya eyengeziwe. Imibhalo eqoshiwe yama-Arabhu ihlobisa isikhala sedome elikhulu nezindonga. Isici esivelele se-mosque ama-minaret ayisithupha anama-balcony ahlanganisiwe esikhundleni sezine ezijwayelekile. Abakhulekeli kuphela abavunyelwe enkabeni yenkolo; izivakashi azivunyelwe ukungena lapho.
Kubanjiwe
Idolobha lasendulo lase-Efesu, elasungulwa ngekhulu le-10 BC, lalisogwini loLwandle i-Aegean laze labhujiswa ukuzamazama komhlaba okwesabekayo. AmaByzantine namaGrikhi, amaRoma kanye namaSeljuks ashiye uphawu lwawo lapha. Esinye sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa zomhlaba yiThempeli lika-Arthemisi, elihlotshiswe ngamatshe aqoshiwe futhi lizungezwe amakholomu angama-36, esikhathini esedlule esiseduze ezitaladini zedolobha. Manje kusele amanxiwa aso kuphela. Ithempeli likaHadrian, iLabhulali yaseCelsus, iNdlu yeVirgin, iTheatre YamaRoma yizakhiwo eziphambili ze-Efesu, ezingaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-UNESCO. Lezi zindawo ezingavamile zeTurkey zizoshiya uphawu olungenakulibaleka enkumbulweni yawo wonke umuntu kuze kube phakade.
ISanta Sophie Cathedral
Ithempeli, elithathe iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ukwakhiwa, lingummeleli wesitayela sezakhiwo zaseByzantine. UHagia Sophia wakhiwa izingcweti ezinamakhono kakhulu eConstantinople. Izinto zokwakha eziyinhloko zaziyizitini, kepha ukugoqa okwengeziwe, kwasetshenziswa igolide, isiliva namatshe ayigugu. Isici senkolo saseByzantium sasihlanganisa ukunganqobeki namandla ombuso ngaphambi kokubanjwa kombuso ngabaseTurkey. Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ngaphakathi kwezindonga zesonto elikhulu, izinhlangano ezimbili zenkolo zihlangene kakhulu - ubuKristu nobuSulumane.
Amanxiwa eTroy
UTroy, igama lesibili ledolobha lasendulo - i-Ilion, ligcwele izimfihlo nezinganekwane. Uhlatshelelwa ngumdali ongaboni uHomer ezinkondlweni "The Odyssey" naku "Iliad", ezitshela umhlaba ngezimbangela nemiphumela yeTrojan War. Amanxiwa wedolobha elidala agcina umoya walezo zikhathi ezikhazimulayo zokuchuma eTroy: inkundla yemidlalo yaseRoma, ukwakhiwa kweSenate, ithempeli lika-Athena esikhathini esidlule somlando kaTroy kudlale indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwayo. Imodeli yehhashi elidumile leTrojan, elinqume umphumela wokungqubuzana okunegazi phakathi kwamaDanaans namaTrojans, iyabonakala kusuka noma kuphi edolobheni.
INtaba i-Ararati
INtaba i-Ararati iyintaba-mlilo engasekho eye yaqhuma kahlanu kukho konke ukuba khona kwayo. Lokhu kukhanga kweTurkey kudonsela izivakashi ngemvelo yazo enhle, lapho umuntu angathola khona ukuthula nokuphefumulelwa. Intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke eTurkey ayidumile nje kuphela ngemibono yayo emangazayo kusuka phezulu kwayo, kodwa futhi nangokubandakanyeka kwayo ebuKristwini. Izinganekwane zeBhayibheli zithi kwakukuleli qophelo lapho uNowa athola khona insindiso ngesikhathi sikaZamcolo ngokwakha umkhumbi wakhe lapha.
IKapadosiya
ICappadocia, ingxenye emaphakathi nezwe elisempumalanga, yakhiwa enkulungwaneni yokuqala yeminyaka BC. Lesi sifunda sizungezwe izintaba futhi sinendawo engavamile yemvelo. Lapha amaKristu okuqala athola indawo yokukhosela ngesikhathi soshushiso, akha izindawo zokuhlala emigedeni ku-tuff yentaba-mlilo, emadolobheni angaphansi komhlaba nasezindlini zezindela. Lezi zamuva zakha iGoreme National Park, umnyuziyamu ovulekile. Konke lokhu kuze kube namuhla futhi kungaphansi kokuvikelwa yi-UNESCO.
Izimpophoma zaseDuden
Ukuvakashela eDuden Waterfalls kuzohambisana nalabo bavakashi abathanda ukuthula nokucabanga. Imifudlana ecacile yoMfula iDuden ogeleza ngokugcwele, ogeleza cishe kuyo yonke indawo yase-Antalya, wakha iziphethu ezimbili zamanzi - iLower Duden ne-Upper Duden. I-Cote d'Azur, uhlaza oluhlukahlukene kanye nemvelo enhle - konke lokhu kuzungeze ukukhanga kwamanzi eTurkey, okuhlaba umxhwele ngobuhle nobuhle bawo.
Isigodlo iTopkapi
Isigodlo iTopkapi silanda umlando waso emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-15, ngenkathi kuqala umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha ngokuyalelwa yi-Ottoman padishah Mehmed the Conqueror. Enye yezinto ezikhangayo eTurkey inendawo eyingqayizivele - inwebeka ogwini lweCape Sarayburnu, lapho kuhlangana khona iBosphorus Strait ingena oLwandle iMarmara. Kuze kube yikhulu le-19, isigodlo kwakuyindawo yokuhlala abaphathi base-Ottoman, ngekhulu lama-20 sanikezwa isikhundla semnyuziyamu. Izindonga zalesi sakhiwo sakha umlando weKhyurrem noSuleiman I the Magnificent.
Isiziba Somgogodla
IBasilica Cistern iyichibi lasendulo eliyimfihlakalo elinwebeka cishe ngamamitha ayi-12 ukujula. Izindonga zesakhiwo zinezixazululo ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuba ugcine amanzi. I-vault ibukeka njengethempeli lasendulo - endaweni yalo kunezinsika ezingama-336 eziphethe uphahla oluyindilinga. Ukwakhiwa kweBasilica Tistern kwaqala ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaConstantine I ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-5, futhi kwaphela ngo-532, lapho amandla kwakungekaJustinian I. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi kusinde izimpi nesomiso.
Inkundla yezemidlalo eDemre
I-amphitheatre ezingqondweni zabantu ixhunyaniswe kakhulu neGrisi neRoma lasendulo. Kepha kunesimangaliso esinjalo sezakhiwo zasendulo eTurkey, esakhiwe endaweni yezwe lasendulo laseLcia. IColosseum, esedolobheni elidala laseMira, inezindawo eziningi ezisezandleni zayo: ngezindinganiso zesimanje, ingathatha abantu abangafika ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi. Kulula ukuzibona njengendoda eyiqhawe ekhombisa abantu ubuciko bokushayela inqola.
IBosphorus
IBosphorus Strait iyindlela encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Amanzi alo ahlanganisa izilwandle eziMnyama neMarmara, kanti i-Istanbul ekhazimulayo inwebela ogwini - idolobha elilele e-Asia naseYurophu. Umzila wawunokubaluleka kokuhamba ngolwandle, futhi usabalulekile, isikhathi eside kube nomzabalazo wokuwulawula. Isikhathi sokugcina lapho amanzi eBosphorus, ngokusho kombhalo waseTurkey, aqala ukubanda ngoFebhuwari 1621.
Amathuna aseLycian
ILcia yizwe lasendulo esizeni lapho iTurkey yanamuhla iphakama khona. Izikhumbuzo eziningi zamasiko zashiywa lapho okhokho bethu. Elinye lalawa amathuna aseLycian. Akuyona imingcwabo ejwayelekile kumuntu wesimanje, kepha yizakhiwo zonke zokwakha, ezihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana. Lapha ungabona:
- ikhaya engajwayelekile - amathuna aqoshwe emadwaleni;
- i-tapinak - ukungcwaba ngesimo samathempeli amakhulu, okubonisa isitayela sabaseLycians basendulo;
- multi-level dakhit - isiphephelo sokugcina ngesimo sarcophagi;
- izindlu zamathuna ezifana nezindlwana zaseLycian.
Umgede weDamlatash
IDamlatas Cave, etholwe ngengozi maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, itholakala edolobheni laseTurkey i-Alanya. Lesi sici esivelele saseTurkey sidume ngokwakhiwa okungokwemvelo okunempahla yokwelapha. Ama-motala stalagmites nama-stalactites avele emhumeni, umoya wawo ogcwele isikhutha, isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-15. Ingcindezi yasemkhathini eDamlatash ihlale ingu-760 mm Hg. Ubuciko. futhi akuxhomekile kwisizini.
ISuleymaniye Mosque
Ithempeli elibabazekayo nelikanokusho, elakhiwa ngekhulu le-16 nge-oda likaSuleiman I, lise-Istanbul. I-mosque idume hhayi ngamawindi ayo amaningi anengilazi, umhlobiso omuhle, ingadi enhle kakhulu, umtapo wezincwadi omkhulu, ama-minaret amane avulekile, kepha futhi nokunganqobeki. Akukho ukuzamazama komhlaba nomlilo okwakungabhubhisa le tempile. Futhi, kulapha lapho kukhona amathuna ombusi wase-Ottoman uSuleiman I nomkakhe Khyurrem.
Intaba yomlilo iYanartash
"Ukuphefumula umlilo uChimera" - isiteketiso esinjalo phakathi kwabantu samukelwa intaba yomlilo iYanartash, evuse ukwesaba nokufuna ukwazi kubantu kusukela kudala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqoqwa okukhulu kwegesi yemvelo, enqamula emifantwini yezintaba bese ivutha ngokuzenzekelayo. Imizamo yokucima umlilo ayiholelanga lutho, ngakho abaseByzantium babheka le ndawo njengengcwele. Ngokomlando, kwakukule ntaba lapho uChimera ahlala khona - isilo sokuphefumula umlilo esabulawa yiqhawe uBellerophon saphonswa emathunjini okwakhiwa kwentaba. Kukhona umbono wokuthi ilangabi leYanartash okuyilangabi elingapheli le-Olimpiki.
Ichibi laseCleopatra ePamukkale
Ukuheha kwamanzi eTurkey ePamukkale kune-inflorescence ephelele yezindawo zokwelapha kanye nenganekwane enhle. Ngokomlando, indlovukazi yaseGibhithe uCleopatra uqobo wageza emanzini echibi. Abantu abavela kuwo wonke uMbuso WaseRoma beza lapha ukugeza ngamakhambi nokwenza ngcono impilo yabo. Ichibi ligcwele amaminerali awusizo, izinga lokushisa elikulo alikashintshi - lingama-35ºS, ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu.
Isango le-Arched eSide
Isango le-arched liyindlela eholela engxenyeni endala yeSide. Zakhiwa ngo-71 BC ukuhlonipha umbusi waseRoma uVespasian, umsunguli wobukhosi obukhulu bukaFlavia. Ukuphakama kwesango cishe kungamamitha ayi-6, ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuqukethe amaphiko amabili, elinye lawo livuleke ngaphakathi kanti elinye langaphandle. Ukuheha bekuhlala kubuyiselwa; kutholakale ukubonakala kokugcina kuphela ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaRoma.
Umhosha oluhlaza
IGreen Canyon yindawo enhle yokufakelwa enamanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile nohlaza olucijile nxazonke. Amanzi lapha agcwele insimbi, ngakho-ke umzila wamanzi unombala we-emerald. Le ndawo iphelele kulabo abafuna ukuzwana nokuthula. Izindawo ezibukeka kahle ngokumangalisayo, izintaba ezinhle kakhulu zeTaurus ezimbozwe ngamahlathi e-coniferous - konke lokhu kuzokhanga ochwepheshe bobuhle bemvelo.
Isigodlo sasePanagia Sumela
Ithempeli liyisigodlo esingasebenzi sase-Orthodox esivela ngasekupheleni kwe-4 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-5 AD. Ukuhluka kwenkimbinkimbi yenkolo kulele ekutheni iqoshwe edwaleni ebangeni elingamamitha angama-300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-4, isigodlo sezindela sigcine isithonjana sikaMama kaNkulunkulu uPanagia Sumela, ngokusho kwenganekwane, ebhalwe nguMvangeli uLuka. Eduze kwesigodlo sezindela, ungabona umthombo ocishe ubhujiswe, onamanzi akhe ezinsukwini zakudala ayenezici zokuphulukisa.
INtaba iNemrut-Dag
INtaba iNemrut-Dag iphakama edolobheni lase-Adiyaman, eliseningizimu-mpumalanga yeTurkey. Ensimini yokuheha kwentaba, izakhiwo zasendulo zokwakha nezithombe zasendulo zonkulunkulu benkathi yamaGreki zigcinwe. Konke lokhu kwakhiwa ngoku-oda kombusi u-Antiochus I, umbusi wezwe laseCommagene. Umbusi oqhoshayo wazibeka ngokulingana nonkulunkulu, ngakho-ke wayala ithuna lakhe, elifana nemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe, ukuba limiswe eNtabeni iNemrut-Dag futhi lizungezwe onkulunkulu ababehleli ezihlalweni zobukhosi. Lezi zithombe, ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2000 ubudala, zisekhona kuze kube namuhla futhi zingaphansi kokuvikelwa yi-UNESCO.
Lokhu akuzona zonke izinto ezibukwayo eTurkey, kepha lezo ezibalwe ngenhla zizokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele umoya waleli lizwe elihle.
